1. Modern text reading (9 points, 3 points for each question)

Read the following text and complete questions 1 to 3.

Food inheritance and health

The first and second episodes of "A Bite of China 2" not only brought the audience special delicacies from various places, such as Huizhou stinky tofu, Shaanxi Vermicelli, Su-style square cakes, etc. also showcase Huizhou’s ancient oil-pressing method with a history of thousands of years. However, the latter was immediately criticized because Huizhou's ancient oil extraction method was backward, had a short shelf life, and might produce the cancer mutagen benzopyrene. There are four criteria for delicacies to be selected for "Bite of China": first, they must be healthy, second, they must be authentic, third, they must be relatively everyday, and fourth, they must satisfy cravings. When it comes to the so-called authenticity of delicious food, there are two criteria: first, it is delicious, and second, it has inheritance.

Compared with these standards, Huizhou’s ancient method of oil extraction does not meet some standards. Because if you regularly consume oil squeezed by ancient methods, it will inevitably be harmful to your health. Edible oil is not a food, but an indispensable raw material for cooking food. Therefore, you need to pay more attention to whether this ingredient is healthy. Fortunately, after years of health promotion, some people have learned that the oil squeezed out by this ancient method is not good for health, and the edible oil consumed by the public now has also been refined to reduce the oil-soluble smoke during cooking (which contains a variety of carcinogens). chemicals, such as benzopyrene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), thus reducing the risk of cancer a lot. Chen Lei, the director of this episode, said that the reason for showing the ancient method of oil extraction is to show the inheritance of ancestors' wisdom.

Just like inheritance in any field, inheritance in food represents some kind of tradition and wisdom. However, tradition may not necessarily be reasonable and healthy. After verification by modern experimental science, whether it is Chinese diet or foreign diet, there are many traditional foods that are not consistent with health, and there will be a contradiction between deliciousness and inheritance.

Generally speaking, deliciousness or good taste is the first threshold for a food to gain people's favor and be passed down. This has been verified in human evolution. Researchers found that people all have a bitter taste gene TAS2R16 in their bodies. However, this gene is more fully expressed in Chinese people, which is consistent with the legend of Shennong tasting hundreds of herbs. The bitter taste gene was formed and fully expressed in the Chinese about 5000-6000 years ago. Therefore, as long as it is bitter food, people will eliminate it to avoid poisoning, and only delicious food will be chosen by people, including planting , cultivate, capture and cook. Therefore, the deliciousness of food is indeed the first element in inheritance.

However, delicious food may not necessarily be good for health. While most delicious foods are good for health, there are some delicious foods that are not. The Chinese people's "risking their lives to eat puffer fish" is an empirical explanation of the contradiction between delicious food and health. By extension, in terms of the inheritance of delicious food, many Chinese diets have been proven by modern experimental science to be unhealthy. For example, nasopharyngeal cancer is also called "Guangdong cancer". There are many reasons, but diet is an important factor. Now, researchers have found that although the causes of nasopharyngeal cancer include genetic, viral and environmental factors, these are not the main ones. The main thing is that the incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer has a greater relationship with dietary preparation and habits. Salted fish porridge is the most common food eaten by Guangdong families after the baby is born. It is intended to arouse and cultivate the baby's appetite and maintain a lifelong taste for delicious food. However, long-term consumption of salty foods such as salted fish and pickles can easily induce nasopharyngeal cancer because the production method of salted fish leads to the production of carcinogens.

In the coastal areas of Guangdong, there is a kind of salted fish that is salted after the fish has deteriorated, swollen, and smelled. Such fish contains a large amount of nitrosamines, such as nitrosamines, which are strong Carcinogens can directly induce cancer. It can be seen that salted fish porridge is a delicious food in the coastal areas of Guangdong and has inheritance, but it has been verified by modern science that it is not good for health. Therefore, such delicious and traditional eating methods need to be changed, so that it is possible to take off the label of "Guangdong Cancer".

Since there are no spoilers, I don’t know how many delicious foods similar to Huizhou’s ancient oil pressing will be included in “A Bite of China 2”. If in addition to showing the profoundness and far-reaching inheritance of Chinese food, the drama can also be scientifically controlled and also carry out scientific dissemination of healthy diet, it will be more meaningful and more enjoyable.

1. Among the following contents, one of the incorrect statements is

A. Huizhou's ancient oil extraction method has been criticized because the method is backward, has a short shelf life, and may produce the carcinogenic mutagen benzopyrene.

B. Huizhou's ancient oil-pressing method does not meet the food standards of "A Tip of China". It is not a delicacy and regular consumption is harmful to health.

C. Huizhou's ancient oil extraction method was selected into "A Bite of China" not to demonstrate an oil extraction technology, but to express the inheritance of ancestors' wisdom.

D. The oil squeezed by the ancient method in Huizhou has not been refined and contains a variety of toxic and harmful substances, which is harmful to health when consumed.

2. One of the following understandings does not conform to the meaning of the original text:

A. Edible oil is not a kind of food, but an indispensable raw material for cooking food. Therefore, the oil squeezed by Huizhou's ancient method does not meet the criteria for being selected for "A Tip of China".

B. People will actively eliminate bitter taste and choose delicious food. The delicious taste of food is indeed the first factor in inheritance.

C. The incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer is closely related to diet and habits. Salted fish and other pickled products contain large amounts of nitrosamines, which can directly induce cancer.

D. It is the most common salted fish porridge eaten by Guangdong families after the baby is born. It is intended to arouse and cultivate the baby's appetite and maintain a delicious taste throughout his life.

3. According to the original text, one of the following understandings is incorrect:

A. Inheritance in food represents a certain kind of inheritance and wisdom. However, inheritance may not necessarily be reasonable and healthy. Delicious food and inheritance need to be balanced.

B. Deliciousness or good taste is the primary criterion for people to choose food. In the process of evolution, humans have experienced the selection of natural beauty. Eat the process of artificially prepared delicious food.

C. Huizhou's ancient oil pressing and salted fish are inherited delicacies, but their processing methods are backward, so similar delicacy processing methods need to be improved in time.

D. In addition to showing Chinese food and its profound and far-reaching inheritance, such programs must also scientifically spread healthy eating. Only in this way can the program be meaningful.

2. Reading of ancient poetry (36 points)

(1) Reading of classical Chinese (19 points)

Read the following classical Chinese and complete hours 4-7 Title

Feng Changqing was from the Yi family in Puzhou. His maternal grandfather taught him how to read, and he learned a lot about it. After the death of my grandfather, Changqing was lonely and poor. He was over thirty years old and had no name.

General Gao Xianzhi is a well-known military envoy in the capital. He is quite talented. Every time he goes out to the army, he has more than thirty followers, all dressed in bright clothes. Chang Qing was furious and asked for an ultimatum. They are often thin and thin, with short and lame legs. Xian Zhi sees their appearance and does not like them. When we come back tomorrow, Xianzhi thanks us and says, "I've had enough, why bother coming back?" ?Chang Qing said angrily: "I admire the Lord's high righteousness and wish to be punished, so there is no matchmaker in front of me. How can I see the depth of my rejection?" If you judge people by their appearance, you are afraid of losing Ziyu, so let him miss you. ?Xianzhi is still not accepted. When he was waiting for his disciples, Xianzhi had no choice but to make up for him.

The Huidaxi tribe rebelled, heading north from Montenegro, and breaking leaves in the west. Xianzhi followed with two thousand cavalry, and when Daxi traveled far away, the men and horses were tired, and they were able to capture all the thieves. Chang Qing secretly wrote a short book under the curtain, recording the situation of Jingquan's residence, encountering thieves, and obtaining strategies, and he reviewed the affairs very carefully. When Xianzhi reads it, everything comes out as intended, which is a big shock. After using it, it became famous. Confer meritorious service to the garrison leader of Diezhou. Whenever Xianzhi goes on an expedition, he often orders Chang Qingzhi to stay behind. Chang Qing is talented, learned and decisive. Xianzhi entrusted the family affairs to the general Zheng Dequan, who nursed the mother and her son, and frightened the army. Chang Qing's taste returned from outside, and all the generals came to pay homage to him. He saw that Chang Qing was the first to be noble, and he changed it. Chang Qing's soldiers went on horseback. Chang Qing ordered the people around to introduce De Quan to the court. The doors were often closed, so he left the banquet and said: "I am a little subtle, but the Duke of Zhongchen has overheard and asked the Lord to leave the matter. How can the general be rude?" ?Yin scolded: "We must temporarily leave the general to die in order to suppress our army." ?Due to the death of the stick, he was dragged out with his face falling to the ground. Xianzhi's wife and wet nurse cried outside the door to save him, but they couldn't, so they gave Xianzhi Bai Xianzhi. Xianzhi was shocked, and when she saw Chang Qing, she was afraid of her husband and did not dare to give in. Chang Qing also refused to thank him. General Hui was guilty and killed two more people, which made everyone in the army tremble. Chang Qing is diligent and thrifty by nature and endures hard work. He rides a mule when going to the army and two horses in a private stable. He has clear rewards and punishments.

When Tianbao finally entered the court, Anlu Mountain rebelled. The emperor introduced him and asked what strategy he could use to defeat the thieves. When Chang Qing saw the emperor's worries, he said loudly: "The world has been peaceful for a long time, and people don't know how to fight." However, things went against the grain, and there was a sudden change. The minister asked his horse to go to Tokyo to open the treasury and recruit brave men to pick up a horse and cross the river. He planned to capture the rebel Hu's head and hang it under the palace. ?The emperor is strong. Tomorrow, Chang Qing will be appointed as the deputy envoy of Fan Yang Jiedu and will go to Tokyo by post. Chang Qing has recruited 60,000 soldiers, but they are all hired servants to protect the market. He cut off the Heyang Bridge and used Tokyo as a defensive defense. In December, when Lushan crossed the river, Chang Qing's envoy Xiaoqi refused and killed dozens of Zhejie's people. The army of thieves arrived, but Chang Qing could not resist it. They entered the Shangdong Gate and the battle was at a disadvantage. The thieves marched in and robbed the officials. They fought again at Dutingyi, but were defeated again. He led troops to guard Xuanren Gate and was defeated again. Naiyu Gao Xianzhi said: "The thieves are very sharp and it is difficult to fight. There are no soldiers at Tongguan. If one man rushes forward, the capital will be in danger. It is better to defend Tongguan urgently." ?Xianzhi follows.

After hearing the news of defeat, the emperor cut off Chang Qingguan and sent him to serve in the Xianzhi Army in white clothes. Xianzhi sent an envoy dressed in black to supervise the troops on the left and right. He ordered Cheng to send an edict to inform him. Chang Qing said: "I will not die because I am afraid that I will pollute the national integrity and be killed by thieves, so I am willing to die."

At the beginning, Chang Qing was defeated and entered the pass. He wanted to see Chen to report the thieves. When he arrived in Weinan, there was an edict to go to Tongguan. Chang Qing was worried and expressed his gratitude. He also said: "Since Tokyo fell, The success or failure of the three dispatches cannot be correct. ? He also said: ? After my death, I hope that your Majesty will not take this thief lightly, and the country will be safe. ?When he was about to be executed, he died as a token of his sincerity, and many people mourned him.

(Excerpt from "New Book of Tang Feng Changqing Biography", with some deletions)

4. For the following sentence fragments with wavy lines in the text, which one is correct ( ) (3 points)

A. However, things are going against the grain/The situation has a strange change/I invite you to ride to Tokyo/open the treasury/recruit brave men/carry horses and baskets/cross the river to count the days/take the head of the rebel Hu/hang under the tower

　B ． However, things go against the grain/the situation changes unexpectedly/I invite you to ride to Tokyo/open the treasury/recruit brave men/carry horses and baskets/cross the river to count the days/take the head of the rebel Hu and hang it under the tower

C. However, things go against the trend/there are strange changes/I invite you to ride to Tokyo/open the treasury/recruit brave men/carry horses and baskets/cross the river to count the days/take the head of the rebel Hu and hang it under the tower

D. However, things go against the trend/there are strange changes/I invite you to ride to Tokyo/open the treasury/recruit brave men/carry horses and baskets/cross the river to count the days/take the head of the rebel Hu/hang under the palace

5. In the following explanation of the related content of the words in the text, the incorrect one is ( ) (3 points). ． ．

A. "Yifu" has many interpretations in classical Chinese. It originally refers to a single husband and a tyrant. For example, "Mencius: King Hui of Liang": "A person who is a cripple is a thief." Yifu refers to the Yin Dynasty. King Zhou, later also refers to "one person, one farmer", such as Li Bai's "The Road to Shu is Difficult" "One man is in charge of the pass, and ten thousand men cannot open it". Ouyang Xiu's "Reply to Han and Wei Gong after he was relieved of his official position": "When I went to Nanmu for my husband, I was still a second-rank minister in the East Palace." In the article, "One man rushes forward and the capital is in danger" refers to a soldier.

B. "牒" refers to a brief piece made of bamboo pieces. The short pieces connected together are also called a piece of paper. "Submitting an ultimatum" in the article refers to submitting documents [Source Discipline Network ZXXK]

C. "Ziyu" was a disciple of Confucius. Because his appearance and body shape were not good-looking, Confucius thought he had no future, but he studied hard.

It finally became a great thing. The article uses this allusion to hope that Gao Xianzhi will not judge people by their appearance.

D. "Left" is a polysemous word, which means the direction "left, right", the verb "control", and the adverb "reverse". In the text, it refers to the person who follows.

6. In the following summary and analysis of the relevant content of the original text, the incorrect one is ( ) (3 points). ． ．

A. Feng Changqing was born in poverty and had an ugly appearance. He was not appreciated at first, but he persevered and seized the opportunity to write a battle report that was highly appreciated by Gao Xianzhi, thus making his mark.

B. Feng Changqing enforced the law strictly. Because Zheng Dequan deliberately rode his horse to attack his attendants, he executed him in accordance with the law. He later killed two criminal generals, so everyone in the army was afraid of him.

C. Feng Changqing spoke loudly to the emperor and proposed big strategic policies. The emperor appreciated it and sent him to meet the enemy. After he arrived in Tokyo, he recruited troops and cut off the Heyang Bridge to defend it.

D. Feng Changqing believed that by defending Tongguan, he could protect Chang'an, the capital. Although he might be killed for escaping from battle, it would be better than dying at the hands of the enemy.

7． Translate the underlined sentences in the text into modern Chinese. (10 points)

(1) I admire the public's high righteousness and wish to be punished, so there is no matchmaker in front of me. How can I see the public's rejection?

Translation: __________________________________________________________________

(2) Xianzhi was shocked, and when he saw Chang Qing, he was afraid of his father-in-law and did not dare to give in. Chang Qing also refused to thank him.

Translation_______________________________________________________________

(2) Ancient Poetry Reading (11 points)

Read the following Song Dynasty poem and complete questions 8-9.

Autumn Night on the River

(Song Dynasty) Dao Qian

The rain is dark, the Cangjiang River is not clear at night, and the leaves in the well are turning over the autumn leaves.

The wind blows in the middle of the night above the building, and the moon shines brightly in the shallow clouds.

Zhu Daoqian (1043-1102), courtesy name Shenliao, was born in Yuqian, Hangzhou (now Lin'an, Zhejiang). His common surname is He, his real name is Tan Qian, and he is given the title Master Miaozong. He became a monk since childhood. Be friendly with Su Shi and Qin Guan. ②Break: stop.

8. "The sound of autumn leaves turning over the well" and "The sycamore tree is drizzled with rain, and at dusk, bit by bit" in Li Qingzhao's "Slow Sound" are both written about sycamore trees. What are the similarities and differences in the expression techniques of these two sentences? Please give a brief analysis. (5 points)

9. Song poetry is good at borrowing scenery to convey meanings. Please briefly summarize the description of scenery in four lines of the poem, and explain the truth contained in this poem in one sentence. (6 points)

(3) Dictation of famous articles and sentences (6 points)

10. Fill in the gaps in the following sentences. (6 points)

(1) Zhuge Liang used the two sentences "_______________" and "_______________" in "Shi Shi Biao" to emphasize that rewards, punishments, praise and blame must be unified when handling government affairs.

(2) The two sentences "_______________" and "_______________" in Xin Qiji's "Yong Yu Le, Nostalgic for the Past in Guting, Bei Jingkou" express the author's infinite love for heroes by describing Liu Yu's feat of leading the Northern Expedition and regaining the lost territory. admire.

(3) The two sentences in Liu Yuxi's "The Inscription of the Humble House" that use natural imagery to describe the natural environment of the humble house are?_______________,_______________?

Question B

< p> Candidates are asked to choose one of the three (11) and four (12) questions to answer. They can only answer the small questions within the selected large question, and are not allowed to choose the small questions within the other large question. If you do more than one, you will be graded according to the first question answered.