1) characteristic principle. Characteristics are differences. Distinctive features are the vitality of tourism resources. Only with characteristics will there be attention. Tourism economy itself is attention economy, so we should pay attention to the differences between tourist attractions and reflect the characteristics of no one but me. The essence of developing and utilizing tourism resources is to find, explore and utilize the characteristics of tourism resources. The developed tourism resources should not only keep its original characteristics, but also make its original characteristics more distinctive, innovative and developed, and absolutely avoid the original characteristics being destroyed by the developed tourism resources.
(2) the principle of * * *. It is this tourism project that is born with another tourism project. Tourism projects are projects with strong externalities, which can be divided into positive and negative externalities. The so-called positive externality means that tourism projects are compatible, complementary and coordinated. After seeing this scenic spot, there is a desire to visit another scenic spot. The so-called negative externalities mean that tourism projects are similar, not cooperative. * * * nature of tourism resources, including natural resources and natural resources, natural resources and cultural resources, cultural resources and cultural resources, and different tourism projects, its * * * birth phenomenon is different. For example, exhibition halls, hotels, shopping malls, transportation facilities, natural attractions and man-made attractions are born of each other. Therefore, we should pay attention to the coordination of various tourist attractions in a small area.
(3) networking principle. Tourism is an expanded network and a natural network. On the development of Zhuhai's tourism, we often emphasize the concept of Greater Pearl River Delta and give full play to the advantages of tourism resources of cities in the Pearl River Delta. In fact, if a place has unique tourist attractions, even if it is stopped by people, tourists will still go all the way to visit and do everything possible to solve problems such as poor roads and inconvenient accommodation and food. The key question now is whether our tourist attractions have formed a bright spot, whether they have formed a network, and whether the tourist attractions in various places have produced complementary effects in a large area. According to the actual tourism situation in Zhuhai, there are the following three networks.
the first is the small network, that is, the large expansion of tourist attractions in the central city. We should consider the * * * nature between scenic spots, emphasize the excavation of connotation, including the implementation of tourism development in the western and eastern parts of the city, and focus on the development and construction of cultural tourism scenic spots in Tangjiawan ancient villages and towns (including the former Tangjia Old Town, * * * Paradise, Qi' ao Baishi Street, Jinding Huitong Village, etc.). Zhuhai International Racing, Pearl Paradise and other tourism resources also need to be integrated), modern education, science and technology cultural tourism scenic spots (including university parks, southern software parks, science and technology innovation coasts, etc.), Nanwan Tourism New District (including Nanping Science and Technology Industrial Park industrial tour, Beishan Yang's Grand Ancestral Hall, Wan Chai Flower Park, seafood dry goods market shopping tour, etc.), and Hengqin characteristic tourist area.
followed by China network. That is, "two districts and one island", that is, the tourism development of Doumen District, Jinwan District and East Island. The Baiteng Lake Tourist Area in Doumen District has matured; Imperial hot springs have also become famous at home and abroad; Huangyangshan-Jintai Temple tourist area is being improved; Eco-agricultural tourism needs further development and excavation. Although Jinwan District has been established for a short time, its tourism development has also shown a good momentum. Amazon tropical style park has a good start; Pingsha Hot Spring is magnificent due to the capital injection of Hong Kong China Travel Service. Fei Beach has gradually become a tourist like a crucian carp crossing the river; The 3-kilometer-long Zhugang Avenue will not only connect new industrial parks in series, but also connect new tourist areas in series ... But at present, the arrangement of tourist routes in the whole Daxi District is still one-way, and there is no loop. We should change the "U"-shaped structure composed of Zhugang Avenue, Huxin Road and Huangyang Avenue into an "O"-shaped structure, so as to form a small closed loop between them, and connect the landscape of lakes and mountains, temples and hot springs, ports and beaches with the cultural landscape and urban landscape in series, and then radiate outward. The development of islands in the eastern region needs to be intensified. From the currently developed Dong 'ao Island, Guishan Island, Wanshan Island and Wailingding Island, problems such as insufficient infrastructure, water and electricity supply, traffic and pollution need to be solved, the development of tourism projects needs to be explored, and the protection of animal and plant resources needs to be strengthened. In particular, we should take the opportunity of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge to strengthen cooperation with Hong Kong and Macao, and form a characteristic tourist loop in the Pearl River Estuary.
the third is the big network, that is, the tourism resources of the whole Greater Pearl River Delta are connected into a network. We should make maximum use of other people's resources to make up for our own shortcomings, and integrate local resources with foreign resources to learn from each other's strengths. The tourism resources of Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Zhuhai and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao can be completely integrated. The Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Zhuhai Food Tour launched at the beginning of this year is a good start.
in view of the above, it is very important to build its own core scenic spots in order to realize the characteristics, naturalness and networking of tourist attractions. But at present, many of our tourist attractions have the problem of low-level repeated construction. The key lies in the problems in the ideas, design concepts and development subjects of scenic spot expansion. From the design concept, the development of natural resources not only requires uniqueness, but also emphasizes the cultural connotation of resource development. As the saying goes, the mountain is not high, and the fairy is famous; The water is not deep, and the dragon is the spirit. The same is true for scenic spots. If the scenery is not big, it will be glorious if it has cultural connotation, and it will be prosperous if it has national and local characteristics. If there is no culture in the development of small-scale natural attractions, it will lose its connotation and will not make people linger. The low level of construction of some tourist attractions is mainly manifested in this aspect. As far as cultural landscape is concerned, theme parks are the easiest to repeat. Why is the development level too low and the complementarity is not strong? The key point is that the cultural prototypes of many theme parks are not right. Historical culture, religious culture, national culture and fantasy culture (amusement parks) are all complementary, some are extensions, some are transformations and some are contrasts. If the relationship between them is not handled well, it will be difficult to implement the scenic spot planning.
second, the development and protection mode of tourism resources
Another expansion direction of Zhuhai tourist attractions should be from the city to the countryside, which is in line with the general trend of human beings returning to nature. In this process, it is necessary to vigorously develop eco-tourism and handle the relationship between the development and protection of natural resources. There are four modes in dealing with this relationship; And the development of eco-tourism should pay attention to three major issues.
(1) Mode selection of tourism resources development and protection
1. Protect for the sake of protection. This is negative and has been denied by practice. Protecting for the sake of protection is the responsibility of the cultural relics department, not the purpose of local governments, especially the purpose of tourism.
2. Develop for the sake of development. This is blind, and it is the consciousness of small farmers. Just as farmers raise pigs in water towns and fish in rivers, they raise them and sell them for personal benefit, but they ignore the pollution caused to water bodies. In other places, very good landscape areas are turned into cemeteries, so long as they can be sold for a little money, without considering environmental benefits and sustainable development at all. In fact, they destroy the cornucopia to beg.
3. Develop for protection. If this landscape is unique, unique and non-renewable, it must be developed through protection. Baiteng Lake area, which has both marshland and incomplete wetland, is characterized by the combination of natural and artificial ponds. It is very valuable to have such a piece of land in Zhuhai city. Here, human landscape and natural landscape, ecological benefits and economic benefits can be completely unified, which is also difficult to find the second one in the whole city of China. The landscape of Baiteng Lake Water Town is unique, unique and non-renewable. If it is destroyed, it cannot be restored. For this kind of tourism resources, it can't be monopolized by one enterprise, but must be monopolized by the government. Under the guidance of high-starting planning, the development should be carried out by stages with enterprises as the main body.
the main body of tourism resources development can be divided into three categories: first, the development is entirely based on enterprises. Second, the government and enterprises carry out monopolistic development. Like Venice, the roads and bridges in Baiteng Lake water town will be built by enterprises as the main body. The right to operate small cruise ships is monopolized by the government and auctioned to enterprises. Third, it is completely developed by the government. Such as the renovation of ancient villages in urban areas and the protection of water bodies. Important tourism resources should adopt the latter two development modes.
4. Protect for development. For example, the stone carvings on Shixi Mountain and Cliff on Gaolan Island can only be protected through development. You can choose to develop with enterprises as the main body under the premise of strict government planning. After some projects are planned, the 3-year management right of the project can be auctioned publicly, and the state-owned assets can be maximized, and it is a one-time income. The development and management rights of the above-mentioned stone carvings and islands in the Eastern District can be sold at a high price if they are auctioned publicly, and then the owners will invite investment by themselves and carefully plan the development. This is the government's monopoly on the ownership of the project, and the right to operate is released.