1, the British began colonial rule of Hong Kong, the time is in the first Opium War, when the Qing government was defeated in the August 29, 1842, and the British signed the Treaty of Nanjing, Hong Kong Island and Yau_Continental ceded to the United Kingdom. 1860, October, the second Opium War, the Qing government was defeated again, was forced to sign the "Treaty of Beijing", will be the Kowloon Peninsula (then known as the Kowloon Secretary of State for Localities) south of Boundary Street and Stonecutters Island to British rule. In 1898, the Qing Government signed the Treaty of Beijing with the United Kingdom, in which 230 islands of various sizes south of the Shenzhen River and north of Boundary Street, totaling 975.1 square kilometers, were leased to the United Kingdom, which was called the New Territories, for a period of 99 years. The term of the lease was 99 years, beginning on July 1, 1898 and expiring on June 30, 1997, thus occupying the entire territory of Hong Kong. Thus, the whole territory of Hong Kong was occupied.

2. In September 1982, the British Government and the Government of the People's Republic of China began negotiations on the future of Hong Kong. Although both the Treaty of Nanjing and the Treaty of Beijing referred to the permanent cession of Hong Kong Island and Kowloon and Stonecutters Island south of Auck_Chow and Boundary Street to the United Kingdom, the People's Republic of China refused to recognize all the relevant unequal treaties, such as the Treaty on the Expansion and Expansion of the Boundary of Hong Kong, and only recognized that Hong Kong was subject to British administration and was not a British dependency, and demanded that the United Kingdom hand over Hong Kong Island and Kowloon together with the New Territories.In 1997, the British Government decided to to return sovereignty over Hong Kong to China while seeking to maintain British interests in Hong Kong.

3. After two years and as many as 22 rounds of negotiations, China and Britain finally signed the Sino-British Joint Declaration on December 19, 1984, deciding that from July 1, 1997, China would set up a Special Administrative Region (SAR) in Hong Kong and begin to re-exercise its sovereignty and governance over Hong Kong Island, the Kowloon Peninsula to the south of Boundary Street, the New Territories, and other lands.