Maoli: Maozi and his party. Millet (shǔ): a crop in the north, shaped like millet and sticky. Lili: the appearance of the queue.

"Yangzhou Slow·Huaizuo Famous Capital" by Jiang Kui, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, can be found in "Songs of Taoist Baishi". The preface to the poem goes: "On the solstice of Chunxi Bingshen, I passed Weiyang. The snow started to fall at night, and I could see the shepherd's wheat. When I entered the city, I looked around at the depression, and the cold water turned blue. The dusk gradually rose, and the garrison horns groaned sadly. I felt sad, This song reflects the past and present. The old man Qianyan thinks that there is a sadness in "Suili".

The sadness of "Suili" refers to the lamentation that the country is not as good as it used to be. The Pain of Death. From "Guofeng·Wangfeng·Shuli", it is a poem from the "Book of Songs", the first collection of poetry in ancient China. This is a folk song from the area around Luoyi, the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Poems about the rise and fall of the family and the country.

The original text is as follows:

The seeds of the millet are moving slowly, and the center is shaking. Those who know me say that my heart is worried. Those who don’t know me say that I am worried. Who is this in the distant sky? "Those who don't know me, what do I want?" Who do you think I am?

The translation is as follows:

Look at the rows of millet, and the sorghum seedlings are also growing. The pace of the old world is slow, and there is only sorrow and sadness in my heart. People who can understand me say that I am sad in my heart. People who cannot understand me ask me what I am seeking. Who in the high heavens wants me to leave home?

Look at the rows of millet, and the sorghum ears are also growing. Walking on the old ground is slow, as if you are drunk. People who can understand me say that I am sad in my heart, and ask me what I am seeking. . High in the sky, who made me leave home?

Looking at the rows of millet, the sorghum ears are red, and the steps are slow, and my heart feels like a choke. People who can understand me say. I am sad in my heart. People who cannot understand me ask me what I seek. High in the sky, who made me leave home?

About "Wang Feng· The background of the poem "Mao Li", "Preface to Mao's Poems" says: ""Millet" was written by Emperor Min Zong of the Zhou Dynasty. The officials of Zhou Dynasty were on duty, and when they came to Zongzhou, they passed by the ancestral temples and palaces, which were all filled with grain and millet. When Min Zhou's family was overthrown, he was hesitant and couldn't bear to leave, so he wrote this poem. " From then on, the preface of the poem was placed at the beginning of Wang Feng, which shows that it was the intention of the compiler. However, there have been many disputes in the past. Among the three poems, Han and Lu's poems are different from Mao's preface. Cheng Yi, a Confucian in the Song Dynasty, even speculated that it was "the seedlings of other countries." It is the seedling of Hou Ji.

Modern people have read the poem, and new theories have emerged one after another. The more representative one is Guo Moruo's "Research on Ancient Chinese Society", which described it as being written by the nobles of the old family who were grieving for their bankruptcy. , Yu Guanying in "The Book of Songs" believes that it is the wanderer who expresses his worries. There are also Lan Jusun's theory of patriots worrying about the country and resentment in the war ("The Book of Songs"), and Cheng Junying's theory of being unable to leave home ("The Book of Songs"). "The Book of Songs Translation and Annotation"), etc.

Although there are many opinions, the sorrow caused by the changes of the times contained in the poem is indisputable, although its specificity cannot be clearly seen from the poem. The background, but the spiritual shock it brings to readers through the vicissitudes of life is worthy of careful appreciation. On the other hand, from the perspective of poetry, it is listed in "Wang Feng" because it is the work of the great doctor Min Zongzhou. First of all, this is the orthodox theory of poetry.

To understand why Min Zongzhou's poems are listed first in "Wang Feng", we must first understand what "Wang Feng" is. Zheng Jian said: "Zong Zhou." , Haojing is also called the Western Zhou Dynasty. Zhou, the royal city, is called the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. King You's rebellion led to the destruction of Zhou Dynasty, and King Ping moved eastward. His political power became weak and he was ranked among the princes. His poems could not be compared to "Ya", but were the same as "Guo Feng".

" It can be seen that "Wang Feng" has both geographical and political meanings. Geographically speaking, it is the song of the royal city. Politically speaking, it is no longer as good as the poem "Ya", so it is called "Wang Feng". "Wind". As a place in the capital, its calm and generous noble spirit, simple and elegant civilian style, and the helplessness and sorrow of the declining royal family of King Ping were intertwined to form a unique cultural psychology.

If this poem is as mentioned in the "Preface to Mao's Poems", its typical situation should be: Not long after King Ping moved eastward, a senior official from the court went to Haojing, the capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty, which is the so-called Zongzhou, and everywhere he looked was Seeing that there is no longer the former city palace, nor the prosperity of the city, there is only a lush millet seedling growing to its heart's content, and maybe one or two wails of wild pheasants are occasionally heard. This scene makes the poet I couldn't help but feel sad, and my shirt was filled with tears.

Because of this kind of emotion and this kind of scenery, it turns into poetry.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Guo Feng·Wang Feng·Mu Li