Health education knowledge lecture lesson plan
Health education knowledge lecture lesson plan. Maybe many people don't know about health. What are the health measures for the body? Experts need to give lectures to educate people about the cost of a healthy body. Having a healthy body can lead to better work and life. Let’s talk about the health education knowledge lecture lesson plan.
Health Education Knowledge Lecture Plan 1
Health Education Knowledge Lecture Plan 1
(1) Prevention of Influenza
1. Teaching Purpose :
By introducing the causes of influenza, let teachers know that influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus. Understand that influenza and the common cold are two different diseases. In comparison, influenza is more likely to cause infection and epidemics.
2. Teaching focus and difficulties:
1. The main symptoms and harm of influenza.
2. The transmission routes of influenza.
3. Preventive methods of influenza.
3. Teaching process:
1. Why do people get sick? There are many reasons for getting sick. The causes of some diseases have not been studied clearly yet, but the causes of infectious diseases have been studied. Understand, people who have contracted infectious diseases contain many pathogens in their bodies. It is these pathogens that can only be seen under a microscope that cause trouble and cause people to contract infectious diseases. Different infectious diseases have different transmission routes. Most infections are transmitted through three routes: first, inhalation through the nose; second, through eating and drinking through the mouth; third, through "drilling" through the skin. "Those who inhale it get respiratory infectious diseases;" those who eat or drink it get digestive tract infectious diseases; "those who get in it get insect-borne infectious diseases. Colds are respiratory infectious diseases.
2. Why do people cough and burp? Sneezing? Every one of our classmates has sneezed and coughed, but why do we sneeze or cough? It turns out that sneezing or coughing is a protective reflex function of the body. When our nasal cavity is exposed to foreign matter or Cold air may irritate you, or you may cough when you have a cold or bronchitis. A sneeze or cough will spray bacteria and viruses from your nose or throat far away. This is good for people, but what about others? When sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief or hands. Some students will say: "I don't have respiratory infections, can I cough or sneeze on others?" "The absence of respiratory infectious diseases does not mean that there are no pathogens in your respiratory tract. Besides, not coughing or sneezing on others not only prevents the transmission of pathogens to the outside world, but is also a concrete manifestation of being civilized.
3. Coughing on others What diseases can be transmitted by sneezing? There are many types of respiratory infectious diseases, such as common cold, influenza, mumps, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, etc. These diseases are transmitted through breathing. Inhaled into the body. There are a large number of pathogens in the respiratory tract of patients with respiratory infectious diseases or those who are not sick but carry pathogens. When breathing, talking, coughing, and sneezing, they can infect the nose, throat, and trachea. Pathogens are sprayed into the air along with saliva and mucus droplets. These tiny mucus droplets carry pathogenic mucus, saliva, phlegm, etc. and fall on the ground. After drying, the pathogens are mixed with dust and are mixed with dust when sweeping the floor or blowing wind. , as the dust flies into the air, it can also be inhaled by healthy people and cause illness.
(1) Characteristics of influenza:
Influenza is more severe than influenza. The virus is easy to mutate, is highly contagious, and spreads rapidly. Influenza is mainly spread through air droplets. There are a large number of influenza viruses in the upper respiratory tracts such as the nose, mouth, and throat of influenza patients, and the infectious agent passes through the mouth. The virus is excreted by sneezing, coughing, etc. The virus is spread in the air with droplets. Healthy people may become infected by inhaling these virus-carrying air droplets. In addition, items contaminated by patients, such as tableware and mouth. Cups, towels, etc. may also play a role in transmission.
The onset of influenza is acute, with chills starting, followed by fever, with a body temperature of 39-40 degrees Celsius, headache, redness of the conjunctiva, extreme fatigue, and muscle aches, especially It is most obvious in the lower back and gastrocnemius. There are mild symptoms of respiratory inflammation, including nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, and dry cough. The patient may have retrosternal burning or flushing of the cheeks.
Generally, after 3-5 days, various symptoms gradually improve or disappear as the body temperature drops, except for general weakness and cough that can last for 1-2 weeks. Systemic symptoms are relatively severe, while respiratory symptoms are relatively mild.
When suffering from influenza, the body's resistance is reduced, and some parasites and bacteria in the nose and throat take the opportunity to multiply, which can easily cause some secondary infections, such as pneumonia, myocarditis, etc. To attract great attention.
(2) Principles of prevention of influenza
First, control the source of infection and treat influenza patients in the five early stages, namely early detection, early diagnosis, early reporting, early isolation, Treat early. Second, cut off the transmission channels. Do not go to public places during the epidemic to reduce the chance of infection. Cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief when sneezing or coughing to prevent droplet infection. You can also use 3% Lysol, vinegar steam or ultraviolet light to disinfect the air in classrooms, offices and other places. Third, drug prevention. You can choose Daqingye, Isatis root and other decoctions. One dose per day; take 10 grams of reed root, 10 grams of grass root, and 3 grams of licorice decoction in water. One dose per day. You can also take some antiviral granules. Fourth, actively strengthen physical exercise and enhance the body's resistance.
(3) How schools and classes should do a good job in preventing influenza.
Students are in the period of growth and development and have low resistance to infectious diseases. They are more susceptible to most infectious diseases. The younger they are, the more likely they are to be infected, so influenza and colds are most susceptible to primary school students. Most are susceptible. There is close contact between schools and students. Once influenza occurs, it may cause an epidemic or even an outbreak, which will inevitably have a serious impact on students' health and learning. Therefore, preventing influenza and colds in schools and classes is of great significance to protecting the health of students. Especially in winter and spring, schools and classes should do active prevention work.
Wet cleaning should be carried out every day on duty to prevent dust from flying. Indoor ventilation should be strengthened. The weather is cold in winter. Some classes are afraid of the cold and keep their doors and windows closed all day long. This is wrong. Indoor ventilation should still be done in winter. The class can designate a student on duty to be responsible for this task. Doors and windows should be opened after class and closed during class. This not only maintains a certain temperature in the room, but also circulates indoor air. It is the simplest and easiest way to ensure that students are free from influenza, colds and other respiratory infectious diseases. Schools can also regularly use ultraviolet lights to disinfect the air. You can also use 3% Lysol solution to spray or scrub the floor, scrub tables and chairs, etc. In addition, vinegar steam can be used to disinfect the classroom air. Every student should develop good hygiene habits, cover their mouth and nose with a handkerchief when coughing and sneezing, and refrain from spitting. During the influenza epidemic season, you should avoid going to public places or rarely go to public places. You can also take some antiviral drugs such as isatis root and antiviral granules.
When you have the flu, drink plenty of fluids, eat easy-to-digest foods, and stay in bed.
Indoor environmental pollution is harmful to health
Compared with summer, indoor environmental pollution in winter has the following characteristics of “three more and one less”:
1. Indoor air There are too many pollutants in it. In addition to the harmful gases formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene series and radioactive radon produced by construction, decoration and furniture, indoor carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and respirable particulate matter are higher than in summer due to combustion and heating;
2. People spend more time indoors. Due to the cold winter, most people, especially the elderly, children and the infirm, spend more time indoors and less time outdoors, causing indoor pollutants to be more harmful to the human body than in summer;
3. Various Respiratory diseases have increased. Winter is the season of high incidence of various respiratory diseases, and people's immunity is relatively weak. Pollutants such as formaldehyde, benzene, and ammonia in the air mainly irritate the human respiratory system and mucous membranes, reduce people's immunity, and are harmful to respiratory diseases. The harm to people's health is greater;
4. There are fewer opportunities for indoor ventilation. Because everyone pays attention to indoor warmth and reduces indoor ventilation, a large amount of indoor pollutants accumulate. According to surveys, when ventilation is poor, indoor air pollution in winter is dozens of times more serious than outdoor air pollution. Health education knowledge lecture lesson plan 2
Health education knowledge lecture lesson plan 1
1. Teaching purpose
Let teachers understand the concept of health and what is healthy through explanation people. Factors affecting health, healthy lifestyle, health education concept.
2. Teaching focuses and difficulties
1. The concept of health
2. Healthy lifestyle
3. Things that affect health Factors
4. Health promotion
3. Teaching process
Introduction: Health is the normal state of human life and is the key to economic development, social progress and national prosperity. guarantee. Our country's Constitution clearly stipulates: Maintaining the health of all citizens and improving the health level of people of all ethnic groups is one of the important tasks of socialist construction. Helping people get healthy is the responsibility of each of our health workers, and it is the sacred mission of every health educator. As a hospital manager, it is even more unshirkable.
(1) What is health
Due to the different times, environments and conditions in which people live, their understanding of health is also different. In the past, people generally believed that a body without disease, injury, or disability was "healthy." With the changes in the spectrum of human diseases and the transformation of medical models, people's understanding of health is also deepening.
Modern people realize that in addition to biological factors, psychological and social factors, as well as bad living habits, lifestyles, and behaviors are important causes of many diseases and deaths. When paying attention to human health, looking at the problem from a "biological human" perspective is obviously not comprehensive enough. The impact of social factors and psychological factors on human health must be taken into consideration. With the deepening of this understanding, the past "biomedical model" has been transformed into a "biological-psychological-social" medical model.
The World Health Organization (WHO) stated in its Constitution in 1948: "Health is not only the absence of disease or weakness, but a state of perfect physical, mental health and social well-being." That is to say, human health is not only the absence of physical disease, soundness and weakness, but also a state of psychological and spiritual balance, and also includes good adaptation between people and society, and the achievement of harmonious coexistence with society. Man not only has a body but also a spirit; man is not only a natural person, a biological person, but also a social person. This new concept of health is a comprehensive definition of health that combines the human body with the spirit and the individual with society.
A completely healthy person is not only objectively healthy, but also should understand basic health knowledge, have the belief and awareness to pursue health, have a healthy lifestyle, and at the same time bear health responsibilities to others and society. .
There is also a state between health and disease, which we call sub-health. It often refers to the absence of clinical symptoms and signs, or the feeling of illness without clinical evidence, but there is information about potential disease tendencies, and it is in a state of low quality and psychological imbalance of body structure degradation and physiological function decline.
(2) Factors affecting health
Human health is affected by many factors. In addition to intrinsic factors such as genetics, psychology and behavior (lifestyle), the biological environment, social External factors such as the environment and natural environment are closely related to human health.
Social environment: Social environment factors include political system, social stability (war or peace), economic status, medical and health services, food and drinking water supply, community services, interpersonal relationships, cultural customs, etc., among which All are closely related to health.
Natural environment: It includes climate conditions, geographical conditions, water quality and soil conditions (including minerals), magnetic fields and rays, etc., which are also directly related to human survival and health. For example, in some areas, endemic diseases such as fluorosis, iodine deficiency disease, Kashin-Beck disease, and Keshan disease can occur due to too much or too little trace elements in water and soil.
Biological environment: mainly refers to the biological state of the environment in which people live, especially the concentration, activity and pathogenicity of organisms that cause and spread diseases. Such as viruses, bacteria and other microorganisms, mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches and other insect vectors, and mice and other animals. When the concentration of these organisms in the environment where humans live is high or they are highly pathogenic, they will inevitably pose a threat to human health.
Genetic factors: A person’s physical characteristics will be passed on to offspring, and some diseases are also hereditary, such as hemophilia, albinism, diabetes, etc.
Psychological factors: It can directly or indirectly affect health. For example, long-term psychological stress can cause high blood pressure, and sudden emotional excitement can cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Behavioral (lifestyle) factors: Unhealthy lifestyles can also directly or indirectly harm health. For example, long-term heavy smoking can lead to tracheitis, hypertension and other diseases, and even increase the risk of lung cancer and other diseases. Chances of cancer. Excessive drinking over a long period of time can damage the liver and cause other digestive problems. A high-fat and high-cholesterol diet can lead to arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease. A high-sugar diet and lack of exercise may cause diabetes.
Scientific research shows that among the above-mentioned factors that affect health, 45% of human diseases are related to lifestyle, and 60% of death factors are related to lifestyle. Unhealthy lifestyles account for 48.9% of total causes of death in the United States and 37.3% in our country. This shows that human behavioral factors have a great impact on their own health.
A person’s lifestyle is largely influenced by his family in the early stages, such as eating habits, hygiene habits (such as toothbrushing habits), and daily living habits. However, as age increases, people will gradually adjust their behavior due to the influence of the surrounding environment, and will form relatively fixed behavioral habits after entering youth and adulthood. Such as whether you pay attention to hygiene, whether you like sports, whether you like to communicate with others, whether you smoke and drink, etc. These behavioral habits, that is, lifestyle, will have a long-term impact on their health.
In 1992, the World Health Organization proposed the "four cornerstones" of a healthy lifestyle - a reasonable diet, moderate exercise, and smoking cessation - in response to the main hazards affecting modern people's health - bad behaviors and lifestyles. Limit alcohol and maintain mental balance. If this could be done, the life expectancy of the global population could be extended by more than 10 years.
1. Reasonable diet. That is, nutrition should be comprehensive and balanced. It is advisable to be 80% full for each meal. The staple food should be a combination of fine grains and miscellaneous grains. Reduce the intake of animal fats and sweets. Eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, soy products and milk. Limit the amount of salt. The daily salt intake per person of no more than 6 grams.
2. Exercise moderately. The most important thing about exercise is persistence and moderation. The program should vary from person to person. You can do mild to moderate exercise 5 times a week, for about half an hour each time. Young and middle-aged people can play ball and run long distances. Middle-aged and elderly people can walk briskly, jog, and ride bicycles. Moderate exercise is an important factor in preventing and eliminating fatigue and ensuring health and longevity.
3. Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption. Smoking and drinking are the enemies of health. Smoking is an important harmful factor leading to many diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, lung cancer, bronchitis, and emphysema. People of any age can reap real health benefits by quitting smoking. According to scientists' years of experiments, they have found that smokers' internal organs will undergo a series of beneficial changes after quitting smoking: Within 20 minutes: blood pressure drops to standard levels; pulse drops to standard speed; temperature of hands and feet rises to standard body temperature. Within 8 hours: the carbon monoxide content in the blood decreases to normal levels; the oxygen content in the blood increases to normal levels. Within 24 hours: The risk of myocardial infarction is reduced. Within 48 hours: The function of nerve endings gradually begins to recover; the sense of smell and taste become more sensitive to external substances. Within 72 hours: Bronchial spasm no longer occurs, breathing becomes much more comfortable, and lung capacity increases. 2 weeks to one month: blood circulation is stable; walking is steady and light; lung function improves by 30%. 1 to 9 months: Symptoms such as cough, sinus congestion, fatigue, and shortness of breath are reduced; new cilia appear on the mucosa of the trachea and bronchi, and the function of processing mucus is enhanced; phlegm is reduced, the lungs are cleaner, and the chance of infection is reduced; the body's energy Reserves increase; weight can increase by 2_3 kg. Within 1 year: The risk of coronary artery disease is reduced to half that of smokers.
This year is the first year that our government has committed to implement the Global Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. We hope that our medical staff will be at the forefront of the tobacco control army. For the health of you and your family, please do not smoke. If you have difficulty quitting smoking for a while, you should limit your daily smoking and gradually reduce it until you quit smoking completely. Drink less alcohol and avoid highly alcoholic drinks. Frequent or excessive drinking will affect your health.
4. Psychological balance. Mental balance is the most important. To maintain psychological balance, we need to achieve the following points: three happiness: helping others, being content with what we have, and enjoying ourselves. Three Rightes: Treat yourself correctly, treat others correctly, and treat society correctly. Three requirements: not only to contribute to society wholeheartedly, but also to savor a beautiful life; to be enterprising in career but also to have a normal mind in life; to strive for excellence in one's job and to be multi-faceted. Colorful spare time life.
(3) The concept of health education
Since the early 1980s, when health education was officially introduced into our country, health education has been familiar to many people. Health education is an activity and process carried out by means of dissemination, education, and intervention, with the goal of helping individuals and groups change unhealthy behaviors and establish healthy behaviors, and with the purpose of promoting health.
Health education is to prevent and control diseases and promote health as the main starting point. Through planned, organized and systematic educational activities, it encourages people to voluntarily adopt behaviors that are beneficial to their health and eliminate or reduce risk factors. , reduce morbidity, disability and mortality, improve life and quality of life, and evaluate the effectiveness of education. The core of health education is to change people's behavior and lifestyle and the environmental conditions that affect behavior and lifestyle changes. Health education is a planned, purposeful, and evaluated educational activity, not just radio and television, posters, slogans, etc. It emphasizes the mutual cooperation between health educators and those receiving education. Let’s work together to achieve the goal of health.
It is the unification of changing the knowledge, concepts and behaviors of education objects. The relationship between these three is as follows: knowledge is the foundation, faith is the driving force, and action is the goal. Its purpose is to eliminate or reduce risk factors that affect health, prevent disease, promote health and improve quality of life.
(4) Health Promotion
The "Ottawa**" published at the First International Health Promotion Conference held in Ottawa, Canada, in 1986 pointed out: Health promotion is to encourage people to improve their health , the process of maintaining and improving their own health. The World Health Organization has defined health promotion as follows: Health promotion is the process of promoting people to maintain and improve their own health. It is a strategy to coordinate between humans and their environment, and stipulates the respective responsibilities of individuals and society for health. Its basic connotation includes two aspects: personal behavior change and government behavior (social environment) change.
Based on our country’s practical experience and cultural background, we define health promotion as: making full use of administrative means to extensively mobilize and coordinate individuals, families, communities and relevant departments of society to fulfill their respective responsibilities for health. ***A social behavior that maintains and promotes health. Health promotion is based on health education, but compared with health education, it is more social and focuses on social functions.
Health promotion has the following functions
Promote the formulation of public policies that are conducive to health
Create a supportive environment. Through health promotion, government departments can generate common understanding and action. Keeping people healthy is the common responsibility of relevant government departments and the whole society. We must formulate and implement corresponding policies, implement extensive departmental cooperation, and create a social and natural environment that is conducive to health.
Promote social mobilization and strengthen community action. Social mobilization is a core strategy for health promotion. Fully mobilize community forces, actively and effectively participate in the formulation of health care plans and the construction of a healthy environment, and provide community residents with a good living environment and community health services.
Carry out health education and develop personal skills. By providing health information, conducting cognitive education and health care skills training, we help people establish health concepts and improve their ability to make healthy behavioral choices. For example, we can help pregnant women obtain knowledge about maternal and childbirth health care, so that they can actively choose systemic health care and hospital delivery to promote maternal and child safety.
Promote the adjustment of the direction of health services. Develop community health services and community health promotion, and establish a health care network system that is conducive to health. Through multi-department collaboration and community participation, we optimize the selection of health service projects and adjust the focus of health services to the areas and populations in greatest need.
However, many people do not really understand the meaning of health education and health promotion, and often regard health education, health promotion and health publicity as the same. In fact, there are important differences between health education, health promotion and health publicity.
Hygienic publicity is an important means of health education. Health education is the deepening of health propaganda in content, expansion in scope and expansion in function.
Health education must be guided and supported by the strategic thinking of health promotion. It not only changes the understanding level of individual groups and the ability to adopt behaviors beneficial to health through health education, but also must rely on health promotion policies, resources, The support provided by the environment ultimately promotes changes in people's behavior and lifestyle.
Health promotion also requires health education and health publicity to promote and implement it, that is, through communication and education activities, promote the attention and participation of various departments in health education, and promote the concepts and ideas of policy makers and social leadership groups. Behavioral changes to achieve support for health-related causes and activities.