(Compendium of Materia Medica)

The aliases are Reed (Bao Puzi), Jing Sanling (Kaibao Materia Medica), Hong Pugen (Materia Medica Illustration) and Guang Sanling (Medicinal Materials Compilation).

The source is tuber of Sparganium nigrum, Sparganum nigrum and Sparganum tenuifolium.

Plant Morphology ① Sparganum nigrum (disaster relief herb), also known as Siegesbeckiae (Ady) and Sparganum nigrum (Schizonepeta tenuifolia).

Perennial herbs. The roots are sideways, and short tubers are produced below. The stem is erect, cylindrical and smooth, with a height of 50 ~ 100 cm. Leaves clustered, 2 rows; The leaves are linear, 60 ~ 95 cm long and 2 cm wide, with 1 longitudinal edge on the back, blunt tip and stipe at the base. Flowering stems are extracted from leaves, solitary and sometimes branched; Flowers unisexual, with complete heads and leaflike bracts; The male inflorescence is located in the upper part of the female inflorescence, with a diameter of about 10 mm, usually 2 ~10; The diameter of female inflorescence is more than 1.2 mm, usually1~ 3; Male perianth 3 ~ 4, oblanceolate; Stamens 3; Female flowers are female, pistil 1, rarely 2, ovary spindle-shaped, stigma 3 ~ 4 mm long, filiform. The fruit is drupe-shaped, obovate-conical, 6 ~ 10 mm long, 4 ~ 8 mm in diameter, with sharp tip and persistent perianth. The flowering period is from June to July. The fruiting period is July-August.

Born in ponds or ditches. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and other places.

② Sparganum nigrum

Perennial herbs. Rhizomes are short and bear many tubers. The stem is 40 ~ 60 cm high, the leaves are wide and linear, and the length is 45 ~ 55 cm; 6 ~ 8 mm wide. Male inflorescence is located above female inflorescence, sessile, usually 5 ~ 7, with leaflike bracts; 3 ~ 6 female inflorescences; Male flowers have linear anthers and filiform flowers; Female flower ovary obovate, style persistent, slightly hooked. Fruit drupe-shaped; Spindle-shaped, dark brown when mature.

Born in ponds and ditches. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei and other places.

③ Trigonella foenum-graecum

Morphological characteristics are short rhizome and small tuber; Leaf blade is narrowly linear, 45 ~ 70 cm long and 3 ~ 4 mm wide.

Born in swamps, ditches, etc. Distributed in Northeast China, Hebei and other places.

You can harvest in autumn and winter. After digging out the tuber, remove the stem, leaves and fibrous roots, wash, peel and dry in the sun.

The dried tubers of medicinal materials are conical: oblate and oval, with an upper circle and a lower tip, 2.5-5 cm long and a diameter of 1.5-3.5 cm. The surface is yellowish white or grayish yellow, delicate or rough, with knife marks and dense punctate fibrous root marks, slightly arranged in a horizontal ring, with bumps and bumps on both sides. Strong, extremely difficult to break. The section is flat, yellowish white or grayish white, dark inward, and there are many inconspicuous vascular bundles in the middle. The smell is weak, the taste is light, and the chewing is slightly spicy. It is best to have uniform and solid weight, clean skin and yellow-white surface.

Location: Jiangsu, Henan, Shandong and western China. Liaoning, Anhui, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Hubei and other places also produce.

In addition, there is a tuber of Cyperaceae-Jingsanliang, which is also used as fenugreek in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Jiangsu and other places. Commodities are commonly known as "black fenugreek" (this is the black fenugreek recorded in Kaibao Materia Medica) or "fenugreek with skin". Jingsanliang is a perennial herb with a height of 70 ~ 150 cm. Rootstock transverse, with spherical tubers at the apex. Stems are obviously trigonous. The leaves are flat, linear, 20 ~ 30 cm long and 5 ~ 10 mm wide, and the base is sheath-like. Cymes with long lateral branches have 3 ~ 8 radial branches; Each radial branch has 1 ~ 3 (~ 4) spikelets; Spikelets are oblong, with a length of 1 ~ 2 cm and a width of 6 ~ 8 (~ 10) mm; Scales membranous, about 7 mm long, pubescent outside, awned at the top, 2 ~ 3 mm long; Bristles 6; Stamens 3, pistil 1, stigma 3. Nutlets trigonous. The medicinal materials are nearly spherical or inverted conical, about 3 ~ 4 cm long and about 2 ~ 3 cm in diameter. The surface is dark brown or reddish brown, with wrinkles and few fibrous roots; The appearance of the skinner is similar to the above varieties; Light and solid, flat and yellow in cross section, with scattered vascular bundles; A slight breath, a faint taste.

The chemical component Sparganum nigrum contains 0.05% volatile oil.

Processing of Rhizoma Sparganii: cleaning impurities, soaking in water, taking out and fully wetting, slicing and drying. Sauté ed Rhizoma Sparganii: Soak the cleaned Rhizoma Sparganii in a boiling water pot. When it is 50% to 60% transparent, add vinegar and cook until it is 80% transparent. Stop adding water, cease fire, put it in the pot for a while, suck up the remaining soup, take it out, air dry until the skin is dry, slice it and air dry. (per load 100 kg, vinegar 30 kg)

Bitter and bitter, plain.

(1) Notes on Materia Medica: "Gan Ping, Wen."

2 "Rihuazi Herbal Medicine": "Sweet and astringent, cool in nature."

3 "Kaibao Materia Medica": "It tastes bitter, flat and non-toxic."

4 Herbal supplement: "Hard work."

Meridian enters the liver. Spleen meridian

① Explanation of the nature of Lei Gong's processed drugs: "Into the lung and spleen."

(2) Herbal Shu Shu: "Entering Foot Jueyin and Taiyin."

The function is mainly used for breaking blood, promoting qi circulation, promoting digestion and relieving pain. Treat abdominal mass, qi stagnation and blood stasis, chest pain, hypochondriac swelling pain, amenorrhea, postpartum abdominal pain due to blood stasis, and traumatic injury. The sore is swollen and hard.

① "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Treat women's blood vessels, abdominal pain, abortion, aversion to blood, fatigue, menstruation, flatulence, blood stasis, postpartum abdominal pain, blood circulation and blood stasis."

2 "Kaibao Materia Medica": "Teachers are fond of blocks."

③ Medical origin: "Treating diaphragmatic pain, not eating, breaking qi."

(4) Wang: "Shugan Jing, accumulate blood. It is difficult to treat sores and swelling. "

Oral administration and dosage: decocted, 1.5 ~ 3 yuan; I still took the pills and dispersed them.

It is advisable to avoid qi deficiency, blood deficiency, amenorrhea and pregnant women.

① The Origin of Medicine: "Breaking qi impairs the truth, but those with qi deficiency don't need it."

2 Pinhui Essence: "Do not take it during pregnancy."

8 "Depei Materia Medica": "Those with anemia should not use it."

Scheme 1: cure miasma: cut fenugreek into one stone, use five stones in water, boil one stone, remove residue, fry for three times, fry it in a heavy cauldron with bronze ware, such as thick sugar, and then take a dagger with a glass of wine twice a day, and the alcohol will continue every time. ("Thousands of Women Spread their Wings" Sanjiang Caotang)

(2) Treating five accumulation and six accumulation, seven diseases and eight dysentery, breaking blood and exhausting gas: one or two of rhubarb (simmering), borax, sparganium (simmering and cutting), dry paint (frying) and croton (peeling and oil). The top is the powder, and vinegar is boiled into pills, such as mung beans. Take three tablets at a time, or five or seven tablets. Take it according to the actual situation and take it under the hollow rice soup. ("Medical Consultation" Sanling Pill)

(3) It is not feasible to treat female sleeping with blood, and the infraumbilical knot is as big as a cup. If you don't heal for a long time, it will become a bloody trick: Jing Sanling and Peng Shu each have two or two, Daphne genkwa and a half, and the green husk (removed) is one and a half. File as big as a bean, use 1 liter of vinegar, boil it dry, bake it into fine powder, and paste it into pills with vinegar. Take 50 capsules each time, and make soup with light vinegar before eating. ("Fang Jisheng" Sanliang Wan Jian)

④ Treatment of amenorrhea due to blood stasis and pain in the small membrane: Sparganium San Qian, Angelica San Qian, Carthamus tinctorius 1.50 Yuan and Radix Rehmanniae 4 Yuan. Decoct with water. (Handbook of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Xinjiang)

⑤ Treatment of postpartum symptoms: one or two parts of Rhizoma Sparganii (slightly boiling, filed flat), half part of Radix Aucklandiae, three parts of sal ammoniac (finely ground), half part of Daphne genkwa (fried with vinegar) and one part of croton (heart removed, peeled and wrapped with paper to remove oil). Apply the medicine, pound it into powder, grind the former pieces of sal ammoniac and croton evenly, add 2 liters of rice vinegar, and boil half. Add all the medicines, and simmer until it is thick and thick, that is, the pill is as big as mung bean. Take two capsules each dose with vinegar soup. ("Three Recipes" Sanling Pill)

⑥ Treatment of dyspepsia and abdominal distension: San Qian was used for Rhizoma Sparganii and Raphanus sativus. Decoct with water. (Handbook of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Xinjiang)

⑦ Treatment of chronic hepatitis or persistent hepatitis: Rhizoma Sparganii, Rhizoma Curcumae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, San Qian, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Rhizoma Imperatae and San Qian. Decoct with water. (Handbook of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Xinjiang).

Remind you: sparganosis comes from the network, please follow the doctor's advice before use.