Appreciation:

This is a poem praising peony. The author endows peony with a strong character and describes how it dares to bloom alone at the end of spring and become the king among flowers. The tall image and boldness are actually hints at the leader of the peasant uprising through the King of Flowers Peony, thus praising Huang Chao's boldness and revolutionary spirit for daring to resist reality and dominate the world.

The sentence "When all the remaining red leaves are gone, the fragrance begins to bloom" suddenly leads people to a world at the end of spring, allowing people to see the fallen red everywhere, a ruined and messy scene, which makes people feel It’s hard to fix the falling red, but it’s a pity that spring is about to pass. But it is in this late spring season when hundreds of flowers are in bloom, the "Peony Fairy", known as the king of flowers, stands tall and graceful, blooming alone, and begins to exude a refreshing fragrance, making people feel the hope of spring despite disappointment.

The second sentence of "The good name is called the King of Flowers" closely follows the meaning of the previous sentence. Just like calling Huang Chao a "sage", the poet also believes that peonies can bloom in the late spring when "after my flowers bloom, hundreds of flowers will kill them" The world is frighteningly full of life, and its pistils are in full bloom, trying to seize the spring glory. It should ascend to the throne of the King of Flowers and enjoy the good name of "King of Flowers".

The third sentence of "Competing to praise the unparalleled beauty in the world" writes that the peony is fragrant and beautiful, and its flowers spread thousands of miles, which is unparalleled in the world. On the surface, he praised "peonies as the most fragrant flowers" and "peony fairies" as the best in the world. In fact, they were full of praise for Huang Chao, the "general who rose to the sky", and was also the voice of the people in praising the leader of the uprising.

The last sentence of "The First Fragrance in the Independent World" continues the previous sentence to describe the beauty of flowers. The poet believes that peonies are not only gorgeous in color, upright and generous, and full of the style of a great country. They are known as the "national flower" and are also the most fragrant in the world. , the flowers are fragrant thousands of miles away. And because the peonies are blooming at the end of late spring, when all the flowers are withering, the poet praised the peonies for standing majestically and alone, blooming alone, and fragrant all over the world. It is the best flower fragrance in the world.

The original text of "Peony" written by Pi Rixiu in the Tang Dynasty:

When all the remaining red leaves are gone, the fragrance begins to bloom, and the good name is called the King of Flowers.

Competingly boasting that she is the most beautiful woman in the world and the most independent woman in the world.

Translation:

In late spring when all the flowers are in bloom, the ground is red, but the peonies stand tall and graceful, exuding a refreshing fragrance, and are called the king of flowers. Peonies are fragrant and beautiful, and their flowers spread thousands of miles away. They are unparalleled in the world. When they stand alone, they are the most fragrant flowers in the world.

Extended information

In the eighth year of Yizong's Xiantong reign (867), Pi Rixiu ascended to the rank of Jinshi. The following year he traveled eastward to Suzhou. In the tenth year of Xiantong, he worked as the governor of Suzhou. He met Lu Guimeng and made peace with him. Later, he entered Beijing as Dr. Taichang and became deputy envoy of Piling. In the fifth year of Qianfu of Emperor Xizong (878), Huang Chao's army went to Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and Pi Rixiu was acquired by Huang Chao. Huang Chao entered Chang'an and proclaimed himself emperor, and Pi Rixiu was appointed as a Hanlin bachelor.

Pi Rixiu came from a humble background. Although all of his existing works were completed before participating in the peasant uprising, his works have a very obvious humanistic color due to his in-depth understanding of social reality and the suffering of the people. He satirizes the dark reality and sympathizes with the people.

Pi Rixiu's works include "Pizi Wensou", which contains 200 articles and 1 volume of poems. He and Lu Guimeng are called "Pi Lu" together, and they have a collection of songs and songs called "Songling Collection". Most of his poems criticized current ills and sympathized with the people's sufferings. They reflected the social reality of the late Tang Dynasty, exposed the corruption of the ruling class, and reflected the exploitation and oppression suffered by the people.

Some scholars believe that Pi Rixiu is "an intellectual who cares about the country and the people" and "a thinker who is good at thinking." Lu Xun commented that Pi Rixiu "is a shining edge in a messy mire."

The extant poems and essays by Pi Rixiu were all written before he joined the Huangchao Uprising, including "Worry Fu", "Heqiao Fu", "Huoshan Fu", "Peach Blossom Fu", "Nine Satires", " "Shi Yuan", "Lumen Yin Shu", etc. were written for the purpose of achieving something.

His poems have two different styles: one inherits Bai Juyi's New Yuefu tradition, represented by the ten poems of "Zheng Yuefu"; the other follows Han Yu's path of adventurous adventures, with his work in Suzhou At that time, he sang with Lu Guimeng and described the landscape of Wuzhong as a representative.

Baidu Encyclopedia--Peony