Polygonum multiflorum Thunb is a perennial twining vine of Polygonaceae. The root is long and thin, and the end is a big root with reddish-brown to dark brown appearance. "Materia Medica": "Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. is everywhere today. The winner is Xiluo Songshan Mountain and Zhecheng County in Nanjing. Spring seedlings have leaves that are relatively dull like sweet potatoes. Its stems spread between bamboo and wood walls. The seed is as small as buckwheat, but as big as millet. Take the roots in autumn and winter, the big ones are like fists, each with five-sided petals, like small melons. " The tuberous roots, rattan stems and leaves of plants can all be used for medicine. The traditional Chinese medicine names are Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, Polygonum multiflorum Thunb and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, a traditional Chinese medicine, can be divided into raw Polygonum multiflorum Thunb and prepared Polygonum multiflorum Thunb: raw Polygonum multiflorum Thunb has the functions of detoxifying (carrying malaria), relaxing bowels and eliminating carbuncle; Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata has the functions of nourishing essence and blood, blackening hair, strengthening bones and muscles, and nourishing liver and kidney. You can check the latest price at Dayouheng Chinese Herbal Medicine Library.

morphological character

Perennial herbs. Sun-loving, semi-shade-tolerant, wet-loving and waterlogging-fearing, requiring well-drained soil. The tuberous root is thick, oblong and dark brown. Stems twining, 2-4 meters long, multi-branched, with longitudinal edges, hairless, slightly rough, lignified at the lower part. The leaves are ovate or oblong, 3-7 cm long and 2-5 cm wide, the top is tapered, the base is heart-shaped or nearly heart-shaped, both sides are rough, and the edges are entire; Petiole length1.5-3cm; Stipules sheaths membranous, oblique, glabrous, 3-5 mm long. Inflorescence conical, terminal or axillary, long 10-20 cm, branched, with thin longitudinal edges, densely covered with small protrusions along the edges; Bracts triangular-ovate, with small protrusions and sharp tips, with 2-4 flowers in each bract; Pedicel slender, 2-3 mm long, with joints at the lower part, and prolonged at fruit; Perianth 5 is deeply divided, white or light green, with oval tepals and unequal sizes. The outer 3 pieces are larger with wings on the back, which increases when fruit is produced. Perianth is nearly round in shape and 6-7 mm in diameter when fruit is produced. Stamens 8, The lower part of filament is wider; Style 3, Very short, stigma capitate. Achene ovoid, 3-angled, 2.5-3 mm long, dark brown and shiny, enclosed in persistent perianth. The flowering period is August-September and the fruiting period is September 9- 10/October. [ 1][2][3]

ecological environment

Born in valley thickets, forests on hillsides and stone crevices beside ditches at an altitude of 200-3000m. [2]

geographical distribution

Produced in southwestern Shaanxi, southern Gansu, eastern China, central China, southern China, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou. Japan also has it. [2]

Efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine

Detoxification, carbuncle elimination, laxative. Used for treating carbuncle, furuncle, sore, rubella, pruritus, intestinal dryness and constipation; Hyperlipidemia. ? 1. Osteomalacia (pain in waist and knees, itching all over, difficulty walking). Soak Polygonum Multiflori Radix (preferably with patterns) and Achyranthes bidentata in good wine for seven nights, take it out, dry it, mash it, add jujube meat and make it into balls, which are as big as wuzi. Take thirty to fifty pills each time. Empty clothes, wine to send down. ? 2. My skin hurts (I don't know where it hurts). Use Polygonum Multiflori Radix powder and ginger juice to make paste and apply it. After applying it, wrap it in cloth and press the soles with fire. ? 3. Self-sweating. Use Polygonum Multiflori Radix powder, adjust saliva, and seal the umbilicus. ? 4. Blood flows under the intestinal wind. Use Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. and grind it into powder. Two yuan for each meal, before meals, and rice soup. ? 5. blood is broken. Apply with the end of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. There are special effects. ? 6. Tuberculosis of scrofula (broken or unbroken, can be treated down to the chest), washed with Polygonum multiflorum roots, chewed raw every day, and mashed leaves and applied to the affected area. ? 7. carbuncle and sore. Use an unlimited amount of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., decoct it on a civil and military fire, add the same amount of wine, decoct it several times, store the wine and drink it at any time; Bake the residue, grind it into powder, and cook the noodles with wine to make balls, which are as big as wuzi. Take 30 pills each time, hollow clothes and warm wine. After recovery, the medicine can be taken frequently. ? 8. Strong winds and diseases. Soak a catty of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (preferably large and patterned) in rice water for seven days, steam and sun it several times, add four ounces of flax, steam and sun it again, grind it into powder, and take it twice a day at two yuan each time. ? 9.scabies. Divide Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. and Folium Polygoni Multiflori into equal parts, decoct in water and wash in thick soup? Bath can relieve pain and promote muscle growth. It is also effective to take a bath with the stems and leaves of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. ? Efficacy and function of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. 1. Pharmacological effects related to efficacy and indications? (1) Promote hematopoietic function? The yield of granulocyte progenitor cells was significantly higher than that of normal saline control group by subcutaneous injection of 0.2g of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb solution twice a day for 3 days. After intraperitoneal injection of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. extract 50mg/kg for 3 days in mice, the number of hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow was significantly increased, the production rate of granulocyte-monocytic progenitor cells in mice was also significantly increased, and the value of erythroid progenitor cells in bone marrow was significantly increased. ? (2) Enhance immune function? Polygonum multiflorum Thunb has obvious antagonistic effect on the inhibitory changes of spleen and thymus in aged mice caused by prednisolone and cyclophosphamide, and the phagocytosis rate and phagocytosis index of splenic macrophages are obviously improved. Feeding ethanol extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb can obviously improve peripheral lymphocytes in aged rats? DNA damage repair ability. Does the mouse feed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb? 6g/kg, continuous administration? On the 7th day, it can obviously improve the phagocytic ability of peritoneal macrophages, and has obvious antagonistic effect on the decrease of phagocytic index caused by prednisolone. ? (3) Hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerosis? Rats with hyperlipidemia were given Polygonum multiflorum Thunb daily. 4g/kg, continuous? 10 day can significantly reduce the contents of serum total cholesterol (TC) and serum triglyceride (TG) in rats. For quails with hyperlipidemia, continuous intragastric administration of Polygonum multiflorum for 4 weeks can significantly reduce the serum TC content and increase it. HDL/TC ratio Another experiment proved that Polygonum multiflorum Thunb can not only reduce the TC content, but also reduce the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis model rabbits by gavage for 7 days. Polygonum multiflorum water extract? 32g/kg feeding mice 1 month can significantly improve? HDL-? C level After 90 days, Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. was mixed into the feed and fed to rats, HDL-C was also significantly increased, while TG and TC were not significantly changed, and β lipoprotein was obviously inhibited. The ratio of plasma HDL-C/TC was significantly increased by gavage of Polygonum Multiflori Radix ethanol extract to quails with rapid atherosclerosis for 6 weeks, especially in high dose group. All groups have the effect of delaying atherosclerosis. The effective components of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. in reducing blood lipid and cholesterol include anthraquinones, diphenyl compounds and lecithin. ? (4) protecting the liver? Diphenyl compounds contained in Polygonum Multiflori Radix have obvious antagonistic effects on fatty liver and liver function damage, liver lipid peroxide increase, serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase increase in rats caused by corn oil peroxide, and reduce the contents of serum free fatty acids and liver lipid peroxide. In vitro, it can inhibit the growth of ADP, ADP, ADP and ADP. Lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes induced by NADPH. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb also has the function of increasing liver glycogen. Raw Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., processed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. with black bean juice and steamed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. The hepatomegaly caused by CCl4 reduces the liver weight coefficient. ? (5) delay aging, and modern surveys have vitamin E to stop wrinkles from regenerating. ? The decoction of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. fed to aged mice or young mice can obviously increase the content of protein in brain and liver, and improve the DNA repair ability of the aged body. The ethanol extract and water extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb can increase the content of thymic cytoplasmic protein and nucleic acid in aged rats to varying degrees. ? The anti-aging effect of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb is related to its antioxidant effect. The activity of SOD in blood can be obviously enhanced by oral administration of Polygonum Multiflori Radix decoction concentrated solution in aged mice. Processed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. has a certain effect on antioxidation. Both the new processed products and the old processed products can obviously improve the SOD activity in whole blood and brain tissue of mice, and can reduce the LPO content in heart, liver and brain tissue and blood of mice. The raw products have no obvious effect on SOD and LPO. Alcohol extract or water extract of Polygonum Multiflori Radix can increase SOD content and decrease LPO content in heart, liver and brain of aged rats to varying degrees. ? (6) Effects on endocrine? Long-term intragastric administration of Polygonum Multiflori Radix decoction concentrate can significantly increase the weight of adrenal gland in mice. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb also has the function similar to adrenal cortex, which can obviously improve the stress ability of mice with bilateral adrenal glands removed and reduce the mortality rate of mice caused by freezing. Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata can promote the accumulation of hepatic glycogen in mice starved by norepinephrine, and make the hepatic glycogen increase obviously. The effect of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb on blood sugar has a certain time-effect relationship. After oral administration of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb decoction to rabbits, the blood sugar rose to a peak within 30 and 60 minutes, then gradually decreased, and the blood sugar was lower than normal after 6 hours. Rat liver insulin receptor has two kinds of receptors: high affinity and low volume, and low affinity and high volume. The binding capacity of old mice is significantly reduced, but the affinity is unchanged. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb has no obvious effect on the two parameters of capacity and affinity. ? (7) Runchang laxative? Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. is used raw, which has a strong laxative effect. Its effective component chrysophanol can promote the intestinal movement of animals. Some patients with hyperlipidemia have increased stool frequency and diarrhea after taking it. ? 2. Other pharmacological effects? It has been reported that all kinds of processed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (raw Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., steamed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. with wine, steamed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. with black bean juice and steamed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.) have different effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus albicans, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella typhi 90 1. Paratyphoid bacilli range from diphtheria and Streptococcus haemolyticus B.. Among them, the inhibitory effect of Radix Polygoni Multiflori decoction on Staphylococcus aureus is stronger than other processed products, and the inhibitory effect of Radix Polygoni Multiflori decoction on Staphylococcus albus, Radix Polygoni Multiflori decoction steamed with wine and Radix Rehmanniae juice on Diphtheria is stronger than other Radix Polygoni Multiflori decoctions. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb has certain inhibitory effect on influenza virus. In addition, Polygonum multiflorum Thunb has the effects of slowing heart rate, dilating coronary artery and resisting myocardial ischemia. ? To sum up, the pharmacological effects related to the effects of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. on nourishing liver and kidney, nourishing essence and blood, blackening hair and strengthening bones and muscles are promoting hematopoietic function, improving immune function, reducing blood fat, resisting atherosclerosis, protecting liver, delaying aging, affecting endocrine function, moistening intestines and relaxing bowels, etc. The material basis of Polygonum Multiflori Radix's efficacy is mainly phospholipids, anthraquinones, glucosides and other components.