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Thousand-year-old snow-covered evergreen pine, straight to the highest peak in the world, why is Changbai Mountain the first mountain in Northeast China?
The misty Changbai Mountain is a place where countless Northeast people dream. Photography/Chang Jianru

-Wind, scenery and words-

Changbai Mountain, Hainan Island

The Spiritual Home of Northeastern People

Most of the mountains in the northeast have a particularly grounded name, such as:

Eagle's beak, big bald head, old bald head, chimney, three tops ... bring your own northeast accent and sense of humor.

However, there is a mountain whose painting style has changed, and it is as independent as the world in the northeast. She is the "northeast roof";

Changbai Mountain

Looking from afar, Changbai Mountain in winter is wrapped in silver.

In Shan Hai Jing, she is called "not salty mountain", which is like white salt and salty without salt. Wei and Jin Dynasties were "Mount Tai" and Sui and Tang Dynasties were "Mount Tai". She is the sacred mountain of all ethnic groups in Northeast China, the mythical birthplace of Manchu. She is also the gatekeeper of Wu Xie and Zhang Qiling's "Ten-year Covenant" in Tomb Raider Notes.

Changbai Mountain is covered with snow all the year round, covered with mist, like an elder dressed in white, always solemn and heavy. Today, the name of Changbai Mountain is given a romantic explanation: stay together for a long time and grow old together.

Between Changbai Mountain, the waterfall falls like a wisp of white practice. Photography/Wen Jialin

However, Changbai Mountain in the long history is not only "white". As a volcano, when it erupted frequently in ancient times, it turned the whole northeast into another color. Now, the traces of the volcano are fading away, and she looks down at the world silently in dormancy, and raises the land under her feet in various ways.

Snow glaciers cut out the rugged hilltops, and flowers are everywhere on the hillsides in summer. Photography/Chang Jianru

On the one hand, she "melts ice and fire" and combines two wonders of snow-capped mountains and volcanoes; On the one hand, it "builds mountains and rivers", nurtures the three rivers and makes the northeast a water town in the north; On the one hand, "pregnant creatures" raise precious animals and plants with intact forest ecology; On the one hand, "Ze Wan Min", the glacier snow water and underground mineral springs here nourish countless creatures.

Fishermen in Ji 'an City, south of Changbai Mountain, are casting nets for fishing. Figure/Qiu Huining

"White Mountain and Black Water" feeds this fertile land in Kanto. Changbai Mountain is not only the geographical and cultural origin in the hearts of the northeast people, but also the countless fascinating stories around her majestic body, which are enough to define the northeast.

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Melting ice and fire: a snowy mountain and a volcano.

The vast expanse of forest and snowy plains, all wrapped in silver, is people's first impression of Changbai Mountain, and probably also the first impression of foreigners on Northeast China.

At the foot of Changbai Mountain, a deep forest covered with snow. Figure/vision china

Changbai Mountain, with high altitude and high latitude, is still in the meeting zone between the warm and humid air current in the Sea of Japan and the cold current in Siberia, which makes it rainy and snowy, and the snow-covered period is as long as 9 months. After long summer passed in May, most parts of the country changed into summer clothes one after another, but the peak of Changbai Mountain was still covered with snow. The rime landscape that can only be formed under the conditions of low temperature and sufficient water vapor can also be seen everywhere.

In the winter of the sky, the snow-covered Changbai Mountain looks extremely sacred, and the ink of nature is generously left blank in this landscape painting.

After winter, the peak of Changbai Mountain is black and white, which is really beautiful. Photography/Yu Wang

However, the "white dress" fluttering with fairy dust is not all of Changbai Mountain, and she still has a burning "heart". As a compound active volcano, the smoke billowed and the magma was everywhere, which was her original appearance. In ancient times, the whole land in Northeast China was burned, leaving a large volcanic geological structure. The last eruption of Changbai Mountain was about 300 years ago, and it has been silent ever since.

A barren rock wall after volcanic eruption. Photography/Zuo Ximing

Climbing to the peak of Changbai Mountain, the towering and sharp volcanic cone pierces the sky, surrounded by volcanic pebbles and pumice that collapsed after volcanic lava weathering. On the crater rock wall, gray, white and Huang San alternate with each other, which looks like a sawtooth. Magma once flowed on the hillside, and today's deep valleys and gullies are the remains of glacier erosion.

The towering and sharp volcanic cone around Tianchi Lake. Photography/Yu Wang

The "ice and fire romance" interwoven with volcanoes and snow-capped mountains has shaped the unique scenery of Changbai Mountain today.

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The mountains and rivers in Liaoning, Shuijilin, Xuelongjiang and the three northeastern provinces are blessed by the same giant, which is a Changbai Mountain that is much bigger than our common cognition.

Changbai Mountain Range is the "wall" in the east of Northeast China, and Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve is located at the core. Cartography /monk

In a narrow sense, Changbai Mountain refers to the main peak and vein of Changbai Mountain. Broadly speaking, Changbai Mountain starts from Wanda Mountain on the banks of Wusuli River in the north and reaches Laotieshan Mountain on the coast of Bohai Sea in the south, which is the whole Changbai Mountain system stretching over 1300 kilometers.

Along the Songhua River, endless flat farmland. Photography/Chang Jianru

This huge mountain system is entrenched in the east of Northeast China. Together with Daxing 'anling in the west and Xiaoxing 'anling in the north, it surrounds the Northeast into a horseshoe-shaped wall and breeds many rivers in the Northeast. Tumen River and Yalu River run out here and become the "moat" in the northeast. Songhua River also connects 80% of the lakes in Jilin Province in series, especially when it meets Nenjiang River in the northwest of Jilin Province, many tributaries converge centripetally, making this area full of marshes, becoming one of the areas with the highest lake density in China, and forming a veritable "Northeast Water Town".

Many bubbles in the water town of Jilin. Cartography /monk

In addition to rivers, volcanic movements have also formed many volcanic lakes. Tianchi Lake is the most spectacular scenery left by the eruption of Changbai Mountain volcano.

Snow scene of Tianchi Lake in Changbai Mountain.

Along the steep slope road with nine twists and eighteen bends, when approaching the top of the mountain, the line of sight suddenly becomes clear, "the peak comes out of Pinghu", and it is a flat lake as far as the eye can see. Tianchi Lake is the largest crater lake in China and the deepest lake in China. Although the area is less than 200% of Taihu Lake, the deepest part is 373 meters, and it has accumulated 2 billion cubic meters of fresh water, equivalent to half of Taihu Lake. Sixteen peaks around it lift Tianchi to an altitude of 2 180 meters.

You can see the Tianchi lake at the edge at a glance, but you can't see the end at a glance. Photography /8 10 and my story, figure/figure bug creativity

Overlooking the wall of Changbai Mountain, the narrow sense of Changbai Mountain is at the core, like a towering beacon tower. She regulates the ecological climate in Northeast China with rich and complete primitive forest forms.

In summer, this "beacon tower" loses its white clothes, and abundant rain and snow make the short summer in Changbai Mountain particularly wonderful. After the melting of ice and snow, the vegetation in the mountains is deep and the water is rushing. From the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain, different altitudes have different beautiful scenery, which can be described as "one mountain is divided into four seasons, and ten miles are different."

With the increase of altitude, vegetation presents obvious vertical distribution, "one mountain is divided into four seasons, and ten miles is different from the sky". Figure/vision china

In the forest-free zone above 2 100 meters above sea level, the average temperature is not higher than 10 degrees Celsius, but the cold does not isolate life. When the ice and snow melt, there are still colorful flowers swaying in the wind. This is a rare mountain tundra landscape, which appears in this "Arctic enclave".

In summer, flowers are everywhere on the mountain tundra near the peak of Changbai Mountain. Figure/vision china

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Pregnant creatures: the forest story of Changbai Mountain

In the eyes of the northeast mountain people, Changbai Mountain is not only a mountain, or a simple combination of images like Tianchi and Forest. Changbai Mountain is alive, like a huge living body, which breeds many lives with infinite energy.

Under the silent forest covered with snow, there is a vitality. Photography/Zhang Xiaoping

The closing of mountains and forbidding forests in the Qing Dynasty made it one of the few natural areas in ancient China that were strictly protected by the central government. This letter is 2 16 years. Therefore, Changbai Mountain forest has a rare and uninhabited primitive state, and it has become a paradise for birds and animals.

The diverse ecological environment allows all kinds of animals such as water, land and air to alternate and multiply in Changbai Mountain.

In this snowy forest, there are as many as 1588 species of wild animals and 2806 species of wild plants, many of which are basically extinct elsewhere, but thrive in Changbai Mountain.

There are Chinese merganser, which are as precious as giant pandas. They can only survive in streams in unpolluted forest areas. Therefore, they are regarded as important indicators of environmental index, and they have found the most suitable home in Changbai Mountain.

Changbai Mountain is the home of human beings and all wild animals.

There are nearly extinct wild Siberian tigers here, hiding in the depths of the jungle; There are also "Five Eyebrows" chipmunks and sparrow hawks ... living freely among the mountains and streams.

Melting snow and rain in summer nourish lush forest vegetation in low altitude areas. In Changbai Mountain, trees fall like whales, decaying trees blend into the soil and become the cradle of rare plants, such as Ganoderma lucidum, a fungus Chinese medicine, and Hericium erinaceus, which looks like a monkey's head. In Changbai Mountain, mushrooms can be seen everywhere, and there are always many wild hazel mushrooms, Tricholoma matsutake, Tricholoma gigantea, Pleurotus citrinopileatus and so on.

Ancient trees can be seen everywhere in Changbai Mountain forest area. Photography/Chen Yan

These mushrooms are nourished by Changbai Mountain, and also nourish the mountain people who rely on mountains to eat mountains. Every mushroom picking season, there are piles of mushrooms in the courtyard and on the roof of the mountain people's house. If guests come, soak in mushrooms and clean up a chicken stew of mushrooms, which is a must-have delicacy for guests in Northeast China.

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Zewanmin: Ice and snow melt into the source of life.

Snow is the soul of Changbai Mountain.

For the ancestors, the snow here is a sacred mountain that can only be seen from a distance; For animals and plants, the snow here is an excellent insulation warehouse in the cold wind. Every summer, the snow in Changbai Mountain melts into water, which nourishes all living things.

Under the snow, the river keeps flowing. Figure/vision china

Glacier snow and underground mineral springs in Changbai Mountain also support countless hot springs and cold springs around. The coexistence of cold and heat is the symphony of "ice" and "fire" in Changbai Mountain.

Changbai Mountain, as a volcano, heats the groundwater with underground magma, so many hot springs around Changbai Mountain boil all the year round, and the temperature is close to 90 degrees Celsius. The "hot spring eggs" cooked with hot springs have ripe yolk and non-solidified egg whites, which is a famous specialty of Changbai Mountain.

The melting of snow and ice in Changbai Mountain will go through a long cycle.

Near the hot springs, there are natural low-temperature springs with large water output and stable water volume, that is, cold mineral springs, which maintain a low temperature of 7 degrees all year round and are as cold as snow, but they are not frozen all year round. How did this come about?

After 270 days of snow and ice cover, in April and May every year, when the snow with a thickness of 2 meters begins to melt, the melting water of the snow-capped mountains will go through a cycle of 30-60 years. First of all, it continuously permeates, filters and migrates underground until it meets a water-blocking fault or rock mass is enriched nearby, until the mountain rock gives a huge pressure, so that the spring water gushes out of the gap again and is reborn.

Melting water of snow and ice rushing down from Changbai Mountain. Photography/Heidelberg Graphic Design, Graphic/Graphic Creativity

In this process, volcanic pumice, olivine basalt and volcanic ash in the forest ecology form a natural "filter element", which makes the spring water healthy, pure and pollution-free. When flowing in the rock stratum, snow water continuously dissolves mineral elements, so that elements such as silicon dioxide are gradually enriched in the water. The water with high content of metasilicic acid tastes soft and slightly sweet. What is even more rare is that carbon dioxide and water form an endothermic reaction under unique geological conditions, which makes the snowmelt water in Changbai Mountain keep cool at 7 degrees Celsius all the year round.

After a brand-new upgrade of water source, water quality and packaging, Nongfu Spring has launched a super new product-Nongfu Spring Changbaixue Natural Snow Mountain Mineral Water.

Long white snow originates from Lushuihe National Forest Park at the northern foot of Changbai Mountain, and the whole Changbai Mountain virgin forest is its water supply area. Less than 60 kilometers away from Tianchi, a rare metasilicic self-flowing cold mineral spring was born, which brought the taste of soft snowflakes in Changbai Mountain forest, clear, light and slightly sweet.

On the packaging, Changbaixue adheres to the ecological concept and conveys the awe of nature and respect for life. * * * There are four personalized packaging: Siberian tiger, chipmunk, Chinese merganser and sparrow hawk. Through their bodies, you can see the original pure mountain spring snow. This is the "long white snow" in the eyes of rare wild animals in Changbai Mountain.

What kind of water source breeds what kind of life in Changbai Mountain. Only the water source under good ecological environment conservation and the water source located in a healthy forest ecosystem is the water with vitality.

Between the "White Mountain and Black Water", countless fresh and agile life breeds, inhabits and grows here. A long snow, pregnant creatures, and all the people.