Chestnut seedlings to achieve flowering and fruiting generally 5 to 8 years, but there is no shortage of 2 to 3 years on the flowering and fruiting plants. Early fruitfulness is generally more productive, but the two are not necessarily linked. Hebei and Shandong most of the producing areas of the chestnut bloom period in the early to mid-June, at the time of high temperature and drought; the southern producing areas are in the rainy season, rainy and cloudy.

Chestnut pollen quantity is large, pollen small and light, bearing brown glandular capsule in the heart of the flower, can emit special gas, lure all kinds of insects, so both wind and insect-borne flowers and insect-borne flower characteristics. But chestnut pollen is easy to hygroscopic agglomeration, flying radius is generally not more than 20 meters, while the chestnut flower has incomplete pollen 5% to 15%, up to 38%, so when planting should pay attention to the pollination tree configuration, the main varieties of trees and pollination distance to no more than 15 meters for good.

Chestnut male and female flowers open at different times, there is a phenomenon of male and female heterozygosity. Male flowers bloom sign for the filament elongation, the whole inflorescence is bright yellow, from the first flower to the end of the flower can last about half a month, but the best pollination period for 3 to 5 days. Generally male inflorescences open about 8 to 10 days after the opening of female flowers. Female flowers stigma expansion, from the involucre exposed that is the flowering. After the appearance of the stigma that is capable of fertilization, pollination period in the stigma out of all 7 to 26 days, the optimal period of 9 to 13 days. In the same flower cluster, the side flowers bloom 7 to 10 days later than the center flowers, so multiple pollination can improve the fruiting rate.

Chestnut pollen direct sensory phenomenon is obvious, the parent pollen pollination to the female stigma of the female flowers, the year the nuts show some of the parent traits, mainly in the flesh color, nut size, flavor, quality, maturity, etc.. Such as pollination with large varieties of nuts to small varieties, the year produced by the chestnut nut grain weight increased; with early maturity of the parent to mature late tree pollination, the year the fruit is showing the maturity of the traits in advance. Astringent skin peeling difficulty also manifests itself in the obvious phenomenon of direct pollen, chestnut self-pollination of nuts produced by astringent skin almost all easier to peel, if the Japanese chestnut to chestnut pollination, most of the difficult to peel, the performance of the Japanese chestnut pollen direct sensory characteristics.