Home-cooked dietary therapy recipes for liver cirrhosis
1. Principles of dietary therapy
1. Reasonable use of protein. The liver is the place where protein is synthesized. The liver synthesizes 11 to 14 grams of albumin every day. When cirrhosis occurs, the liver cannot synthesize protein well. At this time, it is necessary to reasonably arrange protein intake to prevent the occurrence of hepatic encephalopathy. You can choose protein foods from a variety of sources. In order for the patient to adapt better, cheese can be mixed with an appropriate amount of chicken, fish, lean meat, and eggs, and a reasonable and appropriate amount of protein should be eaten every day.
2. Supply an appropriate amount of fat. Some patients are afraid of eating fat after suffering from liver cirrhosis. In fact, fat should not be restricted too strictly. Due to pancreatic insufficiency, reduced bile secretion, congestion of lymphatic vessels or portal liver in cirrhosis, nearly half of patients with cirrhosis develop steatorrhea and malabsorption of fat. When the above symptoms occur, fat mass should be controlled. However, if the patient does not have the above symptoms and can adapt to the fat in food, it is not easy to restrict fat too strictly in order to increase calories. If you have biliary cirrhosis, use a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet.
3. Supply sufficient carbohydrates. Sufficient carbohydrates can fully store liver glycogen in the body and prevent toxins from damaging liver cells. You can eat 350g to 450g of starchy foods every day.
4. Limit water and sodium in the diet. When patients with edema or mild ascites should be given a low-salt diet, the daily salt intake should not exceed 3 grams; in severe edema, a salt-free diet should be used, and sodium should be limited to about 500 mg. Avoid foods with high sodium content. For example, do not use alkali when steaming steamed buns. Instead, use fresh yeast to make dough, or eat unsalted bread. Noodles contain a lot of sodium and should not be eaten. Eat less or no pickles, and pay attention to cooking methods. Add condiments and salt after the vegetables are cooked. Daily water intake should be limited to 1000ml to 1500ml.
5. Eat more foods rich in zinc and magnesium. Patients with liver cirrhosis generally have low blood zinc levels, increased urinary zinc excretion, and reduced zinc content in liver cells. When drinking alcohol, blood zinc levels will continue to decrease. Drinking should be strictly prohibited, and lean pork, beef, and eggs should be consumed appropriately. , fish and other foods rich in zinc. To prevent magnesium ion deficiency, eat more green leafy vegetables, peas, dairy products and cereals.
6. Supplement vitamin C. Vitamin C directly participates in liver metabolism and promotes liver glycogen formation. Increasing the concentration of vitamin C in the body can protect liver cell resistance and promote liver cell regeneration. The concentration of vitamin C in ascites is equal to the content in blood, so a large amount of vitamin C should be supplemented when ascites is present. When eating fruits, you should peel them or squeeze them into juice.
7. The diet should be light, soft, easy to digest, non-irritating, and have small and frequent meals. Patients with liver cirrhosis often suffer from loss of appetite. They should be given foods that are easy to digest and absorb, small and frequent meals, soft foods and non-irritating foods, fine workmanship, and avoid hard and rough foods, such as fried foods and hard fruit foods. When combined with esophageal varicose veins, you should be careful not to eat fried foods and hard and dried fruits, as these foods can puncture the esophageal veins and cause massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding, which can be life-threatening. Patients with liver cirrhosis must not satisfy their temporary pleasure and psychological needs and lose their precious lives.
2. Key points in food selection
1. High-quality protein foods such as milk, eggs, fish, lean meat, and soy products should be supplied in rotation in the daily meals.
2. Glucose, sucrose, honey, fruit juice and other easy-to-digest monosaccharides and disaccharides can be appropriately selected to increase liver glycogen reserves.
3. Enzymes are rich in B vitamins and should be supplied with caution.
4. Avoid alcohol and all spicy and irritating foods.
5. Avoid fried and dry and hard foods.
6. Eat less or no foods with high fiber content and foods that produce a lot of gas, such as celery, leeks, soybean sprouts, sweet potatoes, dried beans, soft drinks, radishes, etc.
3. Examples of one-day recipes
Breakfast: rice porridge (50 grams of rice), steamed buns (75 grams of flour), pork floss (15 grams of pork floss)
Snack: sweet milk (250g fresh milk, 10g sugar), 150g apple
Lunch: rice (150g rice), roasted hairtail (200g hairtail), vegetarian fried rape (rape 150g)
Snack: lotus root starch (30g lotus root starch, 10g sugar)
Dinner: rice (150g rice), roasted chicken nuggets (100g chicken nuggets) , Fried tofu with tomatoes (50 grams of tofu, 100 grams of tomatoes)
Use 25 grams of oil throughout the day. The above recipe contains 2422 kilocalories (10120 kilojoules) of energy.