1, land
Land where primary crops such as spinach can be planted, such as Chinese cabbage, radish, broccoli, autumn cabbage, etc., should be cleared in time after the previous crop is harvested, and 4000-5000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 25-30 kg of calcium superphosphate should be added per mu. Moreover, the growth period of spinach is long, and the base fertilizer is not applied properly, so the growth of spinach will be weakened before winter, and it is unsafe to overwinter. When the growth resumes in the second year, it is easy to bolting early. After fertilization, it is best to plough the soil with a depth of 25 cm to promote root growth. If the cultivated soil layer is too shallow, the roots of spinach will not grow fully. Therefore, the soil should be shoveled and compacted after soil preparation, and the width 1.5 ~ 1.7 m and the length 8 ~ 10 m are the best.
Step 2 sow seeds
Spinach is easily affected by low temperature in winter and early spring, and the yield and quality of common varieties in spring are easy to decline. Therefore, we must choose varieties with strong winterness, slow bolting, strong cold resistance and high yield. Spinach has strong cold resistance only when it stops growing when it grows to 5-6 leaves, so the average temperature is 17- 19℃. Soak the seeds in warm water at 35℃ 12 hours before sowing, take them out to dry, cover the soil after sowing, and finally water them. When sowing, if the weather is dry, you must first water the boundary soil, and then gently scrape off the surface soil after sowing, so that the seeds fall to the soil boundary.
Step 3 apply fertilizer
Fertilize for three times during the growth period, with urea of 5- 10 kg per mu.
water
Spinach doesn't need much water at seedling stage. If the soil is dry, you can water it properly, but not too much. Proper water control is beneficial to the growth of underground roots, and can also prevent seedlings from polluting the soil and causing hypoxia and suffocation. When spinach grows 4-5 leaves, the temperature will gradually decrease, which is very suitable for spinach to overwinter safely. Moreover, it is very important to choose the time of freezing water, which will lead to spinach growing too fast and too early.
Step 5 control pests
The common diseases and pests of spinach are mainly charcoal disease, downy mildew, virus and aphid. The first two diseases can be controlled by spraying 75% chlorothalonil 600 times solution, 25% metalaxyl 700 times solution and 40% ethyl aluminum phosphate wettable powder 300 times solution. Spraying 10% imidacloprid 2000 times solution or 2% avermectin 2500-3000 times solution can control aphids.