Treat nutritional and metabolic diseases

The main metabolic function of the colon microbiota is to ferment and decompose food residues, mucus secreted by intestinal epithelial cells, etc., and to synthesize some vitamins and other small molecule substances . The short-chain fatty acids produced by metabolism, especially acetate, propionate and butyrate, can promote the absorption of calcium, iron, magnesium and other ions in the cecum. Butyrate is the main energy source for colon epithelial cells and is almost completely absorbed and utilized, affecting the proliferation of epithelial cells in the colon. These complex metabolites are energy and absorbable substrates for the host, but they also provide energy and nutrients for the growth and reproduction of the bacteria themselves. Therefore, the microbial flora and the body are in a biological relationship. When a series of reasons lead to an imbalance of the animal's flora, fecal transplantation can be used to reconstruct the normal flora to alleviate and treat a series of symptoms caused by the imbalance. For example, veterinarians Cachexia, individual emaciation, functional intestinal constipation and certain nutritional deficiencies are common clinical symptoms.

Improving the body’s low immunity

The intestinal mucosa is the main interface between the immune system and the external environment. Gut-associated lymphoid tissue is the largest immune cell group in the body. The interaction between the host and intestinal mucosal surface flora is very important for the development and maturation of the body's immune system. Therefore, for animals with low immunity, fecal transplantation can be used to establish a normal intestinal microecological structure in a timely manner, allowing the body's immune system to have access to various microorganisms, which may improve the body's immunity.

Enhance barrier protection function

Intestinal flora can exert barrier function through the following mechanisms: competition for nutrients, competition for space, competition for intestinal epithelial cell adhesion sites, and production of antibacterial substance. Therefore, in veterinary clinical practice, fecal examination can be performed for various common diarrhea, diarrhea that is ineffective in antibiotic treatment, refractory dysentery, acute and chronic enteritis, and diarrhea caused by enteroviruses such as canine parvovirus disease and rotavirus disease. Transplantation establishes a biological protective barrier in the intestine to help fight pathogenic microorganisms.

Adjusting the body's energy balance

According to the conclusions of relevant experimental studies, it is conceivable to collect the feces of strong and healthy individuals in the production of meat economic animals and transplant them to thin individuals with poor appetite. Achieve the purpose of treatment, promotion of fattening and reduction of feed to weight ratio. For companion animals such as dogs and cats, feces from small, healthy individuals of the same species are transplanted to control weight gain.

Assistant treatment of obesity and type II diabetes

There is a new perspective on intestinal flora and body metabolic balance: type II diabetes, obesity and high-fat diet stimulate The body's mild inflammatory response is closely related. However, studies have found that as a bacterial factor, lipopolysaccharide produced by Gram-negative bacteria in the intestinal flora is a prerequisite for high-fat diet to induce obesity, diabetes and inflammatory reactions in the body. Therefore, fecal transplantation may be used in veterinary medicine to assist in the treatment of obesity, diabetes and reduce intestinal inflammatory responses. So far, no side effects have been mentioned in the literature reporting the use of fecal transplants. Despite this, the technology has not been widespread and, as of February 2015, exists only in a few hospitals in the United States. One of the problems is that no relevant controlled research has been conducted to prevent fecal transplants from spreading difficult-to-find diseases, such as viruses, pathogenic bacteria, parasites, etc.; the second problem is that feces is not a commercially available biological product, and the operating procedures There are no unified regulations, and there is no specific report in the literature on the applied dosage; thirdly, due to the complicated procedures for screening healthy donors, it is necessary to conduct examinations like organ transplant donors, which is costly.