In recent years, the market price of loach has been rising continuously, and the super-high benefit of artificial breeding of loach has aroused widespread concern of farmers and all walks of life. Stimulated by high prices, farmers from all over the country overfished wild loach, resulting in a sharp drop in natural water production. Because loach tastes delicious and has good health care value, there is a huge market demand at home and abroad, and it has very considerable economic benefits to carry out artificial farming of loach in time.

In order to provide practical, high-density and high-efficiency loach breeding technology for the vast number of breeding enthusiasts, the company specially cooperated with loach breeding experts in Ganyu County, Jiangsu Province to teach you a set of new pond seine technology from South Korea. This technology has been verified by more than 2,000 local farmers, and the breeding area is 65,438+6,000 mu. Generally, 1-2 tons of loach seedlings is put into 1 mu pond. After several months of fattening cultivation,

Wild loach resources are scarce, and the survival rate of loach fry after capture and transportation is not high, which seriously affects the breeding efficiency of some farmers. The problem of loach fry has seriously restricted the development of loach breeding industry, and it is urgent to carry out artificial propagation of loach fry. In 2007, the technicians of Dazhong Breeding Company carried out the practice of self-propagation and self-cultivation of loach. On the basis of selecting excellent loach varieties, the seedlings propagated in that year can reach the commodity specifications by the end of the year, which brings good news for loach farmers to carry out self-propagation and self-support.

In order to help you master loach breeding technology systematically and carry out loach breeding smoothly, the public breeding company has long taught loach breeding and reproduction technology, including four efficient breeding modes and specific breeding methods, self-propagation of loach fry and efficient prevention of loach diseases. Students can attend face-to-face or correspondence courses according to their own specific conditions. Face-to-face teaching adopts a combination of teaching materials, videos and on-site teaching to ensure clarity and intuition. Face-to-face teaching is always available, and the study time is generally 2-3 days (the specific time is not limited until you learn). Both face-to-face teaching and correspondence are charged in 480 yuan, and a complete set of correspondence teaching materials and CDs will be registered and mailed as soon as the correspondence payment arrives. We will be responsible for answering students' difficult questions in learning and breeding for a long time, and provide free technical upgrade service for three years.

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is a common wild fish, which belongs to CYPRINIDAE and Misgurnus in classification. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is widely distributed in most areas south of Liaohe River in China, as well as Vietnam, South Korea and Japan. This kind of fish is found in all fresh water areas of our country, such as lakes, ponds, rivers, ditches, rice fields and so on.

The loach meat is tender, fragrant and delicious, with high nutritional value, containing protein 18.43% and fat 2.69%. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is also a kind of medicinal fish, which is sweet in taste, flat in nature, warming the middle warmer, invigorating qi, nourishing yin and strengthening yang, quenching thirst and diuresis, and is mainly used to treat skin acne, edema, jaundice and hemorrhoids. Therefore, loach is favored by people and has a broad market prospect. The market is good and the price is high. It is also one of the exported aquatic products. Simply capturing natural resources can no longer meet the market supply, and artificial breeding is promising. You can also cultivate loach in the yard, which occupies less land, is easy to cultivate and has high income, and is a new way for farmers to get rich.

The loach has a slender body, a cylindrical front, a flat tail, a sharp head and five pairs of beards. It is covered with fine scales and rich in mucus, which is suitable for making holes. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is a benthic fish, which likes to inhabit shallow water at the bottom of sediments. It often burrows into the soil during the day and goes out for food at night. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus breathes not only through gills, but also through intestines and skin. When water lacks oxygen, it swims to the surface to swallow air and exchanges gas in the intestine, so it can adapt to the anoxic environment of the bottom still water. If the water is dry, it will get into the mud and breathe in the intestine in a humid environment, which can maintain life for a long time. Therefore, loach can be raised in high density and is convenient for transportation.

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is an omnivorous fish. In natural waters, young fish less than 5 cm long mainly feed on zooplankton. When it grows to 8 cm, it becomes an omnivore and often eats insects and their larvae, chironomid larvae, silkworms, small crustaceans, algae and plant debris. Artificial feeding, the fry stage can be fed with powdered feed such as egg yolk, as well as insects, Daphnia, silkworms, etc. In the fingerling stage, rice bran, bran cake, silkworm chrysalis powder, etc. It can be fed or cultured by fertilization as feed for fry and fingerling. In the adult stage, rice bran, silkworm pupa powder and bran cake powder are mixed with pig manure or humus to make granular feed or granular feed. The daily feeding amount is 5%-8% of the fish weight in the fingerling period and about 5% in the adult period. At first, I fed it once every night, and then I domesticated it to feed it during the day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon.

The optimum temperature range of loach growth is 15℃-30℃, and the optimum temperature is 25℃-27℃, at which time it grows fastest. When the water temperature drops below 15℃ or rises above 30℃, the appetite is delayed and the growth is slow. When the water temperature drops below 6℃ or rises above 34℃, it dives into the mud and is in a dormant state. In artificial breeding, a shade shed can be set up by the pool, or aquatic plants such as lotus root and water bamboo can be planted in the corner of the pool for loach to escape the heat at high temperature.

Artificial culture of loach can build a special cement pond or dig a small soil pond, or use a small pond or paddy field in shallow water to transform it. In addition to sufficient water, good water quality and quiet environment, farm land also requires good soil quality, especially humus soil in clay area. It is required that the water storage depth is about 50 cm, and about 5 cm loach species can be stocked per square meter 100. The market specification of 10-20g can be reached after 3-4 months.

Cultivation techniques of loach:

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is a kind of fish with high nutritional value, which is deeply loved by people and has a broad market prospect. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus does not require high water quality. Can be cultivated in ponds, paddy fields, ditches and fields. It has a broad development space in rural areas and is an effective way for farmers to increase their income and get rich.

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus belongs to CYPRINIDAE. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is known as "ginseng in water", which is delicious, tender and nutritious. "Misgurnus anguillicaudatus drilling tofu" is a famous traditional dish at home and abroad. It also has high medicinal value and is an important aquatic product for China's foreign trade export. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus has become an important aquaculture species because of its strong adaptability, few diseases, high survival rate, strong reproduction, convenient transportation and easy availability of bait. This paper introduces the technical points of loach culture, pond culture, rice field culture, disease prevention and control, fishing and transportation one by one (including

Attachment: List of main contents of loach training materials:

The first chapter is the species and value of loach. Loach variety. 1, true loach. 2. collateral relatives. Second, the value of loach. Third, varieties and markets.

The second chapter is the biological characteristics of loach. Classification location and geographical distribution. Second, the organ structure characteristics of loach. Third, the life habits of loach. Fourth, the feeding habits of loach. Five, the growth characteristics of loach. Sixth, the breeding habits of loach.

Chapter III Breeding Mode and Method of Loach

1. Fence of loach culture pond: 1. Construction of loach farm. 2. release the seedlings. 3. Get through the critical period of loach. 4. The usual management of loach pond. 5. Four seasons management. 6. Fishing for loach.

2. Cage culture of loach: 1, pond selection 2, pond cleaning, disinfection and fertilization 3, cage specification and erection 4, aquatic plant transplantation 5, loach stocking 6, feed selection and feeding technology 7, water quality control 8, daily management 9, loach disease prevention and control.

Iii. Raising Misgurnus anguillicaudatus in paddy field: 1, farm selection, paddy field transformation, rice variety selection, disinfection and feeding of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus fry, feeding and daily management, fertilization and medication, and fishing.

4. Raising loach in cement pond: 1. Selection of cement pond for loach culture. 2. Preparation before stocking. 3. stocking density. 4. Hey, hey, hey. 5. Daily management.

Chapter IV Breeding and Seedling Cultivation of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

1. Selection of breeding parents of loach

Second, the natural reproduction of loach

Iii. Artificial culture of loach: 1, artificial culture time. 2. Preparation of breeding pool. 3. Cultivation of parent fish of loach. 4. Artificial induced labor. 5. Artificial fertilization. 6. Artificial incubation.

Four, loach fry culture: 1, the understanding of industry terms. 2. fry transfer. 3. Release loach seedlings. 4, the opening of seedlings. 5. Cultivation of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus summer flower fingerling. 6. Experience of breeding loach species on a large scale and transferring them to ponds.

Chapter V Disease Prevention and Control of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus disease prevention: 1, and proper feeding. 2. Grasp the water quality. 3. Reasonable prevention.

Prevention and treatment of common loach diseases: 1, enteritis. 2. Water model. 3. Parasitic diseases. 4. Foam disease. 5, erythroderma. 6. The fins are rotten.

Appendix 1 capture and transportation of loach

First, the capture of loach: 1, the capture method of loach in rice field. 2, pond loach capture method.

Second, the transportation of loach: 1, the transportation technology of loach fry. 2. Transportation technology of adult loach.

Appendix 2 Answers to Frequently Asked Questions of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Culture.

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus breeding market report:

Market prospect: Misgurnus anguillicaudatus has been in the market for 10 years since 1995. The annual demand in the domestic market is 6,543,800 ~ 6,543,805 tons, but the market can only supply 50,000 ~ 60,000 tons, with a big gap. The price has been rising year after year, and in recent years it has risen to 654.38+08 ~ 20 yuan per kilogram. The demand for China loach in the international market is increasing year by year, especially in Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.

According to aquaculture experts, loach has strong adaptability and can be cultured in various fresh water areas with high breeding efficiency. At present, the output of wild loach in China is decreasing year by year, while the market demand at home and abroad is increasing year by year, which creates great business opportunities for artificial breeding of loach. Loach farming is a good way for farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich and well-off.

Benefit analysis: It is advisable for farmers to raise loach for the first time, with a breeding area of 2 mu.

◆ Input: The cost of excavation and reconstruction of loach pond: about 2,000 yuan. ◆ Cost per mu: The price and quantity of loach seedlings are different due to different release time and specifications. At the end of April and the beginning of May, about 200 loach fry were released per kilogram, and 75 kilograms were needed per mu. If the price per kilogram is 30 yuan, then the investment of 2 mu pond is: 30 yuan× 75 kg× 2 mu = 4,500 yuan.

In June or later, about 100 seedlings need to be enlarged per kilogram, and 325 kilograms need to be put per mu. The price per kilogram is 14 yuan, so the investment of 2 mu of pond is 14 yuan× 325 kg× 2 mu = 9 100 yuan. ◆ Feed cost: about 1500 yuan. ◆ Cost of epidemic prevention and control: 200 ~ 300 yuan, calculated according to 250 yuan. ◆ Water and electricity cost: 300 ~ 400 yuan, calculated by 350 yuan. ◆ Cost of purchasing a small water pump: 600 yuan, which can be used for more than 6 years, with an average annual cost of 100 yuan. ◆ Fishing net cost: 500 ~ 600 yuan, which can be used for 3 ~ 4 years, and the average annual cost is calculated according to 200 yuan.

Total investment: Miao Miao: 8900 yuan. Large size seedlings: 13500 yuan.

Yield: at least 500 kilograms of commercial loach can be produced per mu. According to the current market price per kilogram of 20 yuan, the yield of 2 mu pond can be obtained: 20 yuan× 500 kg× 2 mu = 20,000 yuan.

◆ Revenue: Seedlings released: 20,000 yuan-8,900 yuan = 1 1 100 yuan. Put in large-sized seedlings: 20000 yuan-13500 yuan = 6500 yuan.

Expert advice:

1. Farmers raise loaches, and it is suggested that loaches be raised in earthen ponds, which can save a lot of costs. Moreover, because the environment of the soil pond is close to the natural growth environment of loach, the cultivated loach is close to the wild loach, with good quality and high economic benefit. It is suggested to build a rectangular soil pond with a width of 30 meters and a length of 40-45 meters, with an area of 2 mu and a water depth of about 60 cm.

2. Intercropping culture If loach is cultured in a pond of more than 5 mu, it is recommended to adopt three-dimensional culture or cage culture to mix salmon, grass carp, crucian carp and silver carp. Increase the utilization rate of water in the pond, increase the output per unit area and increase the overall benefit. Moreover, cage culture of loach is easy to manage.

3. Maintain water quality. Pay attention to keep the water quality fat, fresh, tender and cold. Keep a small amount of running water every afternoon and evening. It is easy to lack oxygen in rainy days. Change water in time to prevent flooding.

4. Fly maggot culture Feeding loach with active fly maggots is the most advanced culture method, which can not only reduce the feed cost by 30%, but also make loach grow fast, with few diseases, good quality and high economic benefits. Raising 2 mu of pond loach and investing 500 ~ 600 yuan to cultivate maggots can meet the needs of loach growth.

5. In order to prevent the loach from escaping, the net is caught around the soil pool, 40 cm below the soil at the bottom of the pool and 40 cm above the water.

Risk warning:

1, Market Risk Although there is a great market demand for loach and the price has been rising, farmers also have market risks. Especially for the first time, the breeding scale is small and the market risk is relatively large. It is suggested to actively move closer to large households and breeding bases, keep abreast of market information, seize the opportunity, and "hitchhike" sales when convenient.

2. Technical Risk The main risk of loach farming lies in technology. If breeding, disease prevention and treatment techniques fail, reproduction will fail. Therefore, before the implementation of aquaculture, it is best to learn relevant technologies, then try a small amount of breeding, and then carry out large-scale industrialization after fully mastering the technology.

Production marketing

1. If the breeding scale is not large, farmers can go to the aquatic product wholesale market to sell it themselves. It can also be sent directly to the aquatic product stall owners in the retail market.

2. You can entrust aquatic brokers to sell or rely on large-scale breeding bases for recycling.

3. At present, the domestic loach export volume is very large, mainly exported to South Korea and Japan, and Lianyungang is one of the main distribution centers of loach in Jiangsu Province. Farmers with large-scale farming can rely on export enterprises to export their products abroad, and their profits will be much higher.