Caramel macchiato is mainly composed of espresso, milk and caramel. Caramel is very sweet, so it can make the whole drink very sweet. Usually, some spices such as vanilla syrup or cinnamon powder are added to further enhance its sweetness.
Coffee latte is mainly composed of espresso and milk. Compared with caramel macchiato, its sweetness is lower. You can add some syrup or other condiments to the latte.