There are three definitions, one is a shovel-like appliance for loading garbage; The second is a large pinch of rattan or peeled wicker and bamboo sticks, and an instrument for lifting rice and removing chaff; Third, it refers to the dustpan-shaped fingerprint, which is a kind of fingerprint. Everyone's fingerprint is different. The one with a closed circle in the middle is called the "basket" (commonly known as the "bucket" among the people). If the opening extends out, it is called the "dustpan".

Hand-made dustpan is a famous local excellent product in Zhengning County. This place rich in hand-made dustpan is Hetaoyu Village, Zhoujia Town. Its dustpan weaving technique was brought by Yang Zushang when he immigrated from Houma Township, Quwo County, Shanxi Province in A.D. 1489, with a history of more than 500 years. Hetaoyu dustpan is famous because of its uniqueness.

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First, the preparation method of dustpan

To make a dustpan, you need a damp, sunny and windless environment. Farmers generally dig underground kilns, just like the tunnels we see on movies and TV. Locals call them dustpan kilns, and some people call them "Shenxian Cave" which is warm in winter and cool in summer and humid and constant in temperature. The tools used to make dustpan mainly include iron sickle (planer), square cone, slotted cone, crochet needle, shifting stop, rope hammer, smoothing knife, measuring tongue, ruler and so on.

The iron sickle is used to scrape the tongue of the dustpan, and it should be scraped flat and moderately thick. In recent years, the push plane is used more, and the tongue pushed by the push plane is much better than that scraped by the sickle. Square cone, used to drill holes on the tongue of dustpan. Groove cone, used to wrap the dustpan edge.

Crochet, used to hook the rope on the tongue of dustpan; Using needles is a complete set of actions that are cyclic, patchwork and in one go. The stitch density and the thickness of stitching are all completed in an instant. Pull-and-stop, which is used for rope-beating, and some of them are also called unscrewing. Rope hammer, used for winding rope, is labor-saving, and the wound rope is elastic and suitable.

Smooth the knife and scrape the edge of the knife. The measuring tongue is used to measure the distance of the holes drilled on the tongue of the dustpan. A dustpan ruler, which can be divided into different sizes, measures the length of dustpan strips. There are also pedals, rods, pads and knives. When weaving a dustpan, first put the sliver on the dustpan ruler and weave a piece, which is called a knot palm. Then tie the palm bow into a corner.

It takes the most time and has the highest technical content to knot corners and make stubbles, and to smooth and wrap edges. Whether the dustpan made is beautiful, generous, affordable and durable depends on these processes, so it takes half a day for the weavers to make a trip when they are nervous. Sometimes, in order to make a good knot or do a good job, I can't even take care of eating and going to the toilet. Only in this way can we weave a finished dustpan.

Second, the type

The varieties of dustpans are big dustpans, small dustpans and clean dustpans. Clean dustpan is a small dustpan between large dustpan and small dustpan, which has no supporting angle and is mainly used for loading things. With the diversification of daily use, weavers also produce a variant dustpan.

This dustpan stands upright on three sides, with one side open, and it has a tongue for "spitting waste". This variant dustpan is called a basket, and it has a foreign porcelain washbasin that is similar to our daily use. In terms of capacity, there are big baskets and small baskets, and in terms of shape, there are square baskets, round baskets and rectangular baskets.

From the purpose, there are steamed bread baskets, sewing baskets, dry tobacco baskets and so on. The workmanship of the basket is simpler than that of the dustpan, but the technology is more exquisite, and a process of painting and sketching is added.

Birds, fish, flowers and plants are painted on it, and the images are vivid and lifelike. Therefore, the basket is not only a daily necessities of family life, but also a folk art product. While developing its use value, it also gives it artistic vitality.

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