This product is the dried root of the Rutaceae plant Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC. It can be harvested throughout the year, washed, sliced ??or segmented, and dried in the sun. The follicles are purple-red when mature, have thick glands, and have a short beak at the top
Edit this paragraph
Plant attributes
Morphological characteristics
Woody vine; hook-shaped prickles are present on the underside of stems, branches, leaf rachis and on both sides of midribs of leaflets. Odd-pinnate leaves, 7-15 cm long; leaflets 3-11, opposite, leathery, ovate to ovate-oblong, glabrous, slightly shiny above, corymb-like panicles, axillary; flowers 4 Several; sepals broadly ovate. The follicles are purple-red when mature, have thick glandular spots, and have a short beak at the top.
Geographical distribution
Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Yunnan, and Taiwan. Born in the mountains and wilderness. The leaves and peel can provide aromatic oil; the seed oil is used for making soap; the roots, stems and leaves are used as medicine. It can disperse blood stasis, activate collaterals, dispel wind and detoxify.
Introduction to families and genera
1. RutoideaeEngl.
01. ZanthoxylumLinn.
02. OrixaThunb[1].
Picture of acupuncture (wrong, this is Solanaceae (Solanaceae) (9 photos)
03. EvodiaJ.R.etG.Forst.
04. MelicopeJ.R.etG.Forst.< /p>
05.BoenninghauseniaReichb.exMeisn.
06.Haplophyllum A.Juss.
07.RutaLinn.
< p>08.PsilopeganumHemsl.09.DictamnusLinn.
2. FlindersioideaeEngl.
10. Macrophyllum
3. ToddalioideaeEngl.
11. Flying Dragon Palm Blood Genus ToddaliaA.Juss.
12. PhellodendronRupr.
13. Ptelea Linn.
14. AcronychiaJ.R.etG.Forst.
15. CasimiroaLaLlave
16. SkimmiaThunb.
4. Citrus subfamily AurantioideaeEngl.
17. MicromelumBl.
18. Glycosmis Correa
19. Clausena Burm.f.
20. MurrayaKoenigexLinn.
21. Luvunga (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham.exWightetArn.
22. ParamignyaWight
23. Atalantia Correa
Poncirus
24. Poncirus Raf.
25. Kumquat (Kumquat) Fortunella Swingle
26. Citrus (Citrus genus) CitrusLinn.
27. AegleCorrea
28. Feronia Correa.
Edit the properties of this paragraph of traditional Chinese medicine
Name of traditional Chinese medicine
English name: RADIX ZANTHOXYLI
Alias: Radix Zantoxensis, Red Heart Thorn Diaogen , red barbed acupuncture, double-backed acupuncture, double-sided acupuncture, double-sided acupuncture, under-leaf acupuncture, large-leaf cat branch acupuncture, mountain tiger, mountain tiger, mountain pepper
Drug properties
< p>This product is a thick piece or cylindrical short section, 2 to 20cm long, 0.5 to 6cm thick, and a few are 10cm. The surface is light brown or light yellow, with bright yellow or yellowish-brown round lenticels. The cut surface is smooth, the bark is light brown, the wood is light yellow, and concentric rings and dense pores can be seen. Hard quality. The smell is slightly fragrant, and the taste is spicy, numbing and bitter.Medicinal value
Liangmian Acupuncture (17 photos)
Nature and flavor: bitter, pungent, flat; slightly toxic.
Meridians returned: Liver and stomach meridians.
Functions and indications: promoting qi and relieving pain, activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, dispelling wind and dredging collaterals. It is used for bruises, rheumatic arthralgia, stomachache, toothache, poisonous snake bites caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis; external treatment of burns caused by soup and fire.
Usage and dosage: 5 to 10 grams. Appropriate amount for external use, grind into powder and apply or decoct in water to wash the affected area.
Note: Do not overdose. Avoid taking it with sour food.
Storage: Store in a dry place, away from moisture and moth.
Excerpt: "Chinese Pharmacopoeia"
Contraindications: Poisoning often causes abdominal pain and diarrhea. Rescue methods: catharsis, taking sugar water or injecting glucose solution. [2]
Drug identification
(1) Cross section of this product: The cork layer contains 10 to 15 rows of cork cells. There are a few calcium oxalate square crystals and oil cells scattered in the phloem. The long diameter of the oil cells is 52-122 μm and the short diameter is 28-87 μm. There are lignified fibers on the outer edge of the phloem, either singly or in groups of 2 to 5. The xylem vessels have a diameter of 35-98 μm and are surrounded by fiber bundles; the xylem rays are 1-3 rows of cells wide and have single pits. Parenchyma cells are filled with starch granules.
(2) Take 1g of both side needles as reference medicinal materials, add 15ml of ethanol, soak in warm temperature for 30 minutes, ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, add 1ml of ethanol to the residue to dissolve, and use it as a reference medicinal material solution. According to the thin layer chromatography (Appendix VI B) test, draw 2 μl each of the control medicinal material solution and the test solution and reference solution under [Content Determination], respectively, and place them on the same silica gel G thin layer plate, and place them with benzene- Ethyl acetate-methanol-isopropyl alcohol-concentrated ammonia test solution (20:5:3:1:0.12) is saturated in the development cylinder of the developing agent for 10 minutes, unfold, take out, dry, and put in a UV lamp (365nm) View below. In the chromatogram of the test product, the same color of fluorescent spots appears at the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the reference medicinal material; the same light yellow fluorescent spot appears at the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the reference substance.
(3) Take the ethoxychelerythrine reference substance and add methanol to prepare a solution containing 1mg per 1ml as the reference solution. According to the thin layer chromatography (Appendix VI B) test, draw 2 μl each of the reference solution, the reference medicinal solution under [Identification] (2), and the test solution under [Content Determination], and spot them on the same silica gel G respectively. On the TLC plate, use toluene-ethyl acetate-methanol (25:2:0.1) as the developing agent, place it in a development cylinder presaturated with concentrated ammonia test solution for 10 minutes, and inspect it under a UV lamp. Shows the same orange fluorescent spots.
Content determination
Take about 1g of the coarse powder of this product [At the same time, take another powder of this product to measure the moisture (Appendix Ⅸ H first method), weigh it accurately, and put in a Soxhlet extractor In, add 100 ml of methanol, heat and reflux to extract until the reflux liquid is colorless. Recover the methanol in the extraction solution to about 2 ml, transfer it to a 10 ml measuring bottle, add methanol to the mark, shake well, and use another chlorinated double-sided needle as the test solution. Weigh an appropriate amount of alkali reference substance accurately, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.5mg per 1ml, and use it as the reference solution for the test according to the thin layer chromatography method (Appendix VI B). Precisely pipette 4μl of the test solution and 1μl of the reference solution. and 4 μl, respectively cross-pointed on the same silica gel G thin layer plate with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as the binder, and use benzene-ethyl acetate-methanol-isopropyl alcohol-concentrated ammonia test solution (20:5:3: 1:0.12) is the developing agent, unfold, take out, dry, and inspect under UV light (365nm).
Scan according to thin layer chromatography (Appendix VI B thin layer scanning method), wavelength: λS=300nm, λR=210nm, measure the integrated value of the absorption of the test sample and the integrated value of the reference substance. Calculate and get.
Edit the chemical composition of this paragraph
Liangmianzhen
Chinese name: Liangmianzhen chloride
Chinese alias: 2,3- Dimethoxy-12-methyl-(1,3)-benzodioxazo(5,6-c)phenanthridinium chloride
English name: Nitidine chloride
English alias: 2,3-Dimethoxy-12-methyl-(1,3)-benzodioxolo(5,6-c)phenanthridinium chloride
CAS number: 13063-04-2
Molecular formula: C21H18ClNO4
Molecular weight: 383.82
Source: nitidine chloride is extracted from the dried roots of the plant Zanthoxylum bungeanum in the Rutaceae family. An alkaloid
Physical properties: yellow or light green needle-like crystals. Soluble in methanol, ethanol and water, can dissolve 0.2 mg per milliliter of water at room temperature, melting point 275~276°C Pharmacological effects: Liangmianzhen chloride is the main active ingredient of Liangmianzhen preparations, and has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has effects on tumors and the cardiovascular system, antifungal effects, calmodulin effects, as well as cardiotonic, blood pressure lowering and other pharmacological effects.
Edit this paragraph for clinical application
Analgesic double-sided needle injection is intramuscularly injected with 2 ml each time (equivalent to 3 g root), 1 to 2 times/d, to treat various pains , generally pain relief occurs 5 to 10 minutes after administration. Injections made from Liangmian Acupuncture and Aesculus aesculus are also effective in treating various types of pain, especially pain caused by biliary ascariasis, intestinal ascariasis, and ulcers. A total of 430 patients after surgery for anorectal disease were randomly divided into two groups and treated with Liangmianzhen Sitz Bath Lotion and Nitrogen Lotion respectively. The results showed that the Liangmianzhen Sitz Bath group was significantly better than the control group in reducing swelling, relieving pain, reducing exudates and promoting wound healing. Use 20% Liangmian needle solution, use low-frequency DC induction electrotherapy machine iontophoresis, 1 time/d, 20 min/time, 10 times as a course of treatment, to treat lumbar muscle strain, sprain, contusion, lumbar hypertrophy and intervertebral disc herniation. 163 cases of sciatica patients were treated and statistics were collected, and the effective rate reached over 90%.
The anesthesia double-sided needle is made into a 0.5% solution for local anesthesia. It is used for minor outpatient surgeries, fallopian tube ligation, tonsillectomy, etc. The anesthesia effect is stable and there are no adverse reactions.
For the treatment of ulcers, the folk take appropriate amounts of its roots, golden bean root, and Shixiantao, decoct them in water, and use them to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers. The powder is made from a variety of traditional Chinese medicines such as ginseng root and liangmianzhen. It has achieved satisfactory results in local treatment of oral ulcers, eliminating pain, promoting healing and shortening the course of treatment.
Anti-cancer patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer are treated with Liangmianzhen, Astragalus membranaceus, Lufengfang, August Zha, Scutellaria barbata, etc., decoction in water and combined with a combination regimen based on virubicin.
To treat uterine inflammation, other Gongyanping tablets (Dimin, Liangmianzhen, Chuanpaoshi, Wuzhi Maotao, Angelica sinensis, etc.) are used to treat acute and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. Other external uses of Liangmian Needle are used to treat bruises, colds, gills, dysmenorrhea, and aphthous ulcers, all with good results.
Edit this paragraph for artificial planting
1. Land selection and land preparation: It is advisable to choose sunny, well-drained, deep, loose and fertile loam soil, fully cultivate, plow 30 cm deep, rake the broken soil, make borders, and open drainage ditches.
2． Sowing and raising seedlings: either autumn sowing or spring sowing can be done. Autumn sowing is carried out in September when the seeds are mature and can be sown as soon as they are picked. The germination rate is high. Spring sowing takes place in late March. Sow the seeds in the seedbed, cover with 2 cm of fine soil, cover with grass, and water. The seeding rate is 1250-1500 grams per mu. Seedlings can emerge in 20 days after sowing when the temperature is above 25°C. After emergence, remove the grass cover.
3． Planting: The seedlings can be transplanted when they are about 20 cm tall. Hole planting: Dig a hole with a plant spacing of 70 cm and a row spacing of 90 cm. The length, width, and depth of the tree pit (cm) are 60X 60X 50. Apply sufficient base fertilizer to each pit. Plant 1 plant in each hole.
Field management
1. Cultivating and weeding: Within 1 to 2 years after planting, cultivating and weeding should be done 4-5 times a year. During this period, peanuts, soybeans and other crops can be interplanted.
After two years, cultivate and weed 3-4 times a year.
2． Topdressing: Topdressing with human feces or urea once a month during the seedling stage. After planting, apply turf mud, compost and manure once every summer and winter. Carry out soil cultivation after each top dressing.
3． Pruning: After the trunks of plants that are more than two years old are basically formed, overly dense weak branches, diseased branches, dead branches and sprouting branches from the rhizomes should be pruned.
Pest Control
It is common for beetles to eat stems and roots. You can manually catch the adults or remove the eggs, and insert wire into the holes to kill the larvae; you can also soak them with cotton wool. 80% dichlorvos solution is stuffed into the borehole and sealed with mud to kill the larvae. The root of the double-sided needle is used as medicine. It is generally harvested after 5 to 6 years of cultivation. Excavate in winter, wash the sediment, cut into slices and dry in the sun. [3]