From June 5438 to1October 10, 2008, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and other countries/kloc. Among them, Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Anhui and other six provinces and regions were the most seriously affected. By the end of June, 5438+1October 365438+1October 18, the direct economic losses caused by the disaster had reached 53.79 billion yuan.
May 12: Wenchuan earthquake
On May 28th, 2008, an earthquake of magnitude 8.0 occurred in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province at 0/2 14: 28. The earthquake involved Sichuan and parts of Gansu, Shaanxi and Chongqing 18 cities (states), with the affected area exceeding 654.38+10,000 square kilometers and the directly affected population exceeding10,000. As of June 9, 2008 12, the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan has killed 69 142 people, injured 374,065 people, and 1755 1 people were missing, with a total of 46,249,048 people affected. In addition, the infrastructure of transportation, electricity, communication, water supply and gas supply in the disaster-stricken areas was damaged and suffered serious losses. In addition, as of July 3 1 day 12, the national * * * received donations from all walks of life at home and abroad totaling 59.249 billion yuan.
August 8: Beijing Olympic Games
From August 8 to 24, 2008, the 29th Olympic Games was held in China. This Olympic Games has established three concepts: green Olympics, high-tech Olympics and people's Olympics. Held 28 major events and 38 minor events, resulting in 302 gold medals. * * * More than 20,000 athletes, coaches and officials took part in the Beijing Olympic Games. Except for most of the competitions held in Beijing, sailing competitions were held in Qingdao, equestrian competitions were held in Hong Kong, and some football preliminaries were held in Tianjin, Shanghai, Shenyang and Qinhuangdao. On July 8, 2005, at the117th plenary session of the International Olympic Committee held in Singapore, it was decided that Hong Kong would co-host the equestrian events of the 2008 Olympic Games, which was the second time in the Olympic history that Olympic committees from different regions co-hosted equestrian events.
September 16: Poisoned milk powder incident
At the beginning of September, 2008, many months old babies were found to have urolithiasis in hospitals all over the country. The similarity of these babies is that they have eaten the same brand of milk powder for a long time, which later proved to be Sanlu brand infant milk powder. The tainted milk powder incident broke out. Since then, milk melamine of Shengyuan, Mengniu, Yili, Guangming and other brands has been found to exceed the standard. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Health, from September 12 to September 17 at 8: 00, 6,244 children were clinically diagnosed and 3 infants died. On October 7th, 65438/kloc-0, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the National Standardization Administration approved and issued the national standard "Detection Methods of Melamine in Raw Milk and Dairy Products" (GB/T22388-2008), which stipulated the detection limit of melamine detection methods.
September 16: the central bank lowered the loan interest rate for the first time in six years.
From September 16, 2008, the benchmark interest rate of one-year RMB loans was lowered by 0.27 percentage point, and the benchmark interest rates of other term loans were adjusted accordingly according to the principle of short-term multi-adjustment and long-term multi-adjustment; The benchmark deposit interest rate remains unchanged. From September 25th, 2008, except ICBC, Agricultural Bank, Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Bank of Communications and Postal Savings Bank, the deposit reserve ratio of other deposit-taking financial institutions was reduced by 1 percentage point, and the deposit reserve ratio of local corporate financial institutions in the hardest-hit areas of Wenchuan earthquake was reduced by 2 percentage points.
September 25th: Shenzhou VII flies.
On September 25th, 2008, at 2 1: 10: 04.988 milliseconds, Shenzhou VII was launched. The spacecraft landed successfully at the main landing site of Siziwangqi, Inner Mongolia, China on September 28th, 2008 17: 37. Shenzhou VII spacecraft flew for 2 days, 20 hours and 28 minutes. The "first step" of Chinese astronauts into space will lead an era and open a new century.
65438+February 8: 2008 Central Economic Work Conference
On February 8, 2008, the Central Economic Work Conference was held in Beijing. The meeting put forward the key tasks of economic work next year: First, strengthen and improve macro-control, and implement a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately loose monetary policy. Second, consolidate and develop the good situation of agriculture and rural economy, ensure the effective supply of agricultural products, and promote the continuous increase of farmers' income. Third, accelerate the transformation of development mode and promote the strategic adjustment of economic structure. Fourth, deepen reform and opening up and improve the institutional mechanisms conducive to scientific development. Five, focus on solving the difficulties and hot issues involving the interests of the masses, and earnestly safeguard social stability.
65438+February 18: Fuel tax reform finalized.
On June 5438+February 65438+August, 2008, the State Council announced that it would implement the reform of refined oil taxes and fees from June 5438+ 10/day, and cancel six fees originally charged in addition to refined oil prices, such as road maintenance fees, waterway maintenance fees, road transportation management fees and road passenger and freight surcharges. The government gradually and orderly canceled the repayment of secondary roads. At the same time, the State Council decided to increase the unit tax of gasoline consumption tax levied in the price by 0.8 yuan per liter, that is, from 0.2 yuan per liter to 1 yuan; The unit tax of diesel consumption tax is increased by 0.7 yuan per liter, that is, from 0. 1 yuan per liter to 0.8 yuan; Other refined oil consumption tax unit tax increased accordingly.
Global financial crisis in 2008
In March, Bear Stearns was acquired by JPMorgan Chase at a low price of $240 million, and the subprime mortgage crisis continued to intensify, shaking Wall Street for the first time.
In July, the Federal Reserve and the Ministry of Finance announced the rescue of two major mortgage financing institutions, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The U.S. Congress approved a $300 billion housing assistance bill, authorizing the Ministry of Finance to indefinitely increase the credit lines of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac loans and not to purchase their shares quantitatively if necessary.
In September, the US government announced that it would take over Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Lehman Brothers announced its application for bankruptcy protection; Bank of America announced that it would acquire Merrill Lynch for $44 billion; The US government has invested as much as $85 billion to help American International Group (AIG); The Federal Reserve approved the request of Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley to become bank holding companies, and Wall Street investment banks withdrew from the historical stage. Washington Mutual Bank was seized by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and became the largest bank in American history. On the 30th, the three major American stock indexes plunged, with Nasdaq recording the biggest one-day drop and Dow recording the biggest one-day drop.
On June+10, 5438, the largest financial rescue plan of $700 billion since the Great Depression was approved, and the US government injected $125 billion into its nine major banks at the end of the month. In addition, European countries increase the amount of personal deposit guarantee; Fortis Group's Belgian and Luxembourg businesses were acquired by BNP Paribas; Iceland suffered a "national bankruptcy" crisis; The British government announced that it would inject 35 billion pounds into the country's four major banks; Ukraine and Hungary received emergency loans from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the crisis has spread throughout Europe. In that month, the world's major central banks cut interest rates twice at the same time; The meeting of finance ministers of the Group of Seven countries promised to use "all available means" to fight the current financial crisis.
In June 1 1, the European and British central banks cut interest rates by 50 and 150 basis points respectively; Japan and Europe have officially entered recession; China introduced a 4 trillion yuan economic stimulus plan; The EU has proposed a 200 billion euro economic stimulus plan. In the third week of the month, Citigroup's share price fell by 60%, and the US Treasury, Federal Reserve and Federal Deposit Insurance Bureau jointly announced that they would provide guarantees for Citi's $306 billion problem assets; The US government's $800 billion stimulus plan for the consumer credit market. In 2008, the annual meeting of G20 finance ministers and central bank governors called on the international community Qi Xin to work together to deal with the international financial crisis.
In June 5438+February, many central banks around the world cut interest rates sharply again. US President-elect Barack Obama announced the formulation of an "economic revival" plan; The number of non-agricultural employment in the United States has reached a new low in 24 years, and the financial crisis has had a significant impact on the real economy.
At present, the financial crisis is still going on, and various countries around the world are still introducing various economic rescue measures.