Table of Contents
1.Life Habits
2.Morphological Characteristics
3.Distribution Range
4.Cultivation Techniques
5.Nutritional Values
Life Habits
The catfish is a bottom-feeding and ferocious fish, which belongs to the nocturnal animal, fearing the light, and prefers to live in the stone gaps and deep pits near the banks of the rivers, The catfish prefers to live in rock crevices, deep pits, earth holes or stone holes at the bottom of tree roots, and in slow-flowing waters.
Catfish eyes are small, weak vision, day and night, depending on the sense of smell and two pairs of tentacles to hunt for food, a large amount of food, gluttony. The hotter the weather, the greater the amount of food, cloudy days and night activities are frequent.
The catfish is sexually mature early, generally one age to mature. The spawning period along the Yangtze River is April to June, the further south the earlier, the further north the later. When spawning, they chase each other in groups, and similar to Darwin's frogs, male catfish also hold the eggs laid by female catfish in their mouths so that they can hatch out young catfish.
The catfish is voracious and easy to grow, about 500 grams of young fish will swallow a lot of crucian carp, carp, etc., the largest individual can reach more than 40 kilograms. The catfish is suitable for living in the water temperature of 20~25℃.
Morphological characteristics
Catfish commonly have no scales on the body, the surface of the body more mucus, have a flat head and a large mouth, the upper and lower jaws have four whiskers, the use of this whisker can identify the flavor. Catfish have three major, namely, large mouth, head and stomach. There are two kinds of its color: one is greenish gray and the other is toothy yellow, and the toothy yellow catfish has flower spots on its body.
Range of distribution
Catfish is the same as catfish, also known as earth catfish, is the most widely distributed fish in the catfish family. It is distributed all over the world.
Farming techniques
1. Two levels of seedling release.
Freshly shipped fry, resistance is weak, and specifications are not the same; if you directly into the pond to feed, because of the large range of activities of the fry, physical exertion, and the bait invested in a moment is difficult to eat, resulting in a waste, but also pollute the water quality. However, such as the implementation of two-stage release of seedlings, that is, first concentrated in small ponds, and then into the big pond rearing. This is not only easy to manage, but also can make the fry better adapted to the new environment, and in the small pond easy to get enough food, prompting its rapid growth. When the fry cultivated in the small pond reaches about 10 to 15 centimeters, it can be screened from the pond and put into the large pond to raise large fish species, small fish species remain in the small pond for intensive cultivation, so that the growth of fish species is balanced, consistent specifications. This avoids the phenomenon of big fish eating small fish in the breeding process, thus effectively improving the survival rate of fry and unit production.
2. Reasonable bait feeding.
Catfish is an omnivorous fish, gluttony, so we need to correctly grasp the amount of feeding, to do how many fish in the pond how much material, to prevent blind baiting. At the same time, the implementation of point feeding, spread bait evenly, a small number of meals, feeding full, to prevent uneven hunger and satiety, and polarization phenomenon. At the same time, in the early stage of fry cultivation, animal feed should be the main, intensive cultivation, with the growth of the fish, and gradually switch to some plant feed, so that the combination of animal and plant feed. The daily baiting amount should be controlled at about 5-8% of the total weight of the fish, and the feeding amount should be adjusted once every week or half a month to make the baiting amount more reasonable.
3. The implementation of rotational fishing and farming.
Because of the catfish ferocious gluttony, in the baiting tend to be the first big fish to grab food, while the small fish can not eat food, resulting in the size gap between the fish is getting bigger and bigger, so in the catfish fishing should be carried out before the round of catching sub-feeding, will be the size of the fish in the pond to feed, so that the growth of the growth of the balance. This is one of the important measures to improve production.
4. Promote catfish overwintering.
Fall fishing, in addition to the sale of large fish, can be part of the adult fish into the deep pool wintering (ponds on the nylon trellis), selling early spring fish; this can solve the peak season catfish sales problems, but also extend the supply of fresh fish time, and the price of fish can be doubled, a two-in-one solution.
Nutritional value
The Chinese medicine believes that catfish is sweet and warm, and has the effect of tonifying the middle and benefiting the sun, facilitating urination, and treating edema.
Catfish is rich in nutrients, each 100 grams of fish containing 64.1 grams of water, 14.4 grams of protein, and contains a variety of minerals and trace elements, is particularly suitable for the weak and weak, malnutrition, people eat.
In addition to the catfish roe has a mixed flavor should not be eaten, the whole body is a treasure, catfish is a valuable nutritious good, as early as in the history of the book on the record, can be comparable to the shark's fins, wild turtle, for the fish in the treasures. Its therapeutic effect and medicinal value is other fish do not have, the unique strong essence of the bone and beneficial effect is its unique highlights.
Efficacy
Catfish is not only rich in nutrients like other fish, but also tender meat, containing more protein and fat, for the frail and malnourished people have a better therapeutic effect. Catfish is a good lactation, and has nourishing yin and blood, replenish the middle qi, appetizing, diuretic effect, is the women's post-partum therapeutic nourishing food must choose.
Documentation: China has been eating catfish since ancient times. Tao Hongjing in the North and South Dynasties: catfish meat can not be combined with deer meat to eat, people tendon armor shrinkage. Song Su Song: catfish meat can not be combined with beef liver food, people suffering from wind, choking saliva, can not be combined with wild boar meat food, people vomiting and diarrhea. The Compendium of Materia Medica: Catfish is anti-thorny. With the rest of the house diet spectrum: catfish, sweet and warm, slightly toxic. Hemorrhoidal blood, anal pain, should not eat. The rest of the disease is taboo.