Origin: Burgundy Woos, France, Romanee village (Vosne -Romanee)

Level: Premium Vineyard

Grape Variety: Pinot Noir

Planted Area: 4.32 acres

Average Age of Trees Yield: 2,000 to 2,500 liters of grapes per hectare (equivalent to 4,800 to 6,000 bottles)

Characteristics: Very small yields, high quality, quotas, very expensive

The village of Vosne Romanee is located in the northern part of the Golden Hills, in the Cote De Nuits, and is one of the most prestigious villages in the world. De Nuits), was the hunting area of the Duke of Burgundy in the 17th century, then developed into a vineyard, the village population of several hundred, mostly related to the wine industry, there are seven Grand Cru vineyards and 15 First Cru vineyards. The most notable of these is the "Romanee Conti" Grand Cru. This small Grand Cru vineyard, the best of the best, is one of the oldest vineyards in the world. Known since the 12th century, it was owned by the Vergy family, a prominent local family, who donated the vineyard to the nearby church in 1232, and for the next 400 years the vineyard was a Catholic property, producing wines that went to the priests and monks, who were devout servants of the Catholic Church. Since 1760 it has been recognized as the world's most expensive vineyard for Romanee wines.

The Duke of Conti later gave the vineyard his own name, "Romanée-Conti". The name "Romanée-Conti" has been passed down to this day. Since Conti owns this wine, that is, this vineyard is regarded as a gift of treasure, in addition to offering the royal family, never gift to others, even good friends are not accommodated, in the market "Romanee Conti" has become more extinct. At that time, the only way to drink this wine is to turn to the second best to the Gallenberg family has not been removed (La. Tache) (La Tache) (La Tache). (La Tache) vineyard wine, became France's most popular Burgundy wines, but the good times are not always good, the Conti family only two generations (32 years later), that is, in 1793, the tide of the French Revolution swept through the Burgundy, the owner of the Duke of Conti's son died overseas, the property was confiscated by the Revolutionary Government, the Revolutionary Government is also aware of the goods, and know that this vineyard can be sold for a good price, so it is announced to the world that: This is a vineyard located in Woos, Romanee Conti. A vineyard located in the best part of the village of Wos, Romanée, with grapes of perfect ripeness, in a location that allows it to receive the sun's rays every day, the softest and most moderate heat of the day, and to be protected from frosts and hailstones. However, in these times of turmoil, the rich merchants were afraid of being guillotined for being royalists at any moment. Therefore, in 1794, the "Domaine de la Romanée-Conti" was sold at a price of $10,000 for the first time in the history of the city. Conti" was sold in 1794 at a low price to Julien Ouya, a banker who worked as a treasurer in Napoleon's government. Julien Ouvrad, who also owned several wineries in Bordeaux, Burgundy and other regions, sold it to a banker who worked as treasurer for the Napoleonic government, Julien Ouvrad. Conti is the most expensive wine, while the second most expensive vineyards are La Tache and Richbourg, which are only a third of the price.

The "Romanee. Conti" vineyard wine using new oak barrels for storage, the owner of the purchase of wood, air-dried for three years before making barrels, grape harvest is very low, the annual output of 2,000 to 2,500 liters per hectare, an average of every three vines to make a bottle of "Romani. Romanee Conti" (Romanee Conti) top wine, you can see the degree of its preciousness.

2. Le Pin Ripon

Origin: Bordeaux, France, Pommerol (POMEROL)

Level: Pommerol appellation is not rated

Surface area: 5 acres

Grape variety: 92% Merlot, 8% Furlong

Average vines: 28 years

Planting density: 6000 plants per hectare

Planting density: 6,000 plants per hectare. 6,000 plants

Average vine yield: 3,400 liters per hectare

Annual production: 7,000 bottles

Cellaring: 15 to 18 months in new oak barrels

Clarified before bottling, no filtration, maturity 10 to 30 years depending on the vintage.

Ripon is arguably the most remarkable achievement of the French wine world in half a century. 1979, a man named Jacques Tienenbaum, who was the first winemaker to make the wine in France. In 1979, a buyer named Jacques Thienpont purchased a small vineyard from Mme. Laubrie at Vieux Chateau Certan. The buyer's last name immediately raised suspicions that Vieux Chateau Certan was planning to expand its vineyards, as Jack was the cousin of Vieux Chateau Certan's owner, Alexandre. The small vineyard, bought for 1 million francs at the time, was only one hectare, too small to be called an estate, so it had to be called "Le Pin" (Le Pin), without the title of the estate.

3. Chateau Petrus Petrus Estate

Origin: Bordeaux, France, Bologna (POMEROL)

Level: Bologna appellation and no rating

Surface area: 28.20 acres

Grape varieties: 95% Merlot, 5% Furlong

Average age of the trees: 35 years

Planting density: per hectare. >

Cropping density: 6,500 plants per hectare

Average vine yield: 3,600 liters per hectare

Annual production: 25,000 to 30,000 bottles

Cellaring: 20 months in brand new oak casks after the clarification process prior to bottling, no filtration, maturity of 20-40 years.

Bordeaux, France, Bordeaux, Bordeaux Rhone region is mostly small vineyards, of which there are 185 wineries, each of which covers an area of less than 4 hectares, due to the fact that many small wineries only less than 1 hectare of vineyards, the annual production of only two to three hundred boxes, so has almost 12 hectares of vineyards of Patrice, is also regarded as one of the largest area of a manor house. The first appearance of Chateau Patrice was in 1837, when it was already ranked among the top four or five estates in the Bordeaux region. By 1868, Chateau Patrice was recognized as the third largest estate in the region after Vieux Chateau Certan and Trotanoy. Note: The price of Chateau Petrus is now 5 to 6 times more expensive than Chateau Certan and Chateau Trotanoy, so savvy drinkers will prefer to drink Chateau Certan and Chateau Trotanoy, because the price of these two estates is more solid, at least there is no speculation on the constituents of the stock.

In 1925, a hotel owner Mrs. Loubat (Mme. Loubat) from the owner of the Arnaud family (Arnaud) hands after the purchase of the Park Crest Estate, only to change the destiny of the Park Crest Estate, Mrs. Loubat's family in the Bao Bao Long area has two wineries, her brother is the mayor of the city of Libourne (Libourne), and she herself is a successful entrepreneur in the city of Libourne owns a hotel. Libourne. Since acquiring Chateau Petrus, she has fallen in love with it. Mrs. Lombard is committed to building the popularity of Chateau Patrice, first of all, is to raise the price of Patrice wine, so that it is no longer ordinary estate wine, and secondly, is to promote Patrice wine to her acquaintance with the rich and powerful official Quin, and therefore Patrice wine in France's high-level social circles quickly become popular. In order to build up the value of Patrice's wines in the future is to break into the British royal family. When Elizabeth II was engaged, Mrs. Lombard offered Patrice de Chateau wine has been the British royal aristocracy in the cup. So in 1947 when the Queen's wedding was officially held, Mrs. Lombard was also invited, she would also take advantage of this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to bring their own garden of fine wines as far as London, and immediately succeeded in the first-class restaurants in London on the wine label. Mrs. Lombard made good use of this kind of management of the upper class means of communication, later became the cornerstone of the Park Crest estate. 1961 Mrs. Lombard passed away, she had no children, only two sisters have children to inherit, but can not take on the heavy responsibility, so the clever Mrs. Lombard, before she was born has been made arrangements for the shares of the Park Crest estate is divided into three, a let sold to the brewing is very accomplished family of Moueix (Jean) Pierre Moueix), the remaining two-thirds by his nephew.

4. Chateau Ausone

Origin: St. Emilion, Bordeaux. SAINT-EMILION (Bordeaux)

Level: First Class Grand Cru ( A )

Surface area: 17.30 acres

Grape varieties: 50% Furlong, 50% Merlot

Average age of the vines: 50-55 years

Planting density: 6,000-7,000 per hectare

Average yield of the vines: 6,000-7,000 per hectare

An average age of the vines: 50-55 years. Average vine yield:3500 liters per hectare

Annual production:200,000-230,000 bottles

Cellaring:19-23 months in oak barrels

Clarified before bottling, unfiltered, with a maturing period of 10 to 100 years (from 1994)

Saint. The Saint-Emilion region began to establish a grading system in 1954***There are four grades: the highest is Premieres Grands Crus Classes, the second is Grands Crus Classes, the third is Grands Crus Classes, and the third is Grands Crus Classes. Crus Classes, Grands Crus Classes, and Grands Crus Classes, and the fourth class is the St. Emilion Appellation. The fourth class is "AOC St-Emilion". The first rating was revised in 1958, and the second rating was made in 1969. In principle, this area is rated once every ten years, but it is not strictly enforced, and each time there is not much change. It is worth noting that since the first rating was made, the ratings of Chateau Cheval Blanc and Chateau d'Auxonne, which are listed as "Premier Grand Cru Class A", have not changed, and there is only the rating of "Premier Grand Cru Class B", which is listed as "Premier Grand Cru Class B". The "Premieres Grands Crus Classes B", of which there were nine before 1996, were changed, with the addition of two estates in the 1996 rating, Chateau L'Admiral ("Chateau L'Admiral") and Chateau L'Ouzo ("Chateau L'Admiral"). Chateau L'Angelus and Chateau Beau-Sejour-Becot were added to the 1996 ratings, and there were 13 "Grands Crus Classes A and B" ****. The "Premier Grand Cru A" can be compared to the first class estates of the Medoc region, but in different styles. "Auxonne estate" as early as the early 18th century has been the garden, then engaged in the barrel business in the hands of the Cardinal (Catenat) family, the early 19th century transferred to relatives of the Roufage (Lafargue) family, to 1891 and then by relatives of the Challon (Challon) family inheritance. In the earliest generation, the owner of the estate, Cadena, had already named it "Ausonian Manor", around 1781, "Auson" (D. M. Ausonius 310-394) was a Roman professor and poet born in the Roman Empire, and also a member of the Roman Emperor's family, who was born in this area. D. M. Ausonius (310-394) was a Roman professor and poet born in this area during the Roman Empire, and was also the teacher of the Roman Emperor when he was young. Therefore, he was very successful in his official career, and his official position was as high as the Governor of the country and the Elder of the Privy Council at that time. It is impossible to prove that Mr. Ausone planted grapes and drank wine and poetry at the current site of "Ausone Vineyard", so Ausone Wine is also known as "Wine of the Poet". In the 19th century, this estate was already among the best in the "Saint-Emilion" region. St. Emilion" in the 19th century, among the best three or five estates.

5. Chateau Cheval Blanc

Origin: St. Emilion, Bordeaux. Emilion (SAINT-EMILION)

Level: First Class Premier Cru ( A )

Surface area: 91.40 acres

Grape varieties: 58% Furlong, 42% Merlot

Average age of the vines: 45 years

Planting density: 8000 vines per hectare

Average yield: 3500 liters per hectare

Average production: 3,500 liters per hectare

Average production: 3,500 liters per hectare. hectare 3500 liters

Annual production: 100,000 bottles

Cellaring: 18 months in oak barrels

Clarification process before bottling, no filtration, maturation from 10 to 30 years.

The Chateau Cheval Blanc and Chateau d'Ausone are the most familiar wines in St. Emilion. Emelon is the most familiar of the two Premier Grand Cru Classe, "Chateau Cheval Blanc" was formerly part of "Chateau Figeac" (Chateau Figeac), belonging to the Ducass family (Ducass). In 1852, Ducass' daughter married Fourcaud Laussac, who owned a number of vineyards, and the Ducass family took the estate as a dowry, and since then Chateau Cheval Blanc has belonged to the Laussac family. 1927 saw the establishment of a company to centralize the shares. Before 1989, the board of directors was headed by J. Hebrard, the son-in-law of the Lusatian family and rector of the University of Bordeaux, whose high academic and social status enhanced the reputation of Chateau Cheval Blanc, and after his retirement in 1989, the estate was managed by three ladies of the family. In 1989, after Shabak's retirement, the estate was left in the hands of three ladies of the family. "White Horse Manor was officially named in 1853. The original name was changed to "The White Horse" because of a popular story about a former King Henry IV who used to dismount and rest here, and who was famous for his white horse, whose crest was the "White Horse with One Horn". "The name of the inn was Cheval Blanc. "The Cheval Blanc is located in St. Emilion. Although the "White Horse" is located in St. Emilion, but it is next to the Bourgogne region, so the "terroir" is very similar to the "L'Evangile" (Chateau L'Evangile) and "Chateau Conseillon" (Chateau Conseillon). "Chateau L'Evangile and Chateau Conseillante, two famous estates in the Bordeaux region, are only separated by a small road, and are therefore said to be Bordeaux wines. "The second wine, Le Petit Cheval, was launched in 1988, and the 1947 vintage of Le Petit Cheval won the Bordeaux Grand Prix. "The 1947 vintage of Chateau Cheval Blanc won the reputation of "the most perfect red wine of the century" in the Bordeaux region, and since 1991, Chateau Cheval Blanc has employed Pierre Lurton, one of the most renowned winemakers in the Bordeaux region, to be the winemaker of the estate until now. Since 1991, Chateau Cheval Blanc has employed Pierre Lurton, one of the most famous winemakers in Bordeaux, as its winemaker.

6. Chateau Haut Brion Haut Brion (Rouge Ronde) estate

Origin: France Bordeaux Graves (GRAVES) (BESSAC - LEOGNAN) (PESSAC - LEOGNAN)

Level: 1855 rating "first class estate "

Surface area: 160.7 acres

Grape varieties: 45% Cabernet Sauvignon, 37% Merlot, 18% Furlong

Average age of the vines: 36 years

Planting density: 8,000 vines per hectare

Average yield of the vines: 3,500-4,500 liters per hectare

Cellaring: 22 months in oak barrels

Clarification process before bottling, no filtration, maturation 15-40 years.

The Chateau d'Haut-Brion (Rouge Rouge) is a famous and historic estate, which was developed as a vineyard in the 14th century. The old chateau now on the label was laid in 1550, and in 1749 the "Chateau de Haut-Brion" was divided by inheritance, with two thirds of the property going to the Fumel family of the "Chateau de Margaux". At the outbreak of the French Revolution, the Haut-Brion estate was confiscated. In 1801, after the Revolution, the estate was bought back by the owner's son and sold to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Talleyrand. In 1838, it was resold to the Lalieu family, who bought back a third of the estate that had been divided more than a hundred years earlier, and the estate was finally reunited. The Lalieu family owned the estate until the end of World War I. In the 1920s the estate changed hands several times before finally falling into the hands of an American banker, Clarence Dilon. It is said that Clarence Dilon was trying to buy the Chateau Cheval Blanc and Chateau Auxonne, but because of the fog that day, he got lost and came to the Chateau Haut-Brion (Rouge Rouge), which just happened to be on the market, and accidentally made the deal quicker than it should have been. By 1855, the official rating of Bordeaux, almost all the Medoc red wine world, the only exception is located in Graves (Graves) "Haut-Brion (Rouge Rouge) Chateau" red wine, can be compared with the "Latour", "Latour", "Latour", "Latour", "Latour", "Latour", "Latour", "Latour", "Latour", "Latour", "Latour", "Latour", "Latour" and so on. "Chateau Haut-Brion (Rouge) in the Graves region is rated as a first class wine estate alongside Chateau Latour, Chateau Lafite Rothschild and Chateau Margaux. Another reason why Chateau Haut-Brion was honored was that it was not attacked by the root-budding bug, which was a scourge on all the vineyards in the Graves region at the time, but only Chateau Haut-Brion was able to avoid it, and became famous! The estate has been employing staff since 1921. Since 1921, the estate has hired the Graves area's most famous winemaker Georges Delmas (Georges Delmas) is responsible for winemaking, and from 1960 onwards by his son is responsible for winemaking matters, the father of a tiger is not a bad son, his winemaking skills in the Bordeaux region is known as the master level, more comparable to the "Patrice Estate" winemaker.

7. Chateau Margaux Margaux

Origin: Bordeaux Margaux District (MARGAUX)

Level: 1855 rating (the first level of the manor)

Surface area: 192.70 acres

Grape varieties: 75% Cabernet Sauvignon, 20% Merlot, 5% Furlong and a small Weiduo

Average age of the vines. p>

Average age of vines: 35 years

Planting density: 10,000 vines per hectare

Average yield of vines: 4,500 liters per hectare

Annual production: 200,000 bottles

Cellaring: 18-24 months in oak casks

Clarified before bottling, unfiltered, with a ripening period of 15-35 years.

The Margaux region, with 22 wines in the 1855 Médoc rating, is the only region with wines ranging from first growths to fifth growths. The first growth of the Margaux region is the estate that bears this name. Chateau Margaux has a long history, so the property has changed hands particularly badly, Margaux appellation in the 13th century, there was a castle to defend against pirates. Like Chateau Latour, it was one of the earliest buildings in the Médoc region and was later transformed into a vineyard. In the 15th century, the ownership of the "Chateau de Margaux" changed hands among the local nobility. Around 1860, it fell into the hands of the noble D'Aulede family. In 1755, the owner became Baron de Margaux, with a title of Lord of Margaux. The estate then changed hands frequently in the course of complex marriages among the nobility. It remained in the hands of the nobility until the eve of the French Revolution. The bloodshed that followed the French Revolution also spread to Chateau Margaux. D'Agricourt, the owner of the estate, died abroad, and his wife and father-in-law were all guillotined. The Margaux estate was confiscated and auctioned off by the revolutionary government, and was bought by B. de la Conlonilla in 1802. He built a Greek-style building similar to the White House in the United States and inaugurated it in 1810, making it the most elegant estate in Bordeaux. The second wine of Chateau Margaux is Pavillon Rouge Du Chateau Margaux. Only red wine can be called Pavillon Rouge Du Chateau Margaux. Pavillon Blanc Du Chateau Margaux cannot be called Second Wine. The white wine can only be called white wine produced by Chateau Margaux.

8. Chateau Mouton Rothschild Wudang (Mouton) Estate

Origin: Bordeaux, France, Pauillac (PAUILLAC)

Level: 1973 rating (first class estate)

Surface area: 192.7 acres

Grape varieties: 77% Cabernet Sauvignon, 11% Merlot, 10% Fauvignon. 11% Merlot, 10% Franc, 2% Petit Verdot

Average age of vines: 45 years

Planting density: 8,500 plants per hectare

Average yield of vines: 4,000 to 5,000 liters per hectare

Annual production: 300,000 bottles

Cellaring: 19-22 months in oak barrels

Clarification process before bottling, no filtration, maturing for 15-20 years.

Wu Tang (Mouton) estate is located in a small hill, may be very suitable for shepherding in the past, otherwise it would not be named after "sheep" (MOUTON). 1725 years ago a nobleman Zu - Bray (JOSEPH DE BRANE) will be the original garden properly organized and renamed "Bray - Wu Dang" (BRANE-MOUTON), his grandson Kate (HECTOR) Baron and neighbors Damerick (D') His grandson Baron HECTOR and his neighbor D' ARMAIHACQ introduced Cabernet Sauvignon grapes to this estate and the Medoc region, and thus became a famous owner in the region. 1830, Baron HECTOR transferred and sold this estate to the banking magnate Baron NATHANIEL DE ROTHSCHILD of the ROTHSCHILD family, renaming it "ROTHSCHILD-WUDONG". ". Luo Fuqi family is a Jew, the family originated from Frankfurt, Germany, is a banking family. In London, England, one of the family for the payment of the then British Marshal Wilson's Iron Hut battle funds and was granted a baronetcy by the King of England, and later it was the house Rohfuschild family purchased the "Wu-Tang Rohfuschild" manor. Nathaniel purchased this manor, his cousin Jimmies (JAMES), in 15 years after the 1868 also purchased, "Lafite Rothschild", so that the Luo Fuqi family has all of France's most famous two manors at once. However, Baron Nathaniel bought the "Wu-Tang Clan" and did not make it the top manor, because the "Wu-Tang Clan" did not have a decent room to live, so the baron himself did not live here. He died in 1870 and Baron James (his cousin), who succeeded him, died in 1881 at the ripe old age of 37, leaving his widow to inherit the estate until 1920 when it passed to his son Henry. He was a district student and artist who had no interest in making wine or managing the vineyards, and did not want to leave Paris, the capital of the arts. So he handed over the estate to his second son, Baron Philippe, who officially became the owner of Chateau Vuitton on October 22nd, 1922, at the age of 20, with the ambition of elevating Chateau Vuitton to the same level as the neighboring Chateau Latour. "Chateau Latour" and "Chateau Lafite Rothschild" of his relatives to the same level. In the official rating of 1855, "Chateau Wudang" was only classified as a second-class estate, which was a great shame for the young Baron Philippe, so he was determined and fully committed to improve the facilities and environment of the estate as well as the winemaking technology. Since then, the quality of "Wu-Tang Clan" wines has continued to improve.

9. Chateau Latour

Origin: Bordeaux, France (PAUILLAC)

Level: 1855 and 1973 ratings of the "first class"

Surface area: 160.5 acres

Grape varieties: 75% Cabernet Franc

Grape varieties: 75% Cabernet Franc

The wine is made from a variety of grapes. p>Varietals: 75% Cabernet Sauvignon, 20% Merlot, 4% Franc, 1% Petit Verdot

Average age of the vines: 40 years

Planting density: 10,000 vines per hectare

Average yield of the vines: 4,500 liters per hectare

Annual production: 175,000 bottles

Cellar: 17 months in barrels

Casking: 17 months in oak

Bottling: 1,000 bottles per hectare

Cellar: 2,000 bottles per year. /p>

Clarified before bottling, unfiltered, maturing for 20-50 years.

The chateau of Chateau Latour is located at the mouth of the Gironde River in Bordeaux. Built by the English in the 15th century, the chateau was originally built to prevent pirates, and later became the site of the Hundred Years' War between England and France. Chateau Latour was developed into a vineyard in the 16th century, and after being bought by the private secretary of Louis XIV of France in 1670, the Chateau fell into the hands of the De Claussel family in 1677 due to a marriage. Until 1695, Marie Claussel (Marie T, De Claussel) married the heir to the "Lafite Rothschild" Duke Alexandre (Alexandre De Segur), the Claussel family "Latour estate" as a dowry. As a dowry, the estate became the property of the Segur family. However, with the decline of the Segur family, the "Chateau Latour" and the "Chateau Lafite Rothschild" were inherited by the eldest daughter and her son, who later gave the "Chateau Latour" to his three sisters-in-law. At this time, "Lafite Rothschild" and "Chateau Latour" were formally separated. The French Revolution, the Siegel family of the Count of Cabanne still owns a quarter of the property rights of the "Chateau Latour", but because of the Count's exile, the revolutionary government will be this quarter of the property rights auction, after several changes of hands, this quarter of the property rights by the Bowen (Beaumont) family to buy. In order to avoid the manor was divided, so the family set up a legal person according to law, "Latour manor" is not due to inheritance problems and be divided. In 1963, the Beaumont family sold 79% of its shares in Latour to the Pearson & Harveys of Bristol. Harveys Of Bristol.) To 26 years later in 1989, "Latour Estate" has become the Harveys group owners of the Ribeiro Alliance Group in the United Kingdom Pearson group to buy back Latour shares in the hands of the group. 1993, France's department store giant "spring" (Printemps) department store The owner of the French department store "Spring" (Printemps) in 1993, Francois Pinnault (Francois Pinnault) to "Chateau Latour" of the main control of the purchase, the current "Chateau Latour" owner is this Mr. Francois Pinnault.

10.Chateau Lafite Rothschild Lafite Rothschild

Origin: Bordeaux, France, Medoc Pauillac (PAUILLAC)

Level: 1855 and 1973 ratings "first class estate"

Surface area. : 247 acres

Varietals: 70% Cabernet Sauvignon, 25% Merlot, 3% Franc, 2% Petit Verdot.

Average vine age: 45 years

Cropping density: 7,500 plants per hectare

Average yield: 4,800 hectares per hectare

Annual production:210,000

Bottle cellaring: 16 to 20 months in new oak barrels.

Clarification process before bottling, no filtration, 30 to 50 years of ageing.

The earliest historical record of Lafite dates back to 1234 AD in France. At that time, abbeys were found in villages and towns of all sizes, and the abbey of Vertheuil, north of Pouillyard in Bordeaux, France, is where Chateau Lafite Rothschild is located today. Chateau Lafite has been the property of medieval lords since the 14th century. In the Gasconian dialect (Gascon, the Pyrenees region of southwestern France, formerly known as Gascony), "La Fite" means "the hill", hence the name "Lafite". The name "La Fite" is derived from the word "La Fite", which means "hill" in the Chinese. At this time, vines were already being planted on the land. But it was not until the 17th century that the Segal family arrived. It was in their hands that Lafite became known as a large vineyard.