The scientific name of soybean cultivation is Giycine max(L)Merrill, and its alias is soybean (including green beans, black beans, purple beans and spotted tea beans). Soybean originated in China has the richest nutritional value, and is known as "the king of beans", "plant meat" and "green cow". Dry soybeans contain about 40% high-quality protein, which is the highest among other cereals. However, some studies show that it is best for men to eat less soy products. In the whole growth and development stage, the amount of estrogen consumed by men will directly affect the quality and fertility of sperm in the future, and excessive intake of estrogen may even lead to testicular cancer in men's later years. Studies clearly show that the more soybeans men eat, the lower the sperm quality, especially those men who already have fertility problems. You'd better not eat too much soybeans. Men who like vegetarianism should pay special attention to soy products as the main food to avoid excessive estrogen intake. Men should also pay attention to eating more fresh food and less processed food. Because many meat processed foods (such as sausages, canned food, etc. In fact, a certain amount of soybeans, that is, soybean protein, have been added. Although this can reduce the production cost, it is easy for people who are not suitable for eating soybeans for a long time to ingest estrogen. The nutrition and health care of soybean protein contains more lysine and less methionine. In rural areas dominated by plant foods, attention should be paid to the use of soy products with foods rich in methionine, such as rice, flour and other cereals and eggs such as chickens, ducks, pigeons and quails, which can improve the utilization rate of soy protein. When eggs and beans are eaten together, their nutritional value is comparable to that of meat protein. Soybean contains a fatty substance called linoleic acid, which can promote children's nerve development. Linoleic acid can also lower blood cholesterol, so it is a good food to prevent hypertension, coronary heart disease and arteriosclerosis. In addition, soybean is rich in B vitamins and inorganic salts such as calcium, phosphorus and iron. Although dried soybeans do not contain vitamin C, they can produce vitamin C after germination, which can be supplemented in the off-season of vegetables. Raw soybean contains antitrypsin factor, which affects the absorption of nutrients in soybean. Therefore, the cooking time of soybeans and foods made from soybeans should be longer than that of ordinary foods, and these factors should be destroyed by high temperature to improve the nutritional value of soybean protein. The protein content of soybean is as high as 40%, and the quality can reach about 50%, which is more than twice that of lean pork, three times that of eggs and 12 times that of milk. The amino acid composition of soybean protein is close to the amino acid needed by human body, which belongs to complete protein, and the lysine content is relatively high. Every100g of soybean contains about 35.8mg of iron, 465,438+08mg of phosphorus, and vitamin B 1b2de. Modern medical research believes that soybean does not contain cholesterol, but also contains a substance that inhibits pancreatin, which has a certain curative effect on diabetes. Soybean is recommended by nutritionists as an ideal health care product to prevent and treat coronary heart disease, hypertension and atherosclerosis. Phospholipids contained in soybeans are an important part of human brain cells. Eating soybeans often plays an important role in increasing and improving brain skills. Chinese medicine believes that taking soybean can make people grow skin, benefit color, replenish essence, strengthen strength, tonify deficiency and stimulate appetite. It is a nourishing food suitable for the weak, and has the functions of invigorating qi and nourishing blood, invigorating spleen and regulating stomach, calming the heart and calming the nerves. In addition, it also contains vitamins A, B, D, E and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and iron. A catty of soybean contains 55 mg of iron, which is easily absorbed and utilized by the human body and is very beneficial to iron deficiency anemia; A kilo of soybean contains 2855 mg of phosphorus, which is very beneficial to the brain and nerves. All kinds of bean products after soybean processing not only contain high protein content, but also contain many essential amino acids that cannot be synthesized by human body. The protein digestibility of cholesterol content in tofu is as high as 95%, which is an ideal tonic and dietetic product. Soybean, bean products such as tofu and soybean milk have become popular healthy foods all over the world. Soybeans and bean products can be used as medicine. Chinese medicine believes that soybean has the effects of invigorating spleen and qi, clearing away heat and toxic materials. Shennong's Herbal Classic says: "Raw soybeans are sweet and flat. In addition to carbuncle swelling, ... pain relief "; "Herbology Association" said that "relieving qi in the middle, benefiting the large intestine and eliminating edema and toxin"; Bean products such as tofu, soybean milk and bean sprouts have the functions of invigorating qi, harmonizing the spleen and stomach and slightly distending. The book of prolonging life says: "... if you have diarrhea for a long time, just fry it with white tofu vinegar." The stick is bruised and the tofu slices are burnt, which is easy. " Bean sprouts are also called yellow bean rolls. Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica says: "Yellow bean rolls are sweet in taste and flat in nature. They are mainly used for dampness and knee pain." Mung beans, peas and soybeans have similar nutritional components, medical and cosmetic values, and can be substituted for each other. Chinese medicine believes that beans have good moisturizing, blackening and whitening effects. Li Shizhen said in Compendium of Materia Medica that it has the functions of "blushing and white ears, never haggard" and "making bathing beans radiant"; "Herbal Supplement" holds that bean flour "will not turn white after long service and will never grow old"; Famous doctors don't record that soybean sprouts have the function of "blackening hair and moistening skin and fur" "Fat White Formula" ("Elbow Queen") only uses soybean sprouts and grinds them into bean powder to make honey pills. After oral administration, it can stimulate appetite and make thin people fat and white. Soybean flour is a commonly used medicine for making flour formula in Tang Dynasty, and it is also an ideal substrate for making bath beans. Bath bean is a kind of clean skin care cosmetics for washing hands and faces in ancient times, and it is a necessary beauty product for officials, nobles and ordinary people. As Sun Simiao said in "A Thousand Daughters' Wings", "Fat face and hand cream, fragrant clothes and shadow on the temples, and bathing beans are all what scholars want. "Spiced powder with peas (that is, peas) as the main medicine is used to gently wipe your face every morning and evening, just like scrubbing with soap. After ten days, the black or red and purple on the face will begin to fade. If you persist in using it for one year, your face will be white, clean and moist, which is different from others. The soybean in The Elbow Queen is a secret recipe adopted by Yang Di's harem. Black beans are soaked in vinegar for one or two nights, heated and boiled, and then the dregs are removed and concentrated with low fire. After application, you can get the effect of "dyeing hair, adding black to white, black as paint". Although this formula is not as effective as modern chemical hair dyes, it shows that the ancients have long known the external hair dyeing effect of soybeans. Soybeans and "Old Three Articles" Old Shanghainese like to eat soybeans, especially three kinds of dishes made of soybeans: fried soybeans with snow vegetables, fried soybeans with pickles and fried soybeans with dried radishes, and affectionately call these three dishes "Old Three Articles". In the past hard years, "Lao San pian" was welcomed by most ordinary families because of its delicious taste and high nutritional value, and also became the most precious memory of Shanghainese childhood. Sauté ed soybeans with sauerkraut: Ingredients: 250g of edamame kernel, 0/30g of sauerkraut/kloc, and 0/00g of shredded pork/kloc. Seasoning: sugar 10g, cooking wine 10g, chicken essence 2g, and a little starch. Practice: 1 sauerkraut is washed and cut into powder for later use; 2 Stir the shredded pork with wine and starch, and let it stand for about 15 minutes. 3 add oil to the hot pot, stir-fry the shredded pork after the oil temperature is reached, and take it out for later use after it is cooked; 4 Put the oil in another pot, stir-fry the edamame kernels after the oil temperature is high, stir-fry the snow vegetables a few times, add a little water, add sugar and chicken essence, and cook for 2 minutes on high fire; 5 pour the shredded pork back into the pot and stir well. Stir-fried soybean with dried radish Ingredients: 200g of soybean kernel, 200g of dried radish in Xiaoshan, and half a teaspoon of sugar. Practice: 1 Wash and dice dried radish for later use; 2. Add oil to the hot pot, stir-fry the soybeans 1 min after the oil temperature reaches, and then stir-fry the dried radish; Add a little water, add sugar, cook for 2 minutes on medium heat, and then take out the pan and plate. Pea alias: honey bean, honey bean and mung bean. The area near Shanghai is called "Little Cold Bean". Leguminosae pea belongs to Leguminosae, iris subfamily, and belongs to pea. The shape of pea seeds varies with varieties, mostly spherical, oval, oblate, concave and shriveled. Colors are yellow and white, green, red, rose, brown, black and so on. Peas can be fried as vegetables, and seeds can be ground into pea powder when they are ripe. Because peas and beans are round, bright green and very beautiful, they are often used as side dishes to increase the color of dishes and promote appetite. Dutch beans are peas in pods. After frying, they are green, crisp and delicious. Bean seedlings are seedlings with 2 ~ 4 leaves sprouted from peas, which are tender and fragrant, and are most suitable for soup. Their nutritional value is roughly the same as that of peas. Use 1. Seeds, tender pods and seedlings are edible; Seeds contain starch and oil, which have the functions of strengthening, diuresis and antidiarrheal in medicine; 2。 Stem and leaf can cool and relieve summer heat; And used as green manure and feed. Peas are divided into two categories according to their uses, 1. Pea for grain: the flowers are purplish red or grayish blue, the stipules, axils, bean stalks and petioles are purplish red, and the seeds are dark gray or mottled, so it is also called "Ma pea", which is used for grain making and starch making, and is often cultivated as a field crop. 2. Vegetable peas: flowers are often white, with no purplish red between stipules and axils, and seeds are white, yellow, green, pink or other light colors. There are two kinds of fruit pods: soft pods and hard pods. Soft pods are edible when tender, hard pods are tough, young seeds are edible, and tender pods are inedible. Varieties used as vegetables include "Xiaoqing Pod" and "Shanghai White Bean". The young leaves of pea pods and bean sprouts are rich in vitamin C and enzymes that can decompose nitrosamines in the body, thus preventing cancer. Pea is different from ordinary vegetables, it contains acid, gibberellin, phytohemagglutinin and other substances, which have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects and enhance metabolism. Dutch beans and bean sprouts are rich in dietary fiber, which can prevent constipation and clear the intestines. 1. Enhance human immune function: peas are rich in various nutrients needed by human body, especially high-quality protein, which can improve human body's disease resistance and rehabilitation ability. 2. Cancer prevention: peas are rich in carotene, which can prevent the synthesis of carcinogens after eating. 3. Tongli large intestine: peas are rich in crude fiber. Relevant people and the general population can eat the production instructions 1. Peas can be used as staple food, and grinding peas into pea powder is the raw material for making cakes, bean stuffing, vermicelli, bean jelly, noodles and flavored snacks. The tender pods and beans of peas can be used as vegetables or canned food. 2. Eating too much peas will lead to bloating, so it is not suitable for long-term consumption. Peas are suitable for cooking with foods rich in amino acids, which can obviously improve the nutritional value of peas. 3. Many vermicelli are made of bean starch such as peas. Alum is often added during processing, which will increase aluminum in the body and affect health. Fried peas are particularly difficult to digest, and overeating can cause indigestion and bloating. 5. Used to quench thirst: peas are moderate, cooked lightly, and often eaten; For deficiency of both qi and blood: pea and mutton stew. Therapeutic effect peas are sweet and flat, belonging to the spleen and stomach meridian; Has the effects of invigorating qi, relieving diarrhea, regulating camp, promoting health, inducing diuresis, eliminating carbuncle and swelling, and relieving the toxicity of milk stone; Corn pea soup is used to treat beriberi, carbuncle, milk obstruction, spleen and stomach discomfort, hiccup and vomiting, swelling and pain in the heart, thirst and diarrhea. 1. Wash the corn kernels, steam them in the pot for 1 hour, and take them out; 2. Cut the pineapple into grains the size of corn kernels; 3. Soak the medlar in water; 4. Heat the pot and add 1500g water; 5. After the rock sugar is boiled, add corn, medlar, pineapple and peas to cook; 6. thicken with wet starch water. Boil spiced peas, wash them, put them in a pot, and add pepper, aniseed, refined salt, pepper, ginger, monosodium glutamate, etc. , cooked and served. Crispy pea 1. Wash the tender peas, drain the water, fry them in a 60% hot oil pan, and take them out for later use; 2. Put the pine nuts in the oil pan and fry until crisp; 3. Seed and pedicel the sweet red pepper and cut it into rice grains; 4. Put 50g vegetable oil on the fire and heat it to 50%. Stir-fry peas, pine nuts and sweet red pepper rice for a few times, add salt, monosodium glutamate, drizzle red oil and pepper oil, and serve. Every 100g pea contains: energy 105kcal, protein 7.4g, fat 0.3g, carbohydrate 2 1.2g, folic acid 82.6g, dietary fiber 3g, vitamin A 37g, carotene 220g, thiamine 0.43mg, riboflavin 0.09mg, and vitamin A 37g.. Vitamin E 1.2 1 mg, calcium 2 1 mg, phosphorus 127 mg, potassium 332 mg, sodium 1.2 mg, iodine 0.9 mg, magnesium 43 mg and iron1.