The origin and origin of Chongyang Festival
The origin and origin of Chongyang Festival, China's long history and cultural heritage, thousands of years down the line, we have a lot of special festivals, traditional festivals on behalf of us for the inheritance of culture and carry forward, so we can not forget, the following share the origin and origin of Chongyang Festival.
The origin of the Chongyang Festival and the origin of 1
The ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar each year, for the traditional Chongyang Festival, also known as the "Festival of the Elderly". Because the "I Ching" in the "six" as the number of yin, the "nine" as the number of yang, September 9, the sun and the moon and yang, the two nine heavy, so it is called Chung Yeung, also known as Chung Kau. Chongyang Festival has been formed as early as the Warring States period, to the Tang Dynasty, Chongyang was officially designated as a folk festival, and since then it has been inherited by successive dynasties. The name "Chongyang Festival" was first recorded in the Three Kingdoms era. According to Cao Pi's "The Book of the Ninth Day and the Book of Zhongtou", "The years go by and the months come and go, and suddenly it is the ninth day of the ninth month of the ninth lunar month. Nine is the number of Yang, and the sun and the moon and should be, the common people praise its name, think it is suitable for a long time, so to enjoy the feast will be high."
The origin and customs of the Chung Yeung Festival
The origin of the Chung Yeung Festival?
Chongyang Festival (the double ninth festival) on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, for the traditional Chongyang Festival, also known as the "Festival of the Elderly". Because the "I Ching" in the "six" as the number of yin, the "nine" as the number of yang, September 9, the sun and the moon and yang, the two nine heavy, so it is called Chung Yeung, also known as Chung Kau. Chongyang Festival has been formed as early as in the Warring States period, to the Tang Dynasty, Chongyang was officially designated as a folk festival, and has been inherited by successive dynasties since then.
Autumn sends a refreshing, Dan Gui fragrance, the first nine days of September in the lunar calendar, Chongyang Festival, rich in activities, fun, there are climbing, chrysanthemum appreciation, drink chrysanthemum wine, eat Chongyang cake, insert cornelian cherry, and so on.
What are the customs of Chongyang Festival?
First, climb up
In ancient times, the folk in the Chongyang has the custom of climbing up, so the Chongyang Festival is also known as the "festival of the heights". It is rumored that this custom began in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, there were many poems written by literati, most of which were about the customs of the Chongyang Festival; Du Fu's "Ascension" is a famous piece of writing about ascending to the heights of the Chongyang Festival. There is no standardized rule on where to go, but generally it is to climb high mountains and towers. There is also the custom of eating "Chongyang cake".
Second, eat Chung Yeung cake
According to historical records, Chung Yeung cake, also known as flower cake, chrysanthemum cake, five-color cake, the system is not fixed, more random. September 9 when the sky is bright, with a piece of cake on the children's forehead, the mouth read the words, wishing the children a hundred things are high, is the intention of the ancients in September for the cake. The delicate Chongyang cake to be made into nine layers, like a pagoda, the top is also made into two small sheep, in line with the meaning of Chongyang (sheep). Some also inserted a small red paper flag on the cake, and light candles. This is probably the "light", "eat cake" instead of "high" meaning, with a small red paper flag instead of cornelian cherry. Today's Chongyang cake, there is still no fixed varieties, all over the Chongyang Festival to eat the fluffy cakes are called Chongyang cake.
Third, enjoy chrysanthemums and drink chrysanthemum wine
Chrysanthemum Festival is the golden autumn of the year, the chrysanthemums are in full bloom, according to legend, enjoy chrysanthemums and drink chrysanthemum wine, originated in the Jin Dynasty, the great poet Tao Yuanming. Tao Yuanming was famous for his hermitage, poetry, wine, and love of chrysanthemums; later generations followed his example, and the custom of chrysanthemum-appreciation at the Chrysanthemum Festival came into being. In the old days, the literati and scholars also combined chrysanthemum-appreciation with banquets and drinks, in order to get closer to Tao Yuanming. In Kaifeng, the capital of Northern Song Dynasty, the chrysanthemum-appreciation style was prevalent, and there were many varieties of chrysanthemums with a variety of shapes. Folk also called the ninth month of the lunar calendar "the month of chrysanthemums", and in the Chrysanthemum Festival where chrysanthemums blossomed in the frost, viewing chrysanthemums became an important part of the festival. After the Qing Dynasty, the practice of chrysanthemum appreciation is particularly prosperous, and is not limited to the ninth day of the ninth month, but is still the most prosperous before and after the Chrysanthemum Festival.
Four, insert dogwood and hairpin chrysanthemums
The custom of inserting dogwoods on the Chongyang Festival has been common in the Tang Dynasty. Ancient people believed that in the Chongyang Festival on this day insert cornelian cherry can take refuge in disaster; or wear in the arm, or as incense bag to put cornelian cherry inside the belt, there are inserted in the head. Mostly women, children wear, some places, men also wear. Chrysanthemum Festival to wear cornelian cherry, in the Jin Dynasty Ge Hong "Western Scripture Miscellany" has been recorded. In addition to wearing cornelian cherry, people also wear chrysanthemums on their heads. This was already the case in the Tang Dynasty and has been practiced throughout the ages. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of the Chongyang Festival in Beijing was to put chrysanthemum branches and leaves on doors and windows to "lift up the evils and attract good luck". This is a variation of the head hairpin chrysanthemum. Song Dynasty, there will be colorful silk cut into cornelian cherry, chrysanthemum to give each other to wear.
The origin of the festival and the origin of 2
From the traditional Chinese culture "I Ching", the ninth is a "Yang" Dengqin day, the earth's gas is rising, the weather is falling, the ancients in order to avoid contact with the improper gas, climb to avoid evil.
Folklore in the Chongyang Festival to climb high to avoid evil said, with the Liang Dynasty Wu Jun wrote the "renewed Qi Harmony" book. The book recorded Ru Nan Huanjing about.
Huan Jing went around looking for a teacher to visit the Tao, and met a magical immortal in the mountains. Subsequently, Huan Jing worshipped as a teacher, sleep and eat hard to learn and practice, and learned to become a magical skills.
One day, the master told Huanjing: on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar, the plague demon will come out to do evil again, and there is a disaster in your home, so hurry back, let your family members insert the cornelianthus capsule and tie it on your arm, and then take chrysanthemum wine with your family members to the mountain peaks to climb up to the mountains, and go to the mountains to drink.
Huan Jing did according to this person, and in the evening, they returned home from the mountains to find that the family's cattle, sheep, dogs and other livestock all died a violent death.
Huan Jing used the `martial arts' he had learned, and with the cornelian leaves, chrysanthemum wine, and demon-subduing swordsmanship given to him by his master, he succeeded in stabbing the demon of the plague to death.
So the custom of ascending the heights on the ninth day of the ninth month, inserting cornelian cherry leaves and drinking chrysanthemum wine has been passed down to the present day.
The reason why the traditional folk culture, the late autumn of September 9, the festival, also known as the "Treading Autumn", is because he is related to the spring March 3 trekking.
The book "Moonlighting 72 Waiting Collection" says: "September Festival, dew cold, will condense."
Chung Yeung Festival coincides with the golden autumn in September, the sky is high, all over the green and yellow, full of fruits and trees fragrant, a harvest in the hope of a beautiful scene, it is the literati and writers to express their feelings of the best season.
However, the four seasons of the year in the fall, the Big Dipper refers to the west, the five elements for the gold, the main suicidal gas, when the autumn wind blowing, it is inevitable that the autumn winds fall leaves, a piece of depression, so that people produce lovesickness, sadness.
"Chongyang" is after the frost, winter is about to hide with a sense of ceremony when the fall tour, so the folklore has on the Si "trekking", "trekking spring," Chongyang "quit green", "step in the fall" said.
Jiuzhongyang Festival is one of China's traditional festivals, also known as the "Festival of the Elderly".
In the I Ching, the number "6" is the yin number and the number "9" is the yang number. September 9, the sun and moon and Yang, the two nine overlap, so called heavy nine. "Nine" of the attainment of sound is "long time", that is, the meaning of long, so the folk people, in this day will be introduced to worship ancestors and respect for the elderly and love the elderly activities.
What are the habits of the ancients in the Chrysanthemum Festival, "Treading Autumn"? The "source of easy edge" noted that people generally in the day of the Chongyang Festival with their families to climb high to avoid disaster, wearing dogwood, chrysanthemums, chrysanthemum wine.
"Compendium of Materia Medica" says, "Chrysanthemum" has the effect of brightening the eyes, tonifying the liver and qi, resting the intestines and fear, benefiting the blood, lightening the body, treating dizziness, lowering blood pressure, and losing weight. It has the effect of getting rid of diseases and prolonging life, and is rumored to be able to ward off evil spirits and disasters. Historically, it has been loved by people.
The Wei general Zhong Hui in the "Chrysanthemum Fugue", chrysanthemum has been called "immortal food".
Su Shi, a great poet, insisted on eating chrysanthemums throughout his life, eating chrysanthemum seedlings in spring, chrysanthemum leaves in summer, chrysanthemum flowers in autumn, and chrysanthemum roots in winter.
There is also a folk proverb: "Drinking radish soup, the whole family will not suffer".
Some people eat spicy radish soup at the Chung Yeung Festival.
In Shandong Heze Jancheng folk say that the Chongyang Festival is the birthday of the God of Wealth, and every family burns a cake to sacrifice to the God of Wealth.
Tengzhou, Zaozhuang, Shandong Province, less than three years married to the daughter, taboo to go back to her mother's home for the festival, which stems from the "home for the Chung Yeung Festival, the death of her mother-in-law," said.
The origin of the Chongyang Festival:
According to legend, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, there is a plague in the River Ru, as long as it appeared, families will be sick, and even every day, people died, the people in the area suffered from the plague of the devil's ravages, a terrible sight.
At that time, there was a young man named Hengjing, the plague took away his parents, and almost killed himself. After he recovered from the plague, he left his beloved wife and relatives, and went out to visit the immortals to learn the art of ridding the people of the plague. Hengjing finally found an immortal with infinite power in an ancient mountain, gave him a sword to subdue demons and taught him the art of subduing demons in secret. Hengjing was sleepless, practicing day and night, and finally developed an extraordinary martial arts.
One day, the immortal called Hengjing to him and said: "Tomorrow is the ninth day of the ninth month, the plague demon will come out to do evil again, now your skills have been learned, you should go back to the people to get rid of the evil!" . At this time, the immortal gave Hengjing a packet of cornelian cherry leaves, a bottle of chrysanthemum wine, and taught him the secret of avoiding evil spirits, so that Hengjing immediately rode the immortal crane and rushed back home.
Hengjing returned to his hometown, and on the morning of September 9, he led the townspeople to a nearby mountain as the immortal had instructed, and gave each person a piece of cornelian cherry leaf and a cup of chrysanthemum wine. At noon, the north wind sprang up, the sky was dark, with a few mournful roars, the plague demon rushed out of the River Ru and swooped down to the mountain. At this time, the plague demon suddenly smelled cornelian cherry and chrysanthemum wine mellow aroma, shivering, do not dare to move forward. When it was too late, Hengjing held a sword to subdue the demon, and after several rounds of fierce struggle, stabbed the demon to death and eliminated the plague. From then on, every year on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar, the custom of ascending to the heights to avoid the epidemic has been passed down year after year.
In the traditional concept of the Chinese people, double nine symbolizes a long life, health and longevity, so people Chongyang Festival is also called the Festival of the Elderly. As early as the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, Qu Yuan in the "far travel" wrote: "set Chongyang into the emperor's palace Ruoxi, made ten years and watch the beginning of the Qingdu". Cao Pi of the Three Kingdoms said in "The Book of the Ninth Day and Zhong Yao": "The year goes by and the month comes and goes, and suddenly it is the ninth day of the ninth month of the ninth lunar month. Nine is the number of Yang, and the sun and the moon and should be, the popular Ka its name, thought it is suitable for a long time, so to enjoy the feast high meeting."
Chrysanthemum Festival customs:
1, climbing: the ancient folk festival of the Chrysanthemum Festival has the custom of climbing, so the Chrysanthemum Festival is also known as the "Denggao Festival". According to legend, this custom began in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Tang Dynasty literati wrote a lot of poems, especially Du Fu's "Ascension" is the most famous:
The wind and sky high apes whistling wail, islet clear sand white birds fly back.
The trees are falling down, and the Yangtze River is rolling by.
Miles of sadness in the fall, often as a guest, a hundred years of disease alone on the stage.
The hardest thing to do is to hate the people in your life, and the most difficult thing to do is to stop drinking.
The so-called high, there is no uniform provisions, but is to climb the mountains, climb the tower, raise their eyes far away, enjoy the scenery.
2, chrysanthemum appreciation, drinking chrysanthemum wine: Chongyang Festival coincides with the autumn season, chrysanthemums in full bloom, rumor has it that chrysanthemum appreciation and drinking chrysanthemum wine, originated in Jin Tao Yuanming. Tao Yuanming was famous for his seclusion, poetry, wine and love of chrysanthemums. Later generations followed his example, and the custom of enjoying chrysanthemums at the Chung Yeung Festival came into being. In the old days, the literati also combined chrysanthemum appreciation with feasting and drinking to look like Tao Yuanming.
The chrysanthemum appreciation style was prevalent in the Chrysanthemum Festival, when chrysanthemums came in many varieties and shapes. Folk also called the ninth month of the lunar calendar "the month of chrysanthemums", and in the Chrysanthemum Festival, where chrysanthemums blossomed, chrysanthemum viewing became an important part of the festival.
3, insert cornelian cherry, hairpin chrysanthemum: Chongyang Festival insert cornelian cherry custom, in the Tang Dynasty has been very common. Ancient people believe that in the Chongyang Festival this day insert cornelian cherry can take refuge from disasters, so many women and children will be cornelian cherry on the arm, or inserted in the head. Chrysanthemum Festival to wear cornelian cherry, in the Jin Dynasty Ge Hong "Western Scripture Miscellany" has been recorded. In addition to wearing cornelian cherry, there are chrysanthemums on the head, "lifting the evil, in order to attract good luck".
4, enjoy the fall: Chongyang Festival is the best time to enjoy the fall, some mountain villages in southern China has retained the "sunshine autumn" features. Go to "sunshine autumn" is a typical agricultural phenomenon, with strong regional characteristics. In Hunan, Guangxi, Anhui, Jiangxi and other villagers living in mountainous areas, due to the complex terrain, the village has very little flat land, had to use the front and back of the house and the roof of their own windowsill frame sun, hanging sun crops, over time has evolved into a traditional agricultural phenomenon.