Bean Dan is also a bean insect

Bean insect cultivation

If you only want to raise bean insects (bean hornworms), you don’t need to fertilize; If both are considered, fertilization is still necessary. Some techniques are provided below:

Restocking period:

According to field survey observations, local bean moth larvae mostly occur from mid-to-late July to early August, and from the end of August to early September They are gradually buried and overwintered. From the perspective of larvae individual development, advancing the appropriate stocking period is conducive to larvae feeding and growth and increasing individual worm weight. If it is too late, it will not develop to the fifth instar, and the insect body will be small, which will affect the larval production.

Comprehensive analysis: It is appropriate to release bean hornworm larvae in the early stages of soybean pod formation from late July to early August, and early to early to mid-July. At this time, the soybean leaves are growing vigorously and the bean leaves have fully expanded. The inserted 1-2 instar larvae are small, eat less, and have little impact on the growth of soybeans, thus minimizing the interaction between the growth of bean pods and the growth of larvae, and obtaining the greatest comprehensive benefits.

Selection of soybean varieties:

In order to provide as much bean leaf food as possible, soybean varieties should be selected with tall plants, vigorous growth, and unlimited pod-forming habits of large and numerous leaves. The type can increase the amount of insects raised and increase the larvae production per unit area.

Determine the amount of insects to be raised based on the growth of soybeans:

Bean fields with good growth and lush branches and leaves can be appropriately raised. On the contrary, the amount of insects should be reduced. If there is too much stocking, although the total number of insects will increase, the economic benefits will be poor due to lack of food and poor development of the insects. Judging from this experiment, it is appropriate to stock 10-15 1-2 instar larvae per square meter.

Influence of natural enemies:

Under the conditions of outdoor fields, bean moth larvae will also be parasitized and fed by parasitic flies, praying mantises, frogs and birds, thus affecting Larval production. According to field observations, under field conditions, the feeding of the larvae of the natural enemy Manduca hornworm accounts for about 5%-10% of the total amount of insects raised. The 1-3rd instar larvae are parasitized and the feeding rate is slightly higher than that of the 4th-5th instar larvae. The average loss rate is about 80%. Therefore, stocking young larvae under large field strips can appropriately increase the stocking amount.

Comprehensive benefits:

According to the calculation of 10 bean hornworm larvae per square meter, 6,670 worms can be obtained in 667m2, and the average single worm weight is 8.15g, *** 54.36kg of insects can be harvested. Based on the loss of 8% of natural enemies, the weight of insects is 4.35kg. The actual weight of insects is about 50kg. Based on the current market price of 10 yuan/kg, the income from raising insects per 667m2 is about 500 yuan. The yield loss of soybeans is about 6%. If calculated as 200kg/667m2, the loss of soybeans is 12kg. If the market price is 2.2 yuan/kg, the loss of soybeans is 26.4 yuan/667m2. Taking the two together, the soybean fields raising bean hornworms have an increased income of 500-26.4=473.6 yuan per 667m2 compared with ordinary soybean fields.

In addition, raising bean hornworm larvae in soybean fields does not require spraying to control bean hornworm, which can not only reduce the cost of medication, but also produce pesticide-free soybeans, which is beneficial to improving people's health. , and provides a new idea and approach for the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure.

In addition, raising bean hornworm larvae in soybean fields does not require spraying to control bean hornworm, which can not only reduce the cost of medication, but also produce pesticide-free soybeans, which is beneficial to improving people's health. , and provides a new idea and approach for the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure

Bean hornworm breeding

Abstract Through the investigation and observation of bean hornworm feeding under cover conditions in the field, The leaf eating amount and leaf eating rate of its larvae were measured, and the theoretical insect feeding amount per square meter of soybean field, the actual suitable insect feeding amount and the impact on soybean yield loss were calculated.

The regression equation of the amount of insects raised under cage conditions (x) and the leaf eating rate (y1): y1=2.20 2.14x 2.8749, r1=0.9971**; the regression equation of the amount of insects raised under cage conditions (x) and the yield loss rate (y2): y2 =1.57 0.425x 0.6837, r2=0.9946**; The regression equation of the insect amount (x) and pod loss rate (y3) under cage conditions: y3=1.57 0.33x 1.7854, r3=0.9468**. When the larvae feeding amount is 10-15 larvae/m2, the comprehensive benefit is more than 473.6 yuan more per 667m2 than the average soybean field.

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Bean hornworm larvae

Bean hornworm belongs to the family of Lepidoptera, and its larvae are commonly known as bean hornworms. It is one of the main pests of soybeans. Its protein content is extremely high. In Xuzhou and Lianyungang, people now use it as a common food on the dining table. Delicious food, and priced at a reasonable price. Now with the increase in market demand, the amount of larvae naturally produced in the field is far from meeting people's needs. Its application prospects will become increasingly promising as people continue to develop insect foods.

Research on the suitable insect feeding amount in soybean fields under natural conditions, the theoretical insect feeding amount and the impact of bean hornworm on soybean yield to find out the optimal value of larvae yield and comprehensive benefit of soybean yield.

1 Materials and Methods

1.1 Materials

The soybean variety tested: Xudou No. 9. Insect source: The overwintering larvae of the bean hornworm reared in a net room are hatched after becoming kidneys, emerging and laying eggs.

1.2 Test method

1.2.1 Determination of the amount of leaves eaten by larvae, the number of soybean leaves, and the weight of single leaves

Put the newly hatched from the egg shell The 1st instar larvae are placed on soybean plants in outdoor insect cages and raised from the 1st instar to the 5th instar. The weight of the notched leaves and the complete leaf weight of each instar larvae after feeding are measured, and the amount of leaves eaten by each instar larvae and the amount of leaves eaten by each larvae are calculated. The amount of leaves eaten by larvae during their lifetime.

Use the 5-point sampling method in the soybean field, take 10 plants at each point, investigate the number of soybean leaves, weigh the leaves, and measure the average number of leaves per soybean plant and the average single leaf weight. Calculate the average theoretical amount of insects per square meter.

1.2.2 Field cage insect culture test

Place 1-2 instar larvae in cages at the early stage of soybean flowering and pod formation (July 25). The insect cage is a 1m×1m×1m wooden frame with blue nylon gauze nailed to the four walls as a net cover. Each plot (i.e. each cage) is planted with 2 rows of soybeans and 20 plants, and the numbers of insect larvae raised are 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 40 larvae respectively, so as not to raise insects. Control, ***7 treatments, repeated 3 times.

Spray 40ml one week before raising insects

Insect feeding amount (head/m2) Average insect weight standard deviation (g/head) Significant difference in insect weight and leaf eating status

F0. 05 F0.01 Total number of leaves in the plot Number of leaves eaten Leaf eating rate ()

1 8.80 0.79 a A 738 27.6 3.74

5 8.32 0.90 ab AB 773 105.8 13.69

10 8.15 0.52 ab AB 765 233.2 30.49

15 7.58 0.94 bc AB 780 299.8 38.43

20 7.17 0.58 c B 786 367.4 46.74

40 5.51 1.62 d C 741 737 99.5

Table 3 Determination results of different insect feeding amounts and yield loss rates

Insect feeding amount (head/m2) Yield loss pod loss

100-seed weight (g) Plot yield (g) Loss rate () Solid pods per plant (units) Empty pods per plant (units) Empty pod rate ()

0 21.1 338.7 0 130.8 15.9 12.2

1 19.8 334.9 1.1 109.4 15.1 13.8

5 19.4 323.1 4.6 106.5 18.9 17.8

10 19.0 317.8 6.2 108.8 22.6 20.8

15 19.2 313.0 7.6 105.2 21.1 20.1

20 20.3 304.5 10.1 96.4 23.0 23.9

Regression of data on the amount of insects (x) and pod loss rate (y3) under cage conditions The analysis results show that F=34.5991>F0.01=21.2, which is also extremely significant. It shows that there is a real linear regression relationship between different insect feeding amounts and pod loss rate. The regression equation and correlation coefficient are: y3=1.57+0.33x 1.7854, r3=0.9468**.

3. l Stocking period

According to field survey observations, local bean hornworm larvae mostly occur from mid-to-late July to early August, and gradually enter the soil to overwinter from the end of August to early September. This is because from the perspective of larvae individual development, advancing the appropriate stocking period is conducive to the growth of larvae feeding and increasing the weight of individual worms. If it is too late, it will not develop to the fifth instar, and the insect body will be small, which will affect the larval production.

3.2 Selection of soybean varieties

In order to provide as much bean leaf food as possible, soybean varieties should be selected with tall plants, vigorous growth, and many and large leaves. The type of pod habit can increase the amount of insects raised and increase the larvae production per unit area.

3.3 Determine the amount of insect feeding according to the growth of soybeans

In soybean fields with good growth and lush branches and leaves, more insects can be raised appropriately; otherwise, the amount of insects should be reduced. If there is too much stocking, although the total number of insects will increase, the economic benefits will be poor due to lack of food and poor development of the insects. Judging from this experiment, it is appropriate to stock 10-15 1-2 instar larvae per square meter.

3.4 Influence of natural enemies

Under the conditions of outdoor fields, bean moth larvae will also be parasitized and fed by parasitic flies, praying mantises, frogs and birds. Thereby affecting the production of larvae. According to field observations, under field conditions, the feeding of the larvae of the natural enemy Manduca hornworm accounts for about 5%-10% of the total amount of insects raised. The 1-3rd instar larvae are parasitized and the feeding rate is slightly higher than that of the 4th-5th instar larvae. The average loss rate is about 80%. Therefore, stocking young larvae under large field strips can appropriately increase the stocking amount.

3.5 Comprehensive benefits

If 10 bean hornworm larvae are stocked per square meter, 6,670 worms can be obtained in 667m2, and the average single worm weight is 8.15g,* **54.36kg of insects can be harvested. Based on the loss of 8% of natural enemies, the weight of insects is 4.35kg. The actual weight of insects is about 50kg. Based on the current market price of 10 yuan/kg, the income from raising insects per 667m2 is about 500 yuan. . The yield loss of soybeans is about 6%. If calculated as 200kg/667m2, the loss of soybeans is 12kg. If the market price is 2.2 yuan/kg, the loss of soybeans is 26.4 yuan/667m2.

Taken together, the increase in income per 667m2 of soybean fields raising bean hornworms is 500-26.4=473.6 yuan compared with ordinary soybean fields