Plant transmission mode

The modes of plant transmission are 1 species. Wind-borne: Some plants have light seeds, which can spread to many places with the wind, such as dandelion willow, elm, Pulsatilla and so on. Hongliu: It is the flying catkins that spread seeds far away. wind dispersal

wind dispersal

Some seeds grow appendages shaped like flocs or feathers and fly in the wind.

Most of the seeds with pinnate appendages are herbs, such as yellow quail in Compositae, and woody plants are willow and kapok. In addition, the ratio of surface area to weight of some tiny seeds is relatively large, so seeds can be scattered with the wind, such as orchids.

The achene of Taraxacum mongolicum, a compositae plant, opens its crown like a parachute when it matures, and flies with the wind, spreading its seeds to far places.

Water transport

Water-borne seeds can float on the water surface and spread through streams or ocean currents, because their surfaces are waxy and there are air cells in the pericarp, and their specific gravity is low.

The seed coat of such seeds is often rich in fiber, which can prevent the seeds from rotting or sinking due to soaking and water absorption. Coastal plants, such as chessboard feet, lotus leaves and olive seeds, have typical water-borne seeds.

Bird transmission

The seeds spread by birds are mostly fleshy fruits, such as berries, drupes, hidden flowers and hidden fruits. Birds peck at the seeds of Lauraceae and spit them out.

After the fruit is eaten, the seeds pass through the digestive tract and are excreted at will. Plants that spread seeds by birds are a relatively advanced group, because birds spread seeds farthest in all ways.

Ant spread

Ants usually play the role of secondary disseminators in seed transmission. Some birds eat and spread seeds, but they don't consume all the nutrients. Some nutrients will be left on the surface of seeds that fall to the ground for ants to eat. At this time, ants become second-hand communicators. The above phenomenon also occurs in seeds spread by themselves or mammals.

References:

Seed _ Baidu encyclopedia

10 Various modes of plant transmission

Ejection mechanism, power transmission, self-adhesion, water thrust, animal transmission, wind-blown catkin, nectar attracting insects, self-elastic transmission and wind-driven transmission.

Xanthium sibiricum sticks to animal fur or human clothes by its own adhesion to spread seeds.

The seed coat of such seeds is often rich in fiber, which can prevent the seeds from rotting or sinking due to soaking and water absorption. For example, chessboard feet, lotus leaves and olive seeds all have typical water-based seeds.

Plants that spread seeds by animals include Xanthium sibiricum, pine, cherry, orange, mandarin orange, loquat, wild grape and so on. Xanthium sibiricum has prickly hair, which is easy to stick to animals and then spread with them. The fruits of pine trees are stored as winter food by squirrels, thus completing the spread. When cherries, oranges, oranges, loquat and other fruits are eaten by animals, the seeds fall to the ground or are eaten by animals and spread with the excretion of feces.

Self-transmission: spread by plants themselves, not through other media. The fruit or seed itself has weight, and will fall directly to the ground due to gravity when it matures; Or when the fruit is ripe and cracked, it will produce ejection force to eject the seeds.

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Write several ways for plants to spread seeds.

Method of spreading seeds

1, animal transmission

Plants that spread seeds through animals include Xanthium sibiricum, Tribulus terrestris, Bidens bipinnata, Vitis amurensis, pine trees, cherries, pine nuts and chestnuts. For example, seeds such as Bidens bipinnata and Xanthium sibiricum have bristles and barbs outside, which will attach to the fur of animals as long as they are touched lightly. Most plants such as cherries and wild grapes have fleshy fruits. After the fruits of these plants are eaten by birds, the seeds pass through the digestive tract and are excreted everywhere at will. Chestnuts and pine nuts will be taken home by squirrels for storage, some will be eaten, and the rest will take root and sprout in the next year.