I. Dining places and matters needing attention
When invited to breakfast, lunch, dinner, buffet, cocktail party or tea party, there are usually only two kinds, one is formal and the other is casual. If you go to an upscale restaurant, men should wear neat tops and leather shoes, and women should wear suits and shoes with heels. If formal clothes are specified, men must wear ties.
Here are some of the most representative occasions and precautions:
1.buffet
Buffet (also a common one at reception) can be breakfast, Chinese food, dinner and even refreshments. There are cold dishes and hot dishes, which are placed on the food table together with tableware for guests to use. It is usually held indoors or in the yard or garden to entertain different numbers of guests. Buffet is the best choice if the venue is too small or there are no service personnel to entertain more guests.
At the beginning of the buffet, you should wait in line to get the food. Before taking food, take a plate for food yourself. We should adhere to the principle of "eat less and run more", don't take too much at a time, you can take more times. After eating, put the tableware in the designated place. It is not allowed to "get more than one bargained for". If you eat a buffet in a restaurant, it is generally priced according to the number of people who eat. Some also stipulate the length of the meal, and it is required that you must finish it. If you don't finish it, you need to "buy" what you haven't finished.
There are two types of buffets, the one that sits and enjoys some services is the most wonderful. It combines an elegant environment with a relaxed atmosphere. Such a party needs certain services, unless it is small enough for the hostess to cope with, and it also needs enough space to accommodate the dining table. The other is that there is no need for a dining table, no service or little service. Guests can entertain themselves and bring their own plates, silverware and napkins to a place where they feel most comfortable, and they can discuss problems at any time.
Buffet, in addition to solving the problems caused by extra services, also solves the problem that the hostess arranges tables. When guests freely choose the place, the order and suitability for satisfaction are not the responsibility of the host. Many kinds of dishes are often provided, so guests have enough choices, and the host doesn't have to worry about whether the menu meets their appetite.
2. Cocktail party
The cocktail party is lively and simple, which is convenient for people to talk. Drinks are the most important hospitality items, and some snacks, such as snacks, bread, sausages, etc., are prepared and placed on tables and coffee tables or served to guests by waiters with trays, so that guests can walk around at will. The holding time is usually from 5 pm to 7 pm. In recent years, cocktail parties are often held before and after various large-scale international events.
On this occasion, it is best to take a napkin in your hand so as to wipe your hands at any time. Hold the cup in your left hand, so that you are ready to extend your right hand to shake hands with others at any time. Don't forget to wipe your mouth and hands with paper towels after eating. Throw the used paper towels to the designated location.
3. Dinner party
Dinner is divided into grand dinner and informal dinner.
Western customs, grand dinners, that is, formal banquets, are basically arranged after 8 pm, and China usually starts from 6 pm to 7 pm. Holding this kind of banquet shows that the host attaches great importance to the theme of the banquet, or for a celebration. Generally, seats should be arranged for formal dinners, and the dress code should be indicated on the invitation. There are speeches or toasts, and sometimes dinner music is arranged, which is played live by a small band.
A casual dinner is a simple form of banquet. This kind of banquet atmosphere is cordial and friendly, suitable for friends and relatives, and some are held at home. Clothing, seats, tableware, layout, etc. need not be too particular, but they are still different from ordinary family dinners.
It is customary in the west to invite couples to attend dinner parties at the same time. If you are invited, read your invitation letter carefully, which will indicate whether you will be accompanied by a person, a husband or wife, or bring a partner. When replying to the invitation, you'd better tell the host their names.
4. Other precautions
One of the characteristics of western food is that there are many tableware: cups, plates, silverware and so on.
Tableware is carefully arranged according to the order of serving different dishes. Put a food plate (or soup plate) at the front of the seat, put a fork in your left hand and a knife in your right hand. The spoon is also placed on the right side of the food plate. Put a spoon, fork and coffee spoon for eating sweets above the food plate, and then put the glass slightly to the right. From the right: grape wine glass, champagne wine glass and beer glass (water glass). Napkins are stacked in beer cups (water cups) or on food plates. Put the bread plate on your left hand, and the butter knife on it is placed horizontally in the plate, with the blade side facing yourself. The number of knives and forks for dinner should be equal to the number of dishes. They should be arranged from the outside to the inside in the order of serving, with the edges inward. When eating, they should be arranged from the outside to the middle in order, followed by appetizers, fish and meat. In a more formal dinner party, napkins are made of cloth. Napkins in high-end restaurants are often beautifully folded, and some are tied with small ribbons. Be careful not to wipe your nose or face with a napkin.
Small bottles of salt and pepper can be placed in front of the middle of each set of tableware, between each set of tableware or even in the center of the dining table, so that one set of small bottles can be used.
After the tableware is all set, don't forget the decorations on the table, such as candle holders or making a small vase with your teapot, which can add a romantic atmosphere.
Don't put hot water in the glass when entertaining guests, which is neither scientific nor safe, because the glass is easy to burn. Therefore, hot water, hot tea, etc. should be put in porcelain cups, which are used to hold ice cubes or cold water.
The way of drinking tea in the west is different from that in China. The method of drinking tea in China is generally to put the tea directly in the cup and drink it with boiling water, while the tea is still in the cup. In the west, tea bags are used or tea leaves are soaked in a teapot first, and then the tea is poured out for drinking, leaving no tea leaves in the teacup.
When sitting, keep your body straight, don't put your elbows on the table, don't cross your legs, and keep a distance from the table to facilitate the use of tableware. Don't fiddle with the tableware set on the dining table. When the hostess picks up the napkin (if there is no hostess, look at the host), it means to start eating. Spread the napkin on your legs. If the napkin is large, fold it in half and put it on your legs to cover the legs above your knees.
At a formal dinner, after the female guests put away their napkins, the men put away their napkins. It is best to open the napkin with both hands and avoid shaking it back and forth. Don't pin napkins on the neckline, belt or shirt neckline. When eating, keep your head at a certain height, not too low and not move your head too much.
During the meal, if you leave your seat temporarily, you can put your napkin on the chair. Never put the napkin on the table, otherwise it means that you don't want to eat any more and ask the waiter to stop serving you.
Many hosts don't want guests to smoke at home. If you want to smoke, you can smoke in a designated place after dessert and with the permission of the host or hostess. Don't sit in the dining seat, let the guests around you enjoy the "fairyland" with you.
2. Western table manners
What must be noted at the dinner table is:
1.Western food ordering and serving order
There are four or five categories on the menu of western food, which are appetizers, soups, salads, seafood, meat, snacks and so on.
The main course should be decided first. If the main course is fish, the appetizer is meat, which is more varied in taste. In addition to eating a large amount, it is not necessary to prepare a whole meal from the single dish on the menu, as long as the appetizer and the main course are together, and a dessert is enough. You can skip the soup or the appetizer, which is also an ideal combination (but in Italian food, spaghetti is regarded as soup, so in principle, these two dishes are not ordered together).
The formal order of serving a full set of meals is:
1) the first dish. The first course of western food is the first course, also known as appetizer. The contents of appetizers are generally divided into cold starter and hot starter, and the common varieties are caviar, foie gras, smoked salmon, chicken tail cup, cream chicken crisp box, baked snail and so on. Because appetizers are appetizers, appetizers generally have a special flavor, with salty and sour tastes, and the quantity is small and the quality is high.
2) soup. Different from Chinese food, the second course of western food is soup. Western-style soups can be roughly divided into clear soups, cream soups, vegetable soups and cold soups. There are oxtail clear soup, various cream soups, seafood soups, American clam soups, Italian vegetable soups, Russian Luo Songtang soups and French baked onion soups. There are few varieties of cold soup, such as German cold soup and Russian cold soup.
Handling of five special situations
1.What should I do if I meet my host and feel grateful?
Some hosts will give thanks and pray before eating, or sit or stand, and guests should be like the host. Don't eat or drink anything before thanksgiving prayer, and keep your head down quietly. Until the prayer is over, put the napkin on your lap and start eating.
2. When a tooth is plugged or a foreign body enters.
If your teeth are stuffed with vegetable leaves or sand-like things, don't pick them with toothpicks on the dining table, you can have a drink of water. If not, go to the bathroom, so that you can rinse your mouth vigorously or use a toothpick.
If you encounter bad food or foreign objects, you must be careful not to cause unhappiness to the people who eat together, but you don't have to eat the bad things reluctantly. You can cover your mouth with a napkin, spit on it quickly, and ask the waiter to change a new napkin. If there are stones and other foreign objects in the food, you can take them out with your thumb and forefinger and put them on the side of the plate.
Even if there is a bug prancing out of your salad (this is the best time to exercise your courage and grace), you should calmly ask for a replacement, just wink at the host or waiter, and don't make a scene, amityville horror, so that everyone knows that they are afraid to eat it.
3. What should I do after eating garlic or onion?
Eating garlic or onions at dinner, whether at home, in the office or at a party, will not be very popular. We introduce several solutions: first, use mouthwash; The second is chewing gum; The third is to wipe the inside of the mouth and tongue with a piece of lemon, and the fourth is to chew a few pieces of tea or coffee beans.
What should I do if I spill something on the dining table?
If you spill something on the dining table and spill a lot, the host should ask the waiter to clean up your dirty place. In case it can't be cleaned up, he will spread you a new napkin to cover the dirty things, and then serve the next dish. If you are at home, just clean it with cleaning supplies.
If your seat gets a lot of stains, ask the host for another napkin to cover the dirty place, and apologize to the host and other guests. If you or your family break anything of the owner, you should arrange to put the broken things together, clean them up or repair them and send them back at the owner's convenience.
5. What if the knife and fork fall to the ground?
When eating, the knife and fork accidentally fell to the ground. If you bend down to pick it up, it will not only be unsightly, but also affect people around you and get your hands dirty. You can signal the waiter to handle it and you can change the new tableware.
5. How to leave gracefully?
The time to leave the reception after dinner is determined by common sense. If the reception is not held on weekends, it means that the time to leave should be between 11: 00 pm and midnight. If it is on the weekend, it can be later. It should not be too early or too late to leave.
2009-06-30 23:2 1 The way of drinking tea in the west is different from that in China. The method of drinking tea in China is generally to put the tea directly in the cup and drink it with boiling water, while the tea is still in the cup. In the west, tea bags are used or tea leaves are soaked in a teapot first, and then the tea is poured out for drinking, leaving no tea leaves in the teacup. When sitting, keep your body straight, don't put your elbows on the table, don't cross your legs, and keep a distance from the table to facilitate the use of tableware. Don't fiddle with the tableware set on the dining table. When the hostess picks up the napkin (if there is no hostess, look at the host), it means to start eating. Spread the napkin on your legs. If the napkin is large, fold it in half and put it on your legs to cover the legs above your knees. At a formal dinner, after the female guests put away their napkins, the men put away their napkins. It is best to open the napkin with both hands and avoid shaking it back and forth. Don't pin napkins on the neckline, belt or shirt neckline. When eating, keep your head at a certain height, not too low and not move your head too much. During the meal, if you leave your seat temporarily, you can put your napkin on the chair. Never put the napkin on the table, otherwise it means that you don't want to eat any more and ask the waiter to stop serving you. Many hosts don't want guests to smoke at home. If you want to smoke, you can smoke in a designated place after dessert and with the permission of the host or hostess. Don't sit in the dining seat, let the guests around you enjoy the "fairyland" with you. 2. Western table manners What must be noted on the table is:1.Western food ordering and serving order There are four or five categories on the western menu, which are appetizers, soups, salads, seafood, meat, snacks, etc. The main course should be decided first. If the main course is fish, the appetizer is meat, which is more varied in taste. In addition to eating a large amount, it is not necessary to prepare a whole meal from the single dish on the menu, as long as the appetizer and the main course are together, and a dessert is enough. You can skip the soup or the appetizer, which is also an ideal combination (but in Italian food, spaghetti is regarded as soup, so in principle, these two dishes are not ordered together). The order of serving a full set of formal meals is: 1) the first course. The first course of western food is the first course, also known as appetizer. The contents of appetizers are generally divided into cold starter and hot starter, and the common varieties are caviar, foie gras, smoked salmon, chicken tail cup, cream chicken crisp box, baked snail and so on. Because appetizers are appetizers, appetizers generally have a special flavor, with salty and sour tastes, and the quantity is small and the quality is high. 2) soup. Different from Chinese food, the second course of western food is soup. Western-style soups can be roughly divided into clear soups, cream soups, vegetable soups and cold soups. There are oxtail clear soup, various cream soups, seafood soups, American clam soups, Italian vegetable soups, Russian Luo Songtang soups and French baked onion soups. There are few varieties of cold soup, such as German cold soup and Russian cold soup. Supplement to the Respondent 2009-06-30 23:2 1 Handling of Five Special Situations1.What should I do if I meet my host and feel grateful? Some hosts will give thanks and pray before eating, or sit or stand, and guests should be like the host. Don't eat or drink anything before thanksgiving prayer, and keep your head down quietly. Until the prayer is over, put the napkin on your lap and start eating. 2. If your teeth are stuffed with vegetable leaves or sand-like things when you plug your teeth or foreign objects, don't pick them with a toothpick on the dining table, you can try drinking water; If not, go to the bathroom, so that you can rinse your mouth vigorously or use a toothpick. If you encounter bad food or foreign objects, you must be careful not to cause unhappiness to the people who eat together, but you don't have to eat the bad things reluctantly. You can cover your mouth with a napkin, spit on it quickly, and ask the waiter to change a new napkin. If there are stones and other foreign objects in the food, you can take them out with your thumb and forefinger and put them on the side of the plate. Even if there is a bug prancing out of your salad (this is the best time to exercise your courage and grace), you should calmly ask for a replacement, just wink at the host or waiter, and don't make a scene, amityville horror, so that everyone knows that they are afraid to eat it. 3. What should I do after eating garlic or onion? Eating garlic or onions at dinner, whether at home, in the office or at a party, will not be very popular. We introduce several solutions: first, use mouthwash; The second is chewing gum; The third is to wipe the inside of the mouth and tongue with a piece of lemon, and the fourth is to chew a few pieces of tea or coffee beans. What should I do if I spill something on the dining table? If you spill something on the dining table and spill a lot, the host should ask the waiter to clean up your dirty place. In case it can't be cleaned up, he will spread you a new napkin to cover the dirty things, and then serve the next dish. If you are at home, just clean it with cleaning supplies. If your seat gets a lot of stains, ask the host for another napkin to cover the dirty place, and apologize to the host and other guests. If you or your family break anything of the owner, you should arrange to put the broken things together, clean them up or repair them and send them back at the owner's convenience. 5. What if the knife and fork fall to the ground? When eating, the knife and fork accidentally fell to the ground. If you bend down to pick it up, it will not only be unsightly, but also affect people around you and get your hands dirty. You can signal the waiter to handle it and you can change the new tableware. 5. How to leave gracefully? The time to leave the reception after dinner is determined by common sense. If the reception is not held on weekends, it means that the time to leave should be between 11: 00 pm and midnight. If it is on the weekend, it can be later. It should not be too early or too late to leave. Testimony of the questioner: Thank you, Bo Yu, Qiu Han. Adoption rate:15.3% 2009-06-29 22:16 Related questions? 6? 1 all the manners on the western table? 6? 1 What table manners are there in the West? 1 What's the etiquette at the table? 1 What are the table manners? ? 6? 1, western table manners related search western table manners English western table manners English version western table manners English description table manners China table manners China table manners differences between Chinese and western table manners There are too many other answers!
Find western manners on the internet yourself! ╰☆╮ Answer adoption rate:11.9% 2009-06-28 21:1report/kloc-0.
An authentic western tableware * * * includes: butter knife, bread plate, appetizer knife and fork, main course knife and fork, soup spoon, dessert fork spoon, red wine glass and white wine glass.
Step 2 put napkins correctly
The napkin should not only be placed on the leg, but also be folded in half and the crease should be close to yourself. When you leave the table temporarily, you should put the napkin on the chair or press the corner of the napkin with a knife to let it hang down. Never hang it on the back of the chair or put it back on the dining table.
3. How to use a knife and fork
If you really can't remember the purpose of the knife and fork, just remember that the order of using the knife and fork must be from outside to inside. Also, when using a knife and fork, you must not use "brute force". You should cut the food with the strength of your front arm, so that the knife and fork are basically at a 90-degree angle. If you leave the table halfway, the knife and fork should be placed in a figure of eight with the fork back up, which means "I haven't finished eating yet". The fork back down means that the meal is finished, and the waiter will come and take away the plate. If you are full, you should put the knife and fork side by side on the right side of the plate, with the fork back down and the knife on the right side of the fork.
Step 4 take food with both hands
Always use both hands when taking food from your plate. Take a baked potato with a fork in your left hand and a spoon in your right hand to put the food on your plate. Don't just fork the food into the plate, it's extremely impolite.
5. Eat soup and bread
The soup is very hot and you must never blow with your mouth. The function of scooping the first spoon is to "detect heat". Generally, don't scoop it too full. Spoons should be scooped from the inside out. When there is not much soup left, you can gently tilt the soup plate outward.
When eating bread, be sure not to pick up the whole bread and put it in your mouth to bite it. The proper way to eat bread is to tear it into small pieces by hand and then slowly put it in your mouth.
6. Main course etiquette
Cut the steak from the left. When eating fish, be careful not to turn the fish over after eating the fish above, but use a knife and fork to pick off the whole set of fish bones before eating the fish below. When eating lobster, the first step is to insert a knife between the shrimp shell and the shrimp meat to peel it off, then take out the meat and slice it slowly for enjoyment.
7. fruits and desserts
Eating ice cream cake should start from the side in front of you, and if it is a triangle cake, it should start from the top. After a meal, fruits are usually pieces of fruit after peeling and removing seeds, which is very convenient to eat. If melons are peeled like honeydew melons, they should be peeled first and then cut into small pieces to eat.
8. Others
Drinking cocktails is a courtesy. If you can't drink well or don't know what to order on this occasion, PINK LADY or DAIQUIRI will ensure that you won't get drunk and lose your manners.
When drinking coffee, milk tea or lemon, don't put sugar directly into the cup by hand. The correct way is to put the sugar cube into the teaspoon first, and then put the teaspoon into the cup, so as to ensure that it will not splash. After using the teaspoon, it is polite to put the teaspoon horizontally outside the saucer.
When you go to a western restaurant or coffee shop, you should put your handbag between your back and the back of the chair. It is unsightly to put it on your desk or lap.
In western table manners, it is required that men should not finish eating before women finish eating, so women who are used to being slow should pay attention to properly adjusting the dining speed and not keeping men waiting for too long. The adoption rate of D Karas answer:18.7% 2009-06-28 21:12 report.
The main tool for orientals to eat is chopsticks, while westerners use knives and forks when eating. When eating, the plate is in the middle, so the knife and spoon are placed on the right side of the plate and the fork is placed on the left. Generally, people who write with their right hands naturally hold a knife or spoon with their right hand, a fork with their left hand and a cup with their right hand when drinking western food.
Generally, no more than three pairs of knives and forks should be placed on the table. For a set meal with more than three courses, you must put a new knife and fork with the serving after you use them.
Knife and fork are used in order from the outside to the inside (that is to say, they are placed in order from the outside to the inside in advance). When eating, the left and right hands usually cooperate with each other, that is, one knife and one fork are used in pairs. Some exceptions, when drinking soup, just put the spoon on the right-hold the spoon with your right hand. Raw oysters are generally eaten with an oyster fork in the right hand.
Knife and fork have different specifications, and their sizes are different according to different uses. When eating meat, whether you want to cut it with a knife or not, use a large knife. When eating salads, sweets or some appetizers, use a medium knife, fork or spoon, which generally varies with the size of the knife. When drinking soup, use a large spoon, while when drinking coffee and eating ice cream, use a small one.
Dishes, scooping soup or selecting other foods. When eating western food, everyone has his own tableware. If everyone can take it from the big plate for dinner, then there must be a spare public fork or spoon for everyone to use.
Attention should be paid when using fork: you should not stick the fork into the entrance of food, but shovel the food up. When Americans eat meat, they sometimes cut it into pieces with a knife and then send it into their mouths with a fork. Europeans, on the other hand, usually eat while cutting, and shovel them up and send them into their mouths. If you don't need a knife to eat a dish, you can also hold the fork with your right hand. For example, when Italians eat noodles, they only use one fork and don't need other tableware, so it is simple and convenient to hold the fork with their right hand. If there are no large pieces of meat to cut, such as vegetarian dishes, just vegetables and non-staple foods that don't need to be cut, then it is reasonable to eat with the fork in your right hand.
Don't tell me what to do with a knife and fork in your hand. When speaking or talking, it is polite to put the knife and fork on the plate. While eating at the table, we should enjoy the delicious food, and at the same time, of course, everyone should have a good talk. But don't talk about it with your knife and fork in your hand, don't hold it upright in your hand, and don't laugh or make a loud noise, which will make people feel scared. In fact, this dangerous move is indeed a threat to people and themselves.
Forks and spoons can be put into the mouth, but knives can't be put into the mouth, whether there is food on it or not. Etiquette requirements have their reasons, and the knife entrance is also dangerous.