Pregnant women were shocked to suffer from "gestational diabetes" by replacing vegetables with fruits and drinking honey water! 5 Tips to Prevent Hyperglycemia During prenatal check-ups, many pregnant mothers are afraid of "drinking sugar water". This is to test the pregnant mother's blood sugar. In case of "gestational diabetes", it will be very harmful to the expectant mother and the fetus. Influence. Are there any dietary restrictions for pregnant women as a precaution? How should pregnant women who are diagnosed with gestational diabetes control their blood sugar?

A 38-year-old primiparous mother named Su from Wuri, Taichung, suffered from morning sickness during her early pregnancy. She often replaced vegetables with fruits, and her meals mainly consisted of foreign food or fast food, in order to improve the skin of the fetus. , she also drank honey water every day. As a result, an ultrasound examination revealed that not only was the baby's weight overdue by two weeks, but the pregnant woman herself was also diagnosed with "gestational diabetes."

It turns out that the father of the pregnant woman surnamed Su is a diabetic. She is already in a high-risk group for gestational diabetes. In addition, as a pregnant woman over 35 years old, the risk is even higher than that of ordinary pregnant women. Fortunately, following the advice of medical staff, I started to control and record my diet, and self-monitored my blood sugar every day. Finally, my blood sugar was controlled within the standard value, and my baby's growth rate returned to normal. High-risk groups for gestational diabetes

Nutritionist Luan Jiajing from the Nutrition Department of Yadong Memorial Hospital said that those who are over 30 years old during pregnancy, have close relatives with diabetes, are obese themselves, have chronic hypertension, and have positive urine sugar, Or have had repeated spontaneous abortions, unexplained premature births, a history of fetal abnormalities, or have had repeated infections, have given birth to giant babies (birth weight exceeding 4000 grams), had polyhydramnios in previous pregnancies, have polyhydramnios in current pregnancy, or Nowadays, excessive eating, drinking, and excessive urination during pregnancy are all risk factors for gestational diabetes.

For the detection of gestational diabetes, most people in China currently refer to the method proposed by the American Association of Diabetes Medicine, taking one step and performing "oral glucose" during the prenatal check-up at 24 to 28 weeks of pregnancy. "Tolerance test", let pregnant women eat 75 grams of glucose for a glucose tolerance test. If the fasting blood sugar is 92mg/dL, or the blood sugar value is greater than 180mg/dL one hour later, and the blood sugar value is greater than 153mg/dL two hours later, they will be diagnosed as gestational diabetes. If the fasting test exceeds 126mg/dL, it is directly diagnosed as diabetes.

Further reading: Can it be eaten? Can't eat? "Gestational Diabetes" comprehensive dietary guide! Effects of gestational diabetes on pregnant women and fetuses

Gestational diabetes has negative effects on both pregnant women and fetuses. The impact on pregnant women is that the risk of high blood pressure and preeclampsia is increased, or polyhydramnios may be easily caused, increasing the chance of caesarean section. The mother's risk of developing diabetes in the future will also increase, and the chance of gestational diabetes in the next child will be higher. As high as 30~50%.

Effects on the fetus. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes will pass a large amount of glucose from the mother to the fetus. The fetus will secrete a large amount of insulin to lower blood sugar. Once the umbilical cord is clamped during birth, the mother's blood will no longer be passed to the baby. , while the baby's body still secretes insulin, which will increase the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia.

On the other hand, if the blood sugar of pregnant women is too high, a large amount of glucose will be passed to the fetus. The glucose will be converted into fat, causing the fetus to become a macrosomia. The risk of trauma (such as shoulder dystocia) will increase during delivery. Other risks include: hypocalcemia, polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, etc. When children become adults, their risk of obesity and diabetes will also increase. Reduce the risk of gestational diabetes: low GI foods, limit total carbohydrates

What should pregnant mothers eat to reduce the risk of gestational diabetes? Nutritionist Luan Jiajing said that pregnant mothers, regardless of whether they have gestational diabetes or not, should follow the concept of a healthy and balanced diet. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes should limit the total intake of carbohydrates and distribute them to each meal in small and frequent meals in a regular and quantitative manner to avoid hypoglycemia and the production of ketone bodies. Avoid excessive intake of fat, reduce fried and fried foods, use vegetable oil as the main cooking oil, and minimize saturated fatty acid foods. During the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, it is recommended to add 25 grams of high physiological value protein every day, such as eggs, milk, lean meats, fish, soy milk, tofu and other soy products (approximately 3 to 4 taels of lean meat/fish every day). To supply the needs of pregnant women and fetuses. Limit caffeine to 300 mg per day. Smoking and alcohol are prohibited.

For gestational diabetes patients, post-meal blood sugar control is more important than pre-meal blood sugar control. Pregnant women are advised to eat more foods that will not cause blood sugar to rise quickly after meals. Low-GI foods will be helpful, but carbohydrates The total amount of food should also be limited. Sugary foods such as cakes and desserts should be avoided as much as possible

For patients with gestational diabetes, refined sugar is a big taboo, including flavored sugar (such as sucrose), granulated sugar, etc. Common commercially available hand-rolled sugary foods Beverages contain refined sugar, while pastries and cakes are also high in sugar and fat. Pregnant mothers (especially those with gestational diabetes) should try to eat as little as possible. If they are really craving for food, they can choose sugar-free or reduced sugar content drinks, or replace them with sugar substitutes, and reduce the frequency of eating and the amount of food each time. For example, it’s okay to have a bite or two of cake once in a while, but remember to relatively reduce the amount of carbohydrates you eat during a meal.

It should also be noted that due to the influence of growth hormone and other hormonal factors, blood sugar is most likely to rise after breakfast. Therefore, it is recommended that patients with gestational diabetes consume less sugar at breakfast than at other meals (about 1% of daily intake). 10~15%), for example: 1/2 bowl of rice, or 1 piece of toast, etc. Taiwanese breakfast contains a lot of starch. It is recommended to add high-fiber foods such as vegetables, which can help control blood sugar and increase the feeling of satiety. Generally, pregnant women do not need to be so strict, but they should also consume high-calorie foods such as cakes and desserts in moderation. Such foods will cause weight gain. Do not eat them without restraint, otherwise the risk of obesity will greatly increase for pregnant women in the future.

Extended reading: Gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, what should you eat during pregnancy? 5 tips to control blood sugar and prevent gestational diabetes

A common mistake made by patients with gestational diabetes in outpatient clinics is that nutritionists recommend eating small and frequent meals to control blood sugar, but pregnant mothers eat large and frequent meals. Failure to properly control blood sugar may cause your blood sugar to rise, so you should pay special attention to this point. Paying more attention to the details of life and diet can reduce the risk of gestational diabetes. It is recommended that patients with gestational diabetes follow the following principles:

1. In addition to diet, moderate exercise can help reduce postprandial blood sugar. It is recommended that pregnant women can Take an hourly walk to increase your activity level.

2. Do not consume too much coffee. Caffeine is limited to 300 mg per day, and do not exceed the amount of two cups of 240C.C. coffee.

3. Keep a normal schedule. If you have to go to bed late, eat a snack before going to bed to avoid hypoglycemia in the middle of the night, or fasting for too long, which may cause ketoacidemia, which is not good for the mother or fetus.

4. Eat small and frequent meals, with snacks between meals. For example, eat a snack 2 to 3 hours after breakfast. The amount is about 15 grams of carbohydrates (about the size of a fist). Fruit, or 2 slices of soda crackers, or 1/4 bowl of rice). Pregnant mothers can choose five-grain rice plus vegetables, or use half an egg, a small piece of meat and rice to make a rice ball as a portable snack.

5. It is recommended to consume 2 servings of fruit a day, which can be eaten during two snack times. Especially moms who tend to have high blood sugar levels after meals should eat fruits between meals instead of immediately after meals.

Pregnant women with gestational diabetes may develop diabetes in the future, so they should follow a healthy diet concept as early as possible: a diet with less oil, less sugar, and a high fiber diet. This is also a dietary habit that everyone must have. Once diagnosed, For gestational diabetes, it is best to self-monitor blood sugar at home and keep a record, and provide it to doctors and nutritionists for reference at the next prenatal check-up, so that patients can receive the most appropriate medical care.