The banana tree is a plant of the plantain family Plantaginaceae, native to the tropical and subtropical regions of southeastern Asia. China is one of the oldest countries in the world to cultivate bananas, and most of the banana varieties planted in foreign countries are passed on from China. Banana flavor, rich in nutrients, can be harvested throughout the year, in temperate regions are also very valued. But how to plant a banana tree? The following is my organization of the banana tree planting method, I hope it is useful to you.

Planting and plowing management

The best time for planting in the field is spring planting, combined with the soil condition of the banana base in Gengma County, the planting method adopts the ditch planting and the pit pond planting. The paddy field adopts ditch planting, requires deep plowing of the soil after starting the border, a border of two rows, each border ditch depth of 0.5 meters, width of 0.3 meters, border length of 100 meters, set up a two-tier drainage ditch, in order to facilitate irrigation in the dry season, drainage in the rainy season, planting specifications according to the width of the rows of 1.7 x 2.2 meters, planting 176 plants per mu

; dryland using the pit and pond method of planting, planting specifications according to the width of 1.7 x 2.6 meters, planting 150 plants per acre, and the planting method of 1.5 x 2.6 meters, the planting method of 1.7 x 2.6 meters. 150 plants per mu.

Fertilizer after planting to adhere to the "diligent application, thin application, focus on the application", 2 - 3 weeks after planting with light dung or a small amount of fast-acting fertilizer flushing 5 kilograms of water, every 7-10 days to apply (in the sunny days, drenched in the head of the banana away from the 10-15 cm) until the pumping of stamens, with the plant grows along the surface of the crown cover to gradually expand the fertilizer! The range of fertilization is gradually expanded along the crown surface as the plant grows. In addition to the daily fertilizer, but also need to be combined with the cultivation of soil reapplication of two fertilizers, the first is to change the pole fertilizer, in late April to early May, each plant to apply phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer 0.3 kg, 3 kg of grey manure; the second is to change the fruit of the fertilizer in the Autumn or late June early July, each plant to apply 5 kg of grey manure, composite fertilizer 0.5 kg.

After planting, as the plant grows, it is necessary to remove the new shoots from the roots in a timely manner, and during the stamen fruiting period, according to the plant's growth, to determine the appropriate number of fruits to be retained, and cut off the buds to ensure an adequate supply of plant nutrients.

Disease and insect control

First, the black star disease

Symptoms: the initial leaf veins or surrounding many small black dots, and accumulated in a piece (conidia), the middle of the accumulation of dots (conidia) become brown, yellow veins and surrounding, the severity of the whole banana leaf dry.

Control methods: The main strategy for the prevention and control of blackstar disease is "early prevention, comprehensive measures and protective agent-based"

1, adjust the planting density, enhance the ventilation and light penetration of the banana garden.

2, bananas transplanted in January and before and after buds, the use of 24% Kairun 1500 times foliar spray 3 times.

3, the onset of the early stage of the use of soft water through 3000 times + 70% Nano Xin 700 times + 80% Dasheng 500 times continuous spray 2-3 times (can also prevent leaf spot disease)

4, the onset of the middle stage of the use of 12% aconitazole 800 times + 24% should be 1000 times + 50% methyltobutazin (aqueous) 600 times spray 2-3 times, once every 7 days.

Second, black spot disease

Symptoms: the initial stage in the leaf blade produced shuttle-shaped or suborbicular black spots, the edge of the spot without a yellow halo, the leaf blade is still green. Later, the spots expand and cover the whole leaf, and the leaf blade is yellow.

Control methods:

1, strengthen the fertilizer management, improve the banana disease resistance.

2, the early stage of the disease using 24% Kairun for foliar spraying 1-2 times.

3, 70% Nano Xin 700 times + 25% Jinlix 1000 times + 24% should be 1000 times spray (small fruit period to be careful to use).

4, soft water through 3000 times + 24% should get 1000 times + 50% metribuzin (water) 600 times spray.

Third, gray leaf spot disease

Characteristics: occurring in the center of the leaf, the spot is round or suborbicular, the edge of the yellow halo, the center of the brown.

Plants are clustered, with creeping stems, dwarf type is less than 3.5 meters high, generally less than 2 meters high, high type is 4-5 meters high, pseudo-stems are green and with black spots

by white powder, especially on the upper part is more. Leaf blade oblong, (1.5) 2-2.2 (2.5) m long, 60-70 (85) cm wide, apex obtuse-rounded, base subrounded, symmetrical on both sides, leaf surface dark green, free of white powder, abaxial leaf surface light green, white powdered; petiole short and thick, usually less than 30 cm long, leaf wings conspicuous, spreading, margins maroon or bright red. Spikes pendulous, inflorescence axis densely brown tomentose, bracts outside purplish red, whitish powdered, inside crimson, but base slightly paler, glossy, male bracts not deciduous, each bract with flowers in 2 rows. Flowers creamy white or slightly light purple, free tepals suborbicular, entire, apex conical acute, middle two lateral lobules of connate tepals long, about 1/2 as long as central lobe. largest fruiting clusters have as many as 360 fruits, weighing as much as 32 kilograms, general fruiting clusters have fruits in 8-10 segments, about 150-200 fruits. Fruit body curved, slightly shallow arch, young fruit upward, erect, gradually tend to flat extension after maturity, long (10) 12-30 cm, 3.4-3.8 cm in diameter, fruit ribs obvious, 4-5 ribs, apex tapering, non-significantly narrowed, short petiole, greenish green pericarp, ripening at high temperatures, the pericarp is green with yellow, ripening at low temperatures, the pericarp is from the green to yellow, and the birth of hemp black dots (that is, the "plum blossom point"), the flesh is fluffy, yellowish-white, sweet, no seeds, and the flavor is very strong. Sword head buds (i.e., Ciguardia buds or bamboo shoots buds) pseudostem is about 50 cm high, the base is stout, fleshy red, the upper part of the fine, with gray-green purplish-red, the black spot is large and significant, the leaf blade is narrowly uplifted, and the back of the leaf is covered with a thick layer of white powder.

Control: refer to coal streak leaf spot.

Pharmacological effects

The pulp contains norepinephrine, 5-hydroxytryptophan and dihydroxyphenylethylamine is very much, produced in Japan, containing 5-hydroxytryptophan in 10-15 micrograms / grams of bananas produced in Uganda was determined to be the content of 2 micrograms of norepinephrine / grams of bananas, 5-hydroxytryptophan for 16.2 micrograms / g. The content of 5-hydroxytryptophan is 16.2 micrograms / grams. /g. Gastrointestinal function is not impaired by the consumption of 10 mg of 5-hydroxytryptophan per day, but excessive consumption may lead to gastrointestinal dysfunction. Bananas should not be eaten during the determination of urinary indoles or catecholamines. Unripe banana flesh had a prophylactic (taken at the same time) or therapeutic (taken 15 days after taking the prednisone and then taking the banana flesh) effect on prednisone-induced gastric ulcers in guinea pigs; it also had a protective effect on gastric ulcers induced by mandatory immobilization of the rats, but was ineffective in prednisone-induced ones. This protective effect may be due to the 5-hydroxytryptamine contained therein to reduce gastric acid, as well as banana meat to ease the stimulation of the original reason, it does not have anticholinergic effect, and there is no central inhibitory effect. The sap of plantain leaves and stems (containing 5-hydroxytryptamine, but not Dopa or norepinephrine) can constrict the isolated guinea pig ileum and rat duodenum, and raise the blood pressure of dogs and rats, and these effects can be antagonized by atropine and tolazoline. The methanol extracts of dried leaves and stems were antibacterial; the water-soluble fraction of the methanol extract of the pulp of ripe bananas inhibited fungal and bacterial effects. The antifungal substance may be Musarin.

Functions

Clearing heat and removing toxins, diuretic, swelling, and tranquilizing the fetus.

Whole herb: used for epidemic encephalitis B, leucorrhoea, fetal restlessness; external treatment of carbuncle boils and poisons, salpingitis, otitis media.

Banana peel or stalk: high blood pressure.

Usage and dosage Fresh 50-200 grams. Apply externally, freshly mashed or mashed juice on the affected area. Treatment of otitis media, take the stem juice drops ear.

Excerpts from the National Compendium of Chinese Herbal Medicine

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