Bitter beans have strong salinity, barrenness and wind and drought resistance characteristics, is a kind of vegetation adapted to the growth of the desert. In the arid desert area, through artificial large-scale cultivation planting bitter beans, not only can achieve good social and ecological benefits, but also can produce high economic benefits, is the arid desert area to restore the vegetation of the ideal cultivation planting. 2009, thirty-one a group of planted 180 (667m2) bitter beans experimental base, at present the growth of the bitter beans is good, the wild bitter beans cultivation technology is summarized as follows. Summarized below.

1 biological characteristics

Bitter beans, also known as herb acacia, bitter bean root, is a perennial wild legume. The roots are straight and slender, with many lateral roots. Stem erect, upper branching, 30-60cm high, the whole plant is densely covered with gray-white ambulatory silky pilose. Oddly pinnately compound leaves, alternate, 6-15cm long, 11-25 pairs of leaflets, rectangular-lanceolate or rectangular, entire, 1.5-2.8cm long, 7-10mm wide, both surfaces and petioles densely covered with flat-lying sericeous hairs, gray-green. Racemes are borne at the tips of branches, about 10-15cm long, with numerous closely spaced flowers. In the high water table of light salinization sand, ditch side, ridge, abandonment of land on the growth of lush, blooming a lot.

2 test site

Thirty-one regiment of six companies 1-10 field (windbreak system is perfect, well-drained, saline and alkaline light, fertile soil), an area of 180 (667m2), sandy soil, the use of surface high-pressure drip irrigation.

3 Garden building mode

Ground film covering, surface pressurized water-saving drip irrigation and precision sowing technology are adopted. In the project area, sour jujube and bitter bean seed 1:2 interplanting, bitter bean seed plant spacing configuration for (86+66)cm×9cm, the number of plants reached 6533 plants/667m2. live sour jujube cultivation mode 4.56m×0.25m.

4 Pre-sowing Preparation

4.1 Soil Preparation

In the second half of March, the oil cake was applied to the soil. 400kg/667m2 and fertilizer 50kg/667m2 (of which 30kg/667m2 heavy superphosphate, 20kg/667m2 diammonium), deep turning into the soil after spring irrigation, irrigation volume 180m2/667m2. Before sowing, use florine 80g/667m2 for soil closure treatment.

4.2 Seed treatment

As the bitter bean seed belongs to the clip fruit, hard cortex, low germination rate, with 90% concentrated sulfuric acid treatment can greatly improve the germination rate, the seedling rate of up to 92.5%, to ensure that a sowing of all seedlings.

5 Mechanical sowing

The seed sowing machine selects the hole plate type, using 1.25m film, hole sowing device a roller with 14 holes, hole spacing 9.3ctn, bitter bean seeding spacing of 9cm. sowing, adulteration for early rice, the proportion of 1: 1.5.

When the ground temperature of the 5cm is sustained at more than 12 ℃ when the Sowing, Tarim Reclamation District, April 8 12 sowing. Bitter beans plant spacing: (86 + 66) cm × 9cm, with the amount of seed 2kg / 667m2; Jujube plant spacing 4.56m × 0.25m, with the amount of seed 150g / 667m2, sowing depth of 2.5 ~ 3cm.

6 Seedling Management

6.1 Fixed seedling replenishment

Seedling height 10cm When the seedling is 10cm tall, set the seedling according to the spacing of 9cm, remove the weak and keep the strong, and use the seedling remover to make up for the lack of seedlings.

6.2 Fertilization management

Seedling all the implementation of pressurized drip irrigation, irrigation 6 to 7 times a year, irrigation water 450m3 / 667m2. spring irrigation (take diffuse irrigation) 180mV667m2, growing season 150m3 / 667m2. autumn irrigation (take diffuse irrigation) 120m3 / 667m2, see Table 1.

Year round. Fertilizer 100kg/667m2, N, P, K ratio of 1: 1.2: 0.44. 50kg/667m2 (heavy calcium superphosphate 30kg/667m2, diammonium phosphate 20kg/667m2) in the spring or autumn with the base fertilizer applicators; growing season fertilizer 50kg/667m2 (10kg/667m2 potassium sulfate, cotton fertilizer 40kg special one) /667m2 containing N39%, P0.4%, K8.8%) in the growing season with the water drip, each irrigation volume of 30m3/667m2, every 15 to 20 days, *** counting 150m3/V667m2, see . Table 2.

7 Economic benefit analysis

The first year of the bitter bean seeds live seedlings, will not bloom now bud. The second year July-August harvesting seeds, output 150kg/667m2, market price 9 yuan / kg, output value 350 yuan / 667m2, cost 960 yuan / 667m2, profit 390 yuan / 667m2. the second year of sour jujube grafting, output 200kg / 667m2, market price 20 yuan / kg, output value 4000 yuan / 667m2, cost 960 yuan / 667m2, profit 3040 yuan. 667m2, profit 3040 yuan / 667m2. total profit 3430 yuan / 667m2.

Three years later, the bitter bean seed production 200kg / 667m2, profit 840 yuan / 667m2; sour jujube production of 300kg / 667m2 or more, profit 5040 yuan / 667m2. total 5880 yuan / 667m2.