Children's summer health knowledge I
First, encourage children to drink more boiled water: various drinks such as soda, fruit juice, cola, etc. contain more sugar and electrolyte. Excessive intake will not only affect children's dental development, but also affect their appetite and digestive function, causing overweight and obesity. Boiled water can be metabolized immediately after entering the human body, which has the functions of regulating body temperature, transporting nutrients and cleaning toxins in the body.
Second, the diet should pay attention to nutritional balance: in summer, children's diet should also be diversified to avoid being single and light, and fresh fish, fresh meat, fresh eggs, pig liver, etc. (it can be made into minced fish, minced meat and porridge at the end of liver, which is easy to digest and nutritious), or it is also a good method to replace meat with high-protein foods such as tofu, milk, fruits and vegetables.
Third, avoid eating too many cold fruits and vegetables. There are many kinds of fruits and vegetables in summer, so parents often make some refreshing cold dishes. If you inadvertently make your baby eat too many cold fruits and vegetables, it can lead to digestive disorders, vomiting and diarrhea. When the child is uncomfortable, it is recommended to seek medical advice and understand the symptoms.
Fourth, the nap time should not be too long: the temperature at noon in summer, parents want the baby to sleep more and move less. However, after sleeping for more than 80 minutes during the day, if children suddenly wake up at this time, they will have a strong sense of discomfort.
5. It is not appropriate to take a cold shower after sweating: children are active by nature, and they are prone to sweating in summer. Parents should pay attention to the fact that children should not take a cold shower when sweating. If they are washed with cold water after sweating, the pores of the whole body will close quickly, and the heat cannot be distributed and stored in the body, which will affect the body's function. Some cold viruses will take advantage of it and the baby will easily get sick. Therefore, a better way to cool down is to take a warm bath half an hour after exercise, which is more conducive to regulating body temperature and relaxing the whole body muscle tissue.
6. The air conditioner should not be turned on for too long: the indoor fresh air content in the room where the air conditioner is used for a long time is less because the doors and windows are closed, and the room is dry. The moisture regulation ability of children's skin is far less than that of adults, and children are prone to fatigue when they stay for a long time. In addition, long-term exposure to cold and dry air will reduce the resistance of respiratory tract and digestive tract, and some viruses and bacteria will take advantage of it, which can cause upper respiratory tract infection and diarrhea.
Pay attention to calcium supplementation: According to data, summer is also a high incidence period of rickets in children. The hot weather, children's poor appetite, reduced meals, children's intake of calcium from food is also correspondingly reduced, plus sweating, calcium loss is also much. At the same time, in summer, children are exposed to the sun, and there are not many opportunities for outdoor activities. In this way, it is not difficult to understand that the intake of calcium is small and the output is increased, and rickets is easy to occur. The preventive measure is to take appropriate calcium tablets and vitamin D under the guidance of a doctor.
Tips for children's life in summer II
First, prevent heatstroke
In summer, when the temperature is high, the human body perspires a lot, so it can't replenish water and salt in time, or it will suffer from heatstroke if it is irradiated in the hot sun for too long, and children are no exception. Therefore, young parents should be careful not to let their children play in the scorching sun. Children should wear sun hats when they go out, eat more vegetables and fruits rich in vitamins, and drink more sugar water, salt water, mung bean soup, sour plum soup and watermelon juice.
Second, prevention and treatment of diarrhea
Diarrhea is a frequently-occurring disease of children in summer. When it is serious, it will affect children's nutrition absorption and health. To prevent children from diarrhea, it is necessary to feed scientifically, regularly and quantitatively, and pay attention to utensils, food and personal hygiene.
Third, prevent skin diseases
Children's skin diseases that often occur in summer include prickly heat, boils, pustules, and infections caused by mosquito bites. To prevent the occurrence of these skin diseases, we should pay attention to children's personal hygiene and mosquito and insect prevention, take a bath and change clothes frequently, keep clothes clean and dry, and cut nails frequently to prevent scratching the skin from causing infection and suppuration.
Fourth, prevent intestinal infectious diseases
Hot summer is the epidemic season of various intestinal infectious diseases, such as bacillary dysentery, typhoid fever and hepatitis. These infectious diseases are all transmitted through diet or food. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the food hygiene and personal hygiene of children. Don't eat rotten meals and rotten fruits, don't eat cold drinks and cold food, don't eat raw aquatic products, wash your hands before and after meals, and keep good diseases from your mouth.
Knowledge of disease prevention for children in summer III
Dermatosis: Young children's delicate skin is easily damaged by viruses, bacteria and other factors, causing local skin redness, inflammation and prickly heat. Rash can occur in all parts of the body, mostly in the head, face, neck, chest and buttocks, with itching and slight burning sensation, which is easy to form cysts and folliculitis. After scratching, it is easy to become impetigo.
Impetigo is an infectious skin disease. Severe children will have swollen lymph nodes and fever, and some will be complicated with sepsis, rheumatic fever and acute nephritis in children.
To prevent prickly heat and impetigo, it is mainly to keep the skin clean, take a bath frequently and change sweaty clothes in time. Children with prickly heat should not be scratched, scalded with hot water or alkaline soap, or stimulated with cold water. They should be bathed in warm water and put on antipruritics. In addition, to make children drink more water and replenish water in time, they can eat more mung bean soup, winter melon soup, watermelon, honeysuckle dew, etc., which will play a role in removing summer heat, dehumidification and detoxification. For children with impetigo, it is necessary to take a bath and cut their nails frequently, and apply ointment such as purple liquid medicine, chlortetracycline and neomycin to the impetigo. It is forbidden to abuse hormone ointment such as "Skin Relaxation" to prevent the spread of skin lesions and aggravate the condition. For some children with poor spirit, loss of appetite and slight swelling of the face, we should be alert to acute nephritis, and routine urine examination is needed. Those who are diagnosed with nephritis should be treated as soon as possible.
Intestinal diseases: Summer children are prone to acute gastroenteritis, diarrhea, bacillary dysentery and other intestinal diseases. Intestinal diseases in summer are mainly bacterial infections. Because of the high temperature and the rapid reproduction of germs, all kinds of food, water, drinks and articles are easily contaminated by germs. In addition, children's intestinal resistance is weak and their awareness of self-care is poor. Eating food contaminated by germs is more likely to get sick. In addition, cold and heat, overeating cold drinks and overeating will cause digestive disorders and intestinal diseases.
Children suffering from intestinal diseases, in addition to treatment according to the doctor's requirements, home care is extremely important. Children with diarrhea have frequent defecation, so they should wash their buttocks with warm water after each defecation to keep their anus clean. Replenish water and electrolyte in time, and take oral solution and sugar salt water several times. Reasonable arrangement of diet, can give rice soup to oil broth, fat-free milk and yogurt, porridge, soft noodle soup and so on. After diarrhea is slightly relieved, you can give a diet with low residue, less oil, less sugar and no gas production, such as rice porridge, lotus root starch, egg drop soup, noodles, fish paste, broken lean meat, juice and so on. Avoid irritating food, fermented and flatulent food, high-fat and high-protein food, and eat less and eat more meals.
The key to prevent intestinal diseases is to ensure that the disease enters from the mouth. Avoid overeating and let children wash their hands before and after meals. Wash and peel melons and fruits, don't drink raw water, don't eat expired and spoiled food, and don't buy "three noes" food. Try to eat less cold drinks, because the germs in cold drinks will not freeze to death. Eat less food from street vendors, stewed vegetables and cooked food, which are easy to deteriorate and be polluted in summer. Leftover meals put in the refrigerator should be reheated before eating. 4. Japanese encephalitis: Japanese encephalitis is mainly transmitted by mosquitoes. The incidence of Japanese encephalitis is seasonal, and 90% of patients occur in July, August and September, especially in children aged 2-7. When a child is sick, he often has an acute onset. His body temperature is as high as 39 ~ 40 degrees within1~ 2 days, accompanied by headache, nausea and jet vomiting, and at the same time, he is often accompanied by drowsiness and mental fatigue, and then he appears confusion, convulsions and even respiratory failure, which is life-threatening. Once a child is infected with Japanese encephalitis, it will not only bring physical diseases, but also serious neurological sequelae such as aphasia, dysphagia and limb movement disorders.
Since the implementation of the planned immunization, preschool children have been vaccinated with Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine, and the number of children suffering from Japanese encephalitis has decreased significantly, but the protection rate after vaccination is only 76% ~ 90%, so we still can't take it lightly. At the same time, in popular seasons and areas, teachers and parents should raise their awareness of disease prevention, install screen windows outside their homes, eliminate mosquitoes and prevent mosquito bites.