2 English reference Stirbaked rhizoma dioscore with soil [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
3. Summarize that local fried yam is the processed product of yam. The method of frying yam has existed in the Song Dynasty, and it was fried in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. See Materia Medica. Dioscorea opposita is the dried rhizome of Dioscorea opposita Thunb. of Dioscoreaceae [1]. Stir-fried yam with soil, with soil powder on the surface and slightly burnt aroma [1]. Yam is sweet and flat in nature, and belongs to spleen, stomach and kidney meridians. It has the effects of invigorating spleen and stomach, promoting fluid production and benefiting lung, and tonifying kidney and astringent essence. It is used for spleen deficiency, anorexia, chronic diarrhea, lung deficiency, asthma and cough, kidney deficiency, nocturnal emission, frequent urination, deficiency heat and thirst. Local fried yam is mainly used to tonify spleen and stop diarrhea, which is used for chronic diarrhea due to spleen deficiency or diarrhea in stool [1].
4 Processing method of local fried yam Steaming method began in the Liu and Song Dynasties in the Northern and Southern Dynasties ("Leigong Roasting Theory") [1].
In the Tang Dynasty, it was put forward that ripe people and honey (Herbal Medicine for Dietotherapy) [1].
In the Song Dynasty, the processing methods such as ginger-frying (Puji Skill Prescription), yellow-frying (Annotation for Women's Good Prescription), wine soaking and wine steaming (Lei Bian Zhu Shi Ji Yan Yi Prescription) were added [1]. In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, there were three methods: alum soaking and baking ("Confucianism"), wine soaking and artillery ("Experience of Ruizhutang") [1].
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, ginger juice soaking and frying (Puji Fang), milk soaking (Herbal Medicine in South Yunnan), onion salt frying and ginger juice mixing and steaming (Shou Shi Bao Yuan), wine frying (Jing Yue Quan Shu), milk mixing and baking (Authentic Surgery), vinegar boiling (Notes on Awakening First and Zhai Guang) and milk steaming were added. At the same time, there are many explanations on the purpose of processing, such as "it is expensive to use dry yam as medicine, so dry yam is used in ancient prescriptions, which is slippery when covered with raw yam, and cannot be used as medicine, and it is difficult to smell when cooked" (Compendium of Materia Medica); "Baked, summer sun does not produce insects" ("A Handbook of Benevolence"); "Tonic drugs and spleen and stomach drugs are cooked and used by surgical students" (Canning Dafa); "It is advisable to use it raw in nourishing yin drugs and stir-fry it yellow in invigorating spleen drugs" (Seeking Truth from Materia Medica) [1].
At present, the main processing methods are soil frying and bran frying [1].
Preparation method of Chinese yam slices: take the original medicinal materials, remove impurities, separate the size, wash, moisten thoroughly, cut into thick slices, dry, and screen out the debris [1]. It is appropriate to slice yam in spring and autumn. In the process of water treatment, it is necessary to prevent stickiness and deterioration, and dry it in time after slicing [1].
The processing method of stir-fried yam with soil is as follows: firstly, put the soil powder in a pot, heat it to a flexible state with medium fire, then add yam slices and stir-fry. When the soil powder is evenly hung on the surface, take it out, sieve the soil powder and let it cool [1].
For every 100kg of yam slices, use 30 kg of kitchen soil [1].
Pay attention to the gradual discoloration of the soil after heating, so when the soil of fried yam is slightly black, it should be replaced with new soil in time to keep the medicinal color beautiful [1].
5 The characteristics of local fried yam are round thick slices with white or yellowish surface, yellowish white around, hard texture and powdery [1]. Odorless, light in taste and slightly acidic [1].
Stir-fried yam with soil, with soil powder on the surface and slightly burnt aroma [1].
6 The nature and taste of yam return to the channel. Yam is sweet and flat [1]. Enter spleen, stomach and kidney meridians [1].
Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (20 10 edition): Gan, Ping. Enter spleen, lung and kidney meridians.
Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica: "Sweet and warm."
Don't record: "Ping, non-toxic."
Ming of Medicinal Properties: "Sweet in taste, cool and moist in nature."
"Drug Meaning": "The living are cold in nature, and when they are cooked, they turn cold into warmth."
Herbal Decoction: "Hand Taiyin Meridian."
"Essentials of Typhoid Fever": "Start with two meridians of foot Taiyin."
"Despei Materia Medica": "Start with the points of blood in the Taiyin meridian of the foot and qi in the shaoyin meridian of the foot."
7 Efficacy and Indications of Yam "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" (20 10 edition): Yam has the effects of invigorating spleen and stomach, promoting fluid production and benefiting lung, and tonifying kidney and astringent essence. For spleen deficiency, anorexia, chronic diarrhea, lung deficiency, asthma and cough, kidney deficiency, nocturnal emission, frequent urination, deficiency heat and thirst quenching.
Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Yam has the functions of strengthening spleen, tonifying lung, consolidating kidney and benefiting essence. Treat diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, chronic dysentery, cough due to fatigue, thirst quenching, nocturnal emission, leukorrhagia and frequent urination.
Chinese Materia Medica: Yam has the functions of invigorating spleen, nourishing lung, consolidating kidney and benefiting essence. It is mainly used to treat diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, anorexia, edema, lung deficiency, cough and asthma, thirst quenching, nocturnal emission, leukorrhagia and frequent urination due to kidney deficiency, and externally treat carbuncle and scrofula.
National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicines: Strengthening the spleen to stop diarrhea, tonifying the lung and tonifying the kidney. Chronic diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, chronic enteritis, asthma and cough due to lung deficiency, chronic nephritis, diabetes, nocturnal emission, enuresis and leucorrhea.
Processing of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Chinese yam has the functions of invigorating spleen and stomach, promoting fluid production and benefiting lung, and tonifying kidney and astringent essence [1]. Used for nocturnal emission due to kidney deficiency, frequent micturition, asthma and cough due to lung deficiency, and thirst due to yin deficiency [1].
Local fried yam is mainly used to tonify spleen and stop diarrhea, which is used for chronic diarrhea due to spleen deficiency or diarrhea in stool [1]. For example, Fuzhong decoction for treating spleen deficiency and chronic diarrhea ("Records of Western Experience in Medical Care") [1].
Stir-fried yam with bran is mainly for invigorating spleen and stomach [1]. Used for spleen deficiency, anorexia, diarrhea, loose stool and leucorrhea [1]. For example, Shenling Baizhu Powder (Taiping Huimin Heji Ju Fang) and Wandai Decoction (Fu Qingzhu Gynecology Department) for treating anorexia or diarrhea due to spleen deficiency [1].
Fried yam with bran has the effect of invigorating spleen and stomach. For spleen deficiency, anorexia, diarrhea, loose stool, and excessive leucorrhea. (Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (20 10 edition))
Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica: "Invigorate the deficiency in the main injury, remove cold and heat evil, replenish the middle energizer, strengthen the muscles, and be smart after long service."
"Bielu": "Take a wind in the head, dazzle the eyes, lower the breath, stop low back pain, treat fatigue and thinness, fill the five internal organs, remove annoyance and heat, and strengthen the key. "
"Theory of Medicinal Properties": "Reinforce five strains and seven injuries, remove cold wind, stop low back pain, calm the mind, replenish the deficiency of heart qi, and use it when suffering from human deficiency."
Materia Medica for Dietotherapy: "Treat headache and help yin."
"Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Help the five internal organs, strengthen the bones and muscles, calm the nerves with a long mind, and control the ejaculation and forgetfulness."
Zhu Zhenheng: "Raw poultice can dissipate the swelling and hard poison."
"Treatise on Febrile Diseases": "Tonifying deficiency and clearing away deficiency and heat."
Compendium of Materia Medica: "Benefiting kidney qi, strengthening spleen and stomach, stopping diarrhea, resolving phlegm and saliva, moistening fur."
8. The processing function of local fried yam. The main raw yam products are tonifying kidney, producing sperm and benefiting lung and yin [1]. Used for nocturnal emission due to kidney deficiency, frequent micturition, asthma and cough due to lung deficiency, and thirst due to yin deficiency [1]. Such as yam pills for treating lung deficiency and asthma and cough ("Jingui Yaolue Fang Lun"); Yuye decoction for treating yin deficiency and thirst (Records of Western Medicine in Meditation) and Liuwei Dihuang Pill for treating liver and kidney yin deficiency (Zhi Jue of Children's Medicine Syndrome) [1].
Local fried yam is mainly used to tonify spleen and stop diarrhea, which is used for chronic diarrhea due to spleen deficiency or diarrhea in stool [1]. For example, Fuzhong decoction for treating spleen deficiency and chronic diarrhea ("Records of Western Experience in Medical Care") [1].
9 Study on Processing of Dioscorea opposita [1] contains diosgenin, saponin, mucilage, amino acids and starch. Diosgenin is also the raw material for synthesizing steroid hormone drugs [1].
9. 1 Effect on chemical components (1) By measuring the content of diosgenin, the main active component in different processed products, it is proved that the dissolution of diosgenin in yam can be promoted after stir-frying in soil, stir-frying in bran (2-3 times that of raw products), which is beneficial to the display of medicinal effects and the improvement of clinical efficacy [1].
(2) Trace elements in raw products and various processed products were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of trace elements in local fried products were greatly increased except Co, while the contents of some trace elements in bran fried products were decreased [1].
(3) The content of free amino acids in yam before and after processing was studied and analyzed. The results showed that the content of methionine and tryptophan in essential amino acids decreased greatly after processing [1]. And the total content of free amino acids is also the lowest in the local fried products and bran fried products [1]. (4) The content of total phospholipids in yam and its processed products was determined by spectrophotometry, and the results showed that honey bran was used to make >: Fried bran > Raw products > Fried rice > Stir-fried soil > Fried coke > Fried charcoal [1]. It shows that the fried yam caused the destruction of some phospholipid components [1].
(5) By comparing the water-soluble extracts of raw yam, stir-fried yam, stir-fried yam and stir-fried yam with bran, the results showed that there was little difference between them, with the raw yam slightly higher and the stir-fried yam slightly lower [1].
9.2 Effect on Pharmacology: Yam can promote intestinal motility, promote intestinal emptying and help digestion; It can reduce blood sugar and prevent and treat diabetes caused by alloxan in mice. Can enhance the immunity of the body; It has obvious anti-hypoxia effect under normal pressure; It has nourishing and anti-aging effects [1].
The experimental study showed that raw yam and four kinds of decoction pieces, stir-fried, stir-fried in soil and stir-fried with bran, all had obvious effects on the rhythmic activity of isolated rabbit intestine [1]. It has a certain therapeutic effect on rats with spleen deficiency [1]. However, raw yam, stir-fried bran and stir-fried soil can also enhance the nonspecific immune function of mice, and there are significant differences compared with the control group. The raw yam is stronger than stir-fried bran and stir-fried soil, but there is no significant difference between stir-fried bran and stir-fried soil [1].
Storage method of 10 local fried yam
1. There is a lot of alcohol in beer, and you may g