How to grow mushrooms\x0d\Nowadays, due to the better economic benefits of growing edible fungi, more and more farmers are engaged in production. How to grow edible fungi well? The reporter interviewed relevant agricultural experts. \x0d\ Edible fungi is a knowledge-intensive and labor-intensive industry. It is divided into three parts cultivation and seven parts management. A scientific attitude must be used to guide the development of edible fungi. Without mature and excellent technology, it will definitely not be possible to achieve ideal economic benefits. . So, how can we improve the economic benefits of edible fungi and reduce market risks? First, choose raw materials with high nutritional value and no mold and mildew as nutrients for cultivating edible fungi. The second is timely cultivation. If you cultivate autumn and winter varieties in summer, it will definitely not work. It will also not work if you cultivate summer varieties in winter, and late planting will not work either. The third is to select high-quality, high-yielding strains. As the saying goes, "Good seeds produce good seedlings." Without good strains, good yields cannot be achieved. The fourth is to improve product quality. Pick at the right time. The growth of edible fungi is divided into three stages: early stage, middle stage and late stage. In the later stage, a large number of spores have meristed and aged, and the weight and quality will decrease. It is understood that most of the most common oyster mushrooms on the market are harvested in the later stages. At the same time, some vendors engaged in selling edible mushrooms also add some water, but consumers are not clear about this. After buying them and cooking them, a large amount of water appears. There was no umami taste at all, and gradually consumers stopped buying this product. Also pay attention to increasing indoor ventilation and humidity to create an environment suitable for the growth of edible fungi. \x0d\ To develop a product, you need to understand and master its market information and cannot just imagine it. It is necessary to understand which varieties on the market will be popular this year, which varieties are suitable for local sales, how much investment there is, what the benefits will be, whether the technology is acceptable, etc. It is not possible to rely on the idea of ????"self-production and self-marketing" to develop edible fungi. You can consider finding a unit with strength, strong technology, good reputation, and reliability to join forces or sign a contract with it, and the products produced will be sold by the unit. Edible fungi must be developed in a way where the company adds bases to farmers. The company provides technology, new varieties and markets, produces through the base, signs contracts with sellers, and drives farmers to produce one household at a time. Only then can the risks of edible fungi production be reduced. To the lowest\x0d\How to grow mushrooms with cow dung, how to ferment it, and how to choose seeds? \x0d\Answer: Fermentation of Agaricus bisporus cow dung and sawdust stockpiles for seed production\x0d\\x0d\The traditional Agaricus bisporus seed production technology has high cost and low success rate. Mycelium is not easy to grow to the bottom of the bottle, and the moisture is difficult to control. Seeds are prone to aging. In the summer of 2000, we used cow dung and sawdust pile fermentation technology to produce Agaricus bisporus seeds. The success rate of producing mother seeds was 99.9%, and the success rate of producing original seeds was 98.1%. The success rate of producing cultivated species is 93.2%. \x0d\The seed production method is as follows: ferment cow dung and sawdust to select undeteriorated sawdust, sieve and expose it to the sun for 2 to 3 days. When drying, spread it evenly and dry thoroughly. Then store for later use. Dry the cow dung and break it into pieces for later use. In addition, prepare sufficient ammonium bicarbonate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, quicklime, light calcium carbonate and other auxiliary materials. Mix cow dung and sawdust in a volume ratio of 1:1. At the same time, add 0.3% of the total weight of cow dung and sawdust ammonium bicarbonate, 2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and about 2% of quicklime (the amount of quicklime added depends on its quality. After mixing evenly, the pH value It is 7.5~8), 2% light calcium carbonate. After mixing evenly, add water to make the moisture content reach 68% to 70%. Then build a material pile with a height of 1 meter, a width of 1.2 meters, and an unlimited length. Insert the thermometer after building the pile. When the temperature rises to about 75°C, the first turning of the pile is carried out (the time is about 10 days). Before each turn of the pile, spray a small amount of lime water on the surface of the pile. During the fermentation process, if you find that the middle and lower parts of the pile tend to turn black, you can use a wooden stick to properly punch holes for ventilation. Generally, the pile is turned over 4 to 5 times with intervals of 10, 9, 8, and 7 days. If you don't have enough time, you can turn the pile 3 times. After fermentation, dry it in the sun for later use. Common problems and solutions during the fermentation process: \x0d\ (1) The pile does not heat up or heats up slowly. Sawdust fermentation does not heat up as quickly as straw. If it is found that the temperature rises slowly, ammonium bicarbonate can be appropriately added to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to promote temperature rise. If the temperature can rise above 60°C, there is no need to adjust. \x0d\ (2) The middle and lower part of the pile turns dark brown and has a peculiar smell. This phenomenon is caused by lack of oxygen. The reason is that the pile is too large or too solid. The pile should be turned over quickly and holes should be drilled for ventilation after turning the pile. After preparing the culture medium and boiling the wheat grains thoroughly, add sawdust fermentation material containing about 1/4 of the volume of the wheat grains, then add lime to adjust the pH value to 7.5-8.

According to the weight of dry wheat grains, add 1% to 2% light calcium carbonate, mix well and bottle it. The sawdust material must be finely crushed without large chunks to prevent incomplete sterilization due to dryness in the chunks. The material must be fully mixed when bottling. When bottling, the bottle should be placed upright and not tilted excessively. Otherwise, after bottling, the wheat grains will be biased to one side and the sawdust will be biased to one side, and the bacteria will be added after loading.