Okra, also known as croissant, coffee Huang Kui and Solanum nigrum, is native to Africa, and there are also wild varieties in China. At present, it is widely cultivated in tropical areas such as Europe, Africa, Middle East, India and Southeast Asia. Okra has become a high-grade nutritional and health-care vegetable sought after by people, which is popular all over the world. Its edible part is pod, which is divided into green and red. Crisp, tender and juicy, smooth but not greasy, with unique fragrance, it is favored by the people.

Okra is millet. The root system is developed and straight, and the root depth is greater than1m; The main stem is erect, 1 ~ 2.5m high, 5cm thick, red and green, cylindrical, with short basal internodes and lateral branches, and no lateral branches occur from flowering nodes; Leaves palmately 5-lobed, alternate, with hairs or bristles on the leaves and slender and hollow petioles; Flowers are large and yellow, born in leaf axils; The fruit is a capsule with a sharp top and a slightly curved shape, which looks like a horn. Fruit length 10 ~ 25 cm, transverse diameter 1.9 ~ 3.6 cm. There are two kinds of tender fruits: green and purple. The surface of the fruit is covered with fine white fluff, which is lignified and inedible when it matures. The seeds are spherical, the size of mung beans, light black, thick skin and capillary.

Okra is a perennial herb of Malvaceae, which is 2 meters high and hairy. Leaves are large, 3-9-lobed, lobes are wide or narrow, and teeth are thick. The flowers are yellow and the center is red.

Okra likes rich, deep and well-drained clay loam or lime soil. The area north of the Yangtze River is a perennial plant, which withers in winter and grows new branches in the following spring. Originated in Africa, it was introduced to China from India in the early 20th century. It is distributed in Jiangxi, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong (including Hainan Island) and other provinces in China, Pingxiang in Jiangxi, Wenshan in Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Lincang, Nujiang and Baoshan. It is common in low mountains, grassy slopes, open fields, sparse pine forests or dry barren land at an altitude of 900- 1600 meters. Pingxiang, Jiangxi is the richest. It is also distributed in Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar, India, Malaysia and Australia. Okra likes warm and light, and is heat-resistant and cold-resistant. It requires not only long illumination time, but also drought resistance, humidity resistance and waterlogging resistance. Okra has wide adaptability to soil, but loam or sandy loam with deep soil layer, rich and loose soil layer and strong water and fertility conservation is suitable.