Method 1: Let the doctor make a diagnosis.
1, to understand the symptoms of urticaria. Urticaria can be divided into localization and extensiveness. Knowing the symptoms of urticaria can help you confirm the cause. Localized urticaria only occurs in a certain part of the body, which is usually caused by direct contact with plants, pollen, food, saliva and pet hair.
Systemic urticaria. This may be the body's reaction to virus infection, or it may be allergic to food, drugs or mosquito bites.
2. Pay attention to the cause of urticaria. There are many reasons for children to get urticaria, both localized and systemic. Knowing the reasons can help you treat your child effectively at home, or decide whether to see a pediatrician. Common causes include: allergies to shellfish, nuts, milk and fruits. Urticaria caused by food generally disappears within 6 hours (indigestion).
Drugs such as penicillin or desensitizing needle.
Contact with pets or animals.
Contact with pollen from flowering plants.
Bite by mosquitoes, bees and other insects.
Anxiety or stress.
Exposure to extreme temperatures or sunlight.
Contact with chemicals, including detergents or soaps.
Virus infections, such as the common cold, infectious mononucleosis and hepatitis.
Bacterial infections, such as urinary tract infections and streptococcal pharyngitis.
3. Take your child to see a pediatrician. The child has urticaria. Are you not sure about the cause? Urticaria didn't disappear within a week? Has he taken any new medicine or food recently? Have you ever been bitten by some kind of insect? He feels very uncomfortable? Please take the child to see a pediatrician. Doctors can prescribe drugs, steroid ointments or other treatments to help relieve urticaria. If you are not sure about the cause of urticaria, you must see a doctor to avoid accidentally using methods that may harm your child or unnecessary treatment.
Is the child still in serious condition after taking the second dose of antihistamine? Please see a doctor.
If your child has symptoms of anaphylactic shock, including swelling of face or throat, cough, asthma, dyspnea, dizziness or fainting, please hang up the emergency phone or call the emergency number immediately.
4. Have a physical examination. If the doctor can't determine the cause of the child's urticaria, he may use different tests to help the diagnosis. Doing so can not only find out the exact cause, but also help to formulate the most appropriate treatment plan for children. The doctor may ask the child to have a blood test to determine the potential cause.
Doctors may ask children to have an allergy test to determine allergens.
5. Treat the root cause. If the doctor confirms the root cause of urticaria, he will treat the condition to reduce the rash and itching. Some studies show that eliminating the underlying causes is more effective than solving the symptoms of urticaria. For example, if your child has a thyroid problem, the doctor will treat the thyroid first to see if it will help urticaria.
If the doctor confirms that your child is allergic to certain factors, he will ask you to keep your child away from allergens.
6. Factors to avoid urticaria. This skin disease may be caused by allergens or special irritants. Knowing the causes of children's illness can avoid irritants and help alleviate and prevent urticaria. The causes of urticaria may be allergens, drugs, food allergies, cosmetics, environmental factors, mosquito bites, infections, irritating soaps or detergents.
If you suspect that something is the culprit, try to keep it away from children and see if it can alleviate the symptoms.
Some external factors can aggravate urticaria, including sunshine, stress, sweating and temperature change.
Use mild or low-sensitivity soap and laundry detergent. They contain less harmful chemicals and are unlikely to irritate children's skin. Products labeled "hypoallergenic" have been tested on allergic skin and will not irritate children's skin.
Method 2: Treat nettles at home.
1, if it is localized urticaria, you have to help the child wash off the allergen. If urticaria is only concentrated in a certain part of the body, washing off allergens with soap and water should relieve urticaria and prevent allergens from staying on the skin, leading to the deterioration of the condition. You don't need to buy special soap, any soap can wash away allergens.
2. Take a cold bath to relieve itching and redness. Cold water bath can relieve skin irritation and help reduce inflammation. This method is most useful for systemic urticaria. Adding some colloidal oats to the bath water can also further soothe the skin. Sprinkle some baking soda, uncooked oats or colloidal oats in the water to calm the skin.
Let the child soak for 10 to 15 minutes to avoid catching cold.
3. Apply calamine liquid or antipruritic cream. Applying calamine solution or over-the-counter antipruritic ointment can relieve urticaria, itching and inflammation. Grocery stores and pharmacies (physical stores or online) sell them. The over-the-counter antipruritic ointment or hydrocortisone ointment has antipruritic effect. Buy hydrocortisone ointment with a strength of at least 1%.
Apply it to the affected area after bathing the child. Every day 1 time.
4. Use cold compress to relieve itching and diminish inflammation. Urticaria is itchy and inflamed because there is histamine in the blood. Cold compress bag or compress can constrict blood vessels, reduce blood flow, make skin feel cool, and then relieve itching and inflammatory symptoms. When allergens enter the body, the body will produce histamine, which will trigger all allergic reactions, including itching and inflammation.
Every 2 hours or when necessary, apply cold compress on the rash, and apply intermittently for 10 to 15 minutes.
5. Stop children scratching. Try to prevent children from scratching. Scratching can spread allergens, aggravate symptoms or cause other problems (such as skin infection).
6. Protecting children's skin helps to prevent and relieve urticaria. Clothes, bandages and even insect repellent can provide some protection and help relieve symptoms. Wear loose, cool and smooth clothes, such as clothes made of cotton or merino wool, to avoid children scratching and sweating too much, which will lead to urticaria deterioration.
Let the child wear long-sleeved clothes and trousers, which can not only prevent him from scratching, but also prevent the skin from contacting external stimuli.
If you know that your child will come into contact with insects, you can also spray insect repellent on the parts without urticaria to prevent insects from getting close to your child's skin and causing more serious allergic reactions. .
Method 3: Take medicine.
1, give children antihistamines. If the child is covered with urticaria, please give him antihistamines. These drugs can inhibit histamine, prevent them from causing allergic reactions, and help relieve itching and inflammation of the skin. Recommended dose for children according to their age and weight. If you are not sure about the dosage, please consult your doctor.
The common antihistamines are cetirizine hydrochloride, chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine.
These drugs usually have sedative and hypnotic effects, so you must pay attention to the safety of children after taking them.
2. Take H2 receptor antagonist as an example. Doctors may advise children to take H2 receptor antagonists to relieve urticaria. Can be injected or taken orally. H2 receptor antagonists include cimetidine (Tagme), ranitidine (Zantac), nizatidine (Axid) and famotidine (Pepcid).
These drugs may cause digestive problems or headaches.
3. Use prescription corticosteroids. If other methods can't relieve urticaria in children, doctors may prescribe more effective topical or oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone. Be sure to give your child drugs according to the doctor's instructions, because these drugs will reduce immunity. Oral steroids can only be taken for a short time, and long-term use will have serious side effects.
4. Inject anti-asthma drugs. Some studies have shown that omalizumab injection may help relieve urticaria. Its advantage is that it has no side effects. This treatment is more expensive than other methods, and it is usually not guaranteed.
5. Take antiasthmatic drugs and antihistamines in combination. Doctors may treat children with anti-asthma drugs and antihistamines, which may help relieve urticaria. Doctors will prescribe montelukast (trade name: Shunerning) or Zalukast (trade name: Accolate) as an anti-asthma drug, and then cooperate with prescription or over-the-counter antihistamines.
This course of treatment will cause behavioral and emotional changes.
6. Consider taking immunosuppressants. If the child has chronic urticaria and other treatments don't work, the doctor may advise him to take immunosuppressants. It helps to relieve acute and chronic urticaria. Cyclosporine can limit the immune system's response to the diagnosis of urticaria and help to relieve urticaria in children. However, its side effects include headache, nausea and even decreased renal function in some patients.
Tacrolimus can also reduce the immune response leading to urticaria. The side effects are similar to those of cyclosporine.
Mycophenolate mofetil can inhibit the immune system and improve the symptoms and signs of urticaria.
Warning urticaria is generally harmless. In rare cases, it can also be dangerous, especially if the allergic reaction is too serious, causing children to have difficulty breathing. If you are worried about your child's condition, or if family therapy doesn't work and urticaria gets worse, you'd better take him to see a doctor.