The shape characteristics of the grouper

The body is generally oval or oblong, with a flat side; The head is longer than the body height; The spines of dorsal fin are strong and connected with the fins, with 7-11 spines and 1-21 fins. There are 3 anal fin spines, generally the second one is the most powerful, with 7~13 anal fin spines; The pectoral fin is wide and low, generally round; The ventral fin is located below the pectoral fin; The mouth is big, and the teeth in both jaws are tilted; The body is covered with small comb scales; The lateral line reaches the base of caudal fin; The caudal fin is round, truncated or concave. There are great differences in the body shape of different species of groupers. More than 3% of the groupers can reach more than 1m in length, and the supergiant ones can exceed 2m, such as E.lanceolatus, E. itajara, E. quinquefasciatus, etc., while the smaller ones are even less than 2cm, such as the red-finned nine-spined bass. Epinephelus is the most diverse genus in the family Epinephelus, and its size varies greatly, ranging from small to large. However, another species, Cephalopholis, except Hong Jiu's C. sonnerati, is a small grouper with a body length of less than 5cm. In addition, the dorsal fin spines and ventral fin spines are obviously prolonged and contracted during the development of the larvae and juveniles of groupers, which is a unique feature in the development of groupers? [2]? .