There are omens before an earthquake. Now we know of such omens are: groundwater becomes muddy, flopping, bubbling, tasteless; chickens, ducks, pigs and goats running around and squealing; rats fleeing, fish jumping on the surface of the water. This situation indicates that the earth's crust will be bent, wrinkled and fractured, and an earthquake will occur. At present, it is difficult for any country in the world to accurately forecast earthquakes, and China's earthquake forecasting can be said to be in the world's leading position. Most of the earthquake forecast can point out that a certain area in a certain period of time may occur. 1976, before the Tangshan earthquake, Liaoning Province, Haicheng area had a magnitude 6 or more earthquake, before the quake, the government has repeatedly urged all the indoor people resettled in the seismic shed, and repeatedly preach the earthquake know only, the result is that casualties have been reduced to a minimum. Therefore, the key to preventing earthquakes lies in timely forecasting, adequate preparation, and knowledge of earthquake rescue.

Two, the development of family earthquake prevention program.

Once an earthquake occurs, it may make our power supply, water supply, heating system, transportation system, the supply system of living necessities, information system, and medical and health care system be damaged to some extent, affecting the normal life of the people, so we should make a family earthquake prevention plan.

First of all, we should exclude the hanging objects in the high places of the room, and the objects placed vertically on the cabinets and wooden shelves, and change the position and way of placing them, so that they are not easy to be shaken down and hurt people. At the same time to remove all flammable and explosive items. The bed should be moved to a place far away from the glass window. Put shatterproof tape on windows. Shockproof paraphernalia kits are placed in an easy-to-grab place. In order to get out of danger, you may only have time to grab one item, emergency items are included and it will help you get through. These items include cash, drinking water, and medicines against flu and dysentery, among others.

Third, schools should be prepared for an earthquake.

In secondary and elementary school should popularize knowledge of earthquake prevention, schools in earthquake zones should have a program of earthquake prevention training, if an earthquake occurs while a class is in session, the teacher should immediately give a simple and clear instruction to students to close their eyes on the spot and crouch under their desks. An area where an earthquake may occur at a certain time. Families and schools should communicate frequently. Schools in earthquake zones that are in a position to do so should have disaster relief items, such as first aid medical supplies, cold and rain supplies, tools, etc., and distribute them by class or classroom until they are in the hands of individuals.

How to protect yourself if an earthquake occurs?

In the event of an earthquake, if you are outside, do not go near buildings, chimneys, utility poles, or any other tall buildings or trees that may collapse, and leave bridges and overpasses and go to an open field where it is safer. Although earthquakes are natural disasters that cause deaths and injuries to people, they are not unpreventable. If you can seize the moment, the use of earthquake knowledge can protect themselves, such as the earthquake occurred before the observation of birds, animals, abnormal agitation; crouching under the table when the earthquake occurred can reduce the damage caused by the earthquake. It can be seen that learning about earthquakes is very important.

Strong earthquakes often cause houses to collapse, embankments to break, and the earth to fall apart, bringing losses to people's lives and property. In order to protect yourself in the event of an earthquake, you should know the following emergency survival methods.

1. If in the cottage, a sudden earthquake, to quickly drill under the bed, under the table, at the same time with bedding, pillows, washbasin and other things to protect the head, and so on the earthquake gap and then as soon as possible to leave the housing, transfer to a safe place. If a house collapses during an earthquake, stay under the bed or under the table and don't move, wait until the earthquake stops and then escape outside or wait for rescue.

2. If you live in a building and an earthquake occurs, don't try to run out of the building because it will be too late. The safest and most effective way is: in time to hide in the smallest room between the two load-bearing walls, such as toilets, kitchens and so on. You can also hide under furniture such as tables and cabinets, as well as in the corners of the walls on the inside of the room, and take care to protect your head. Never go to the balcony and windows to hide.

3. If an earthquake occurs while you are in class, don't panic, and don't run or scramble out of the classroom. Near the door of the students can quickly run to the door, the middle and back row of students can hide as soon as possible under the desk, with a book bag to protect the head; against the wall of the students should be close to the wall root, hands to protect the head.

4. If you have left the room, do not go back to the house to get something as soon as the earthquake stops. Because after the first earthquake, there will be aftershocks, and the aftershocks will be more threatening to people.

5-If an earthquake occurs in a public **** place, you can not panic and run. You can improvise and hide in the nearby safer places, such as under the table cabinet, under the stage, in the pool.

6- If the street, absolutely can not run into the building to avoid danger. Do not stay in dangerous places such as under high buildings, billboards, narrow alleyways and bridgeheads.

7. If you are buried in a building after an earthquake, you should first try to remove the objects pressed above your abdomen; cover your mouth and nose with a towel or clothes to prevent asphyxiation from smoke; pay attention to preserving your strength, try to find food and water, create conditions for survival and wait for rescue.

I. Don't be anxious when a big earthquake occurs. Destructive earthquakes from people feel the vibration to the building was destroyed in an average of only 12 seconds, in this short period of time you should be based on the environment in which you quickly make choices to protect the safety. If you live in a bungalow, you can quickly run to the door. If you live in a building, do not jump off the building, you should immediately cut off the electric switch, turn off the gas, temporary shelter to the bathroom and other small span of the place, or tables, beds, etc., below the quake, and then quickly evacuate, in order to prevent a strong aftershock.

Second, many people first find a hiding place. Schools, stores, theaters and other places where people gather if the earthquake, the most avoid panic, should immediately hide in desks, chairs or solid objects under the earthquake and then evacuate in an orderly manner.

Three, away from the danger zone. If an earthquake in the street, should hand protect the head, quickly away from the building, to the center of the street. If the earthquake in the countryside, pay attention to stay away from cliffs, steep slopes, riverbanks and high-voltage lines. Are traveling cars and trains to stop immediately.

Four, buried to save strength. If the earthquake was unfortunately buried by the debris, try to stay calm and try to save yourself. If you can't get out of danger, save your strength, try to find water and food, create conditions for survival, and wait patiently for rescue.

V. Keep your cell phone and enough batteries on hand for backup.

Principles of emergency protection during earthquakes

Sheltering nearby during an earthquake and quickly evacuating to a safe place after an earthquake is a better way of emergency protection. The so-called nearby sheltering is to make different countermeasures according to the different situations in accordance with the local conditions.

How do school personnel avoid earthquakes?

In schools, what is most needed during an earthquake is the calmness and decisiveness of school leaders and teachers. In areas where there are medium- and long-term earthquake forecasts, it is usually necessary to combine teaching activities to tell students about earthquakes and earthquake prevention and avoidance. Before the earthquake, arrange the routes and venues for students to move and evacuate; after the earthquake, calmly direct students to evacuate in an orderly manner. In the more solid, safe houses, you can hide under the desks, podiums, students in the teaching building can go to small openings, there are pipes to support the room, never let the students run around or jump.

How can I take shelter when walking on the street during an earthquake?

When an earthquake occurs, glass shards from high-rise buildings and concrete debris on the outside of the building, as well as advertisement signs, tinplate, neon signs, etc., may fall and hurt people. Therefore, when walking on the street, it is best to put a purse or soft object on your head, or use your hands to protect your head when you don't have any object, and be as ready as possible for self-defense, and to be calm. The first thing you need to do is to get away from the poles and fences and run for cover in a more open area.

How do workers avoid earthquakes?

Workshop workers can hide in the car, machine tools and taller equipment, do not panic and run, special positions on the workers should first close the flammable and explosive, toxic gas valves, timely reduction of high temperature, high pressure pipeline temperatures and pressures, shut down the operation of equipment. Most of the personnel can be evacuated from the work site, under the premise of safety protection, a small number of personnel to stay at the scene at any time to monitor the danger, and timely handling of possible accidents, to prevent secondary disasters from occurring.

How should vehicles traveling during an earthquake respond to an emergency?

(1) the driver should slow down as soon as possible, and gradually brake the gate;

(2) passengers (especially on the train) should firmly grasp the handles, columns or seats, and pay attention to prevent luggage from falling off the racks and injuring people, face to face in the direction of the train, to lean their arms against the cushions of the seats in front of the face, protect their faces, the body tends to the channel, both hands to protect their heads; the back towards the direction of the car, to protect the back of the head, and lift the back of the head, to protect the head, and lift the back of the head, to protect the head. The back towards the direction of travel, to protect the back of the head, and raise the knees to protect the abdomen, tighten the body, make a good defense posture.

How do people in buildings respond to earthquakes?

Once an earthquake occurs, first of all, we should keep a clear, calm mind, timely identification of vibration conditions, never jump in panic, this is extremely important. Secondly, you can hide in the solid furniture, or the corner of the wall, can also be transferred to the more load-bearing walls, small openings in the kitchen, the toilet to take refuge for a while. Because these places have strong bonding force, especially the pipeline has been processed, has a better support, anti-seismic coefficient is larger. In short, the earthquake can be based on the layout of the building and indoor conditions, the time and situation, looking for safe space and access to take refuge, reduce casualties.

How do I respond to an earthquake in a store?

When you encounter an earthquake in a department store, stay calm. As people are panicking, merchandise is falling, which may block the evacuation aisle. At this time, you should hide near the large columns and large products (avoiding the display cases), or towards the unobstructed passageway, and then crouch down and wait for the earthquake to subside. Being in the upstairs position, in principle, it is better to move to the ground floor. However, staircases are often the weakest part of a building against earthquakes, so it is important to look for the right time to get out of danger. Attendants should organize people to take shelter nearby and evacuate safely after the quake.

Self-help after the earthquake

Earthquakes such as being buried under the rubble, surrounded by darkness, only a very small space, you must not panic, to be calm, to establish the confidence to survive, believe that there will be people to save you, to protect themselves by all means.

After the earthquake, there are often many aftershocks, the situation may continue to deteriorate, in order to avoid new harm, to try to improve their own environment. At this point, an emergency kit will go a long way toward helping you get out of trouble.

In this extremely unfavorable environment, first of all, to protect the respiratory flow, move away from the head, chest debris, smell gas, poisonous gas, wet clothes and other things to cover the mouth, nose; avoid the body above the collapse of the non-structural objects and other easy to cause the fall of the object; expand and stabilize the survival space, with bricks, sticks, etc. to support the wreckage in case of an aftershock occurs, the environment is further deterioration.

Try to get out of danger. If you can't find a way out of danger, try to save your strength, use stones to knock on objects that can make noise, send out a call for help, don't cry, impatient and blind action, which will consume a lot of energy and strength, as far as possible to control their own emotions or close their eyes and rest, wait for the rescue personnel to arrive. If you are injured, think about bandaging to avoid excessive bleeding.

Sustaining life. If buried under the rubble for a long time, the rescue workers have not arrived, or did not hear the call for help, we must think of ways to maintain their lives, water and food in the earthquake bag must save, try to find food and drinking water, if necessary, their own urine can also play a role in quenching thirst.

Post-earthquake mutual aid

After the earthquake, the outside world disaster relief teams can not immediately rushed to the scene of the disaster, in this case, in order to make more buried in the rubble under the people, to get a valuable life, the people of the disaster area actively involved in mutual aid, is to reduce casualties in the most timely and effective way, but also reflects the "save a person in distress", the noble virtues.

Rescue time is timely, the greater the hope of rescue. According to relevant information, 20 minutes after the earthquake was rescued by the survival rate of more than 98%, one hour after the earthquake was rescued by the survival rate fell to 63%, two hours after the earthquake can not be rescued in the personnel, asphyxiation deaths accounted for 58% of the number of deaths. They are not in the earthquake due to the collapse of the building smashed to death, but the room interest death, such as timely assistance, it is entirely possible to get life. Hundreds of thousands of people were buried in the rubble of the Tangshan earthquake, and the people in the disaster area were able to regain their lives through self-rescue and mutual rescue for most of the buried people. Mutual rescue operations participated by the people in the disaster area played an irreplaceable role in the whole earthquake relief.

Post-earthquake rescue time to be fast

Post-earthquake rescue, and strive to time to be fast, accurate target, appropriate methods, mutual rescue team is growing principle. Specific practices are: first save the near, whether it is family, neighbors, or strangers, do not seek far away; first save easy to save people, so that the rapid growth of the mutual aid team; first save the young and strong and medical personnel, so that they can give full play to their role in the disaster relief; first save the "life", and then save the "people". Tangshan earthquake in a rural woman, each save a person, only its head exposed to avoid suffocation, and then go to save another person, in a very short period of time so that dozens of people were saved.

Methods of rescuing people

Salvage methods should be based on the actual situation of the post-earthquake environment and conditions, and effective rescue methods should be adopted, with the aim of rescuing the buried people, safely from the rubble.

Through understanding, searching, and determining the ruins of the people buried, judging the location of its buried, to the ruins of shouting or knocking and other methods to pass the rescue signal.

Rescue process, pay special attention to the safety of the buried people. First, the use of tools (such as iron bars, hoes, sticks, etc.) do not hurt the buried people; Second, do not destroy the buried people in the space around the support conditions, causing a new collapse, so that the buried people in danger again; Third, it should be as soon as possible to communicate with the buried people of the closed space, so that the flow of fresh air, digging and grubbing, such as the dust is too large should be sprayed with water to reduce the dust to avoid suffocation of the buried people; Fourth, the buried time is longer, and difficult to rescue, can try to the buried people in the debris, but also to the buried people. Rescue, you can try to convey drinking water, food and medicine to the buried people to maintain their lives.

Before the rescue operation, there should be a plan and steps, where to dig, where not to dig, where to use a hoe, where to use a stick, should be considered.

There have been cases in the past where rescuers acted blindly and stepped on the roof over the heads of the buried people, smashing the buried people to death, so it is important to have a scientific analysis and action during the rescue process in order to receive a good rescue effect, and act blindly, which will often cause new injuries to the rescue object.

Rescue and care

First the head of the buried person, exposed from the debris, remove the dust in the mouth and nose to ensure that their breathing is smooth, for serious injuries, can not leave the buried place of the person, should try to carefully remove its body and the surrounding buried pressure, and then the buried person lifted out of the waste of emptiness, do not pull the hard drag.

The hunger and thirst, injury, suffocation is more serious, buried and long time personnel, be rescued with dark-colored cloth blindfolded to avoid bright light stimulation, the injured, according to the severity of the injury, to take the bandage or sent to the medical point of resuscitation treatment.

Shock avoidance points

Shock is to run or hide, most of our experts believe that: when the earthquake is close to the shelter, after the earthquake quickly evacuated to a safe place, is a better way to emergency shock avoidance. Should choose a strong indoor, can cover the body of the object under (beside), easy to form a triangular space, small openings, there is support for the place, the room is open, safe place.

The body should take the posture:

Volts and stay fixed, crouch or sit down, try to curl up the body, lower the center of gravity of the body.

Grab a firm object such as a table leg.

Protect your head, neck, and eyes, and cover your mouth and nose.

Avoid crowds, don't crowd and don't light open fires, as there may be flammable and explosive gases in the air.

School earthquake

The class is in session, the teacher under the command of the rapid head, eyes closed, hiding under their desks.

When you are in the playground or outdoors, crouch down in place, protect your head with both hands, and pay attention to avoiding tall buildings or dangerous objects.

Do not return to the classroom.

There should be an organized evacuation after an earthquake.

Do not jump from buildings! Do not stand outside the window! Do not go out on the balcony!

Classes should be held outside if necessary.

Home earthquake avoidance

Earthquake warning time is short, indoor earthquake avoidance is more realistic, and indoor housing after the collapse of the formation of a triangular space, often people survived the relative safety of the location, can be called earthquake space. This mainly refers to the space formed by the large collapsed body and the support.

Indoor places where triangular spaces can be easily formed are:

Below the edge of the bed, near solid furniture;

Roots and corners of interior walls;

Kitchens, toilets, storerooms, and other places with small openings.

Avoiding earthquakes in public ****places

Listen to the instructions of the staff on the spot, do not panic, do not crowd towards the exits, avoid crowding, avoid the flow of people, and avoid being crowded into walls or fences.

In theaters, gymnasiums, etc.:

Crouch down on the spot or lie down under the rows of chairs;

Attention to avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and fans;

Protect your head with a school bag, etc.

Wait for the quake to pass, listen to the staff's instructions and evacuate in an organized manner.

In shopping malls, bookstores, exhibitions, subways, etc.:

Choose sturdy counters, merchandise (e.g., low furniture, etc.) or the side of columns, as well as inside corners, etc., and crouch down on the spot, protecting your head with your hands or something else; Avoid glass windows, doors, glass cabinets, or counters; Avoid tall, unstable, or shelves with heavy and breakable items; Avoid billboards, chandeliers, and other towering or hanging objects.

In a moving car:

Grab the handrail to avoid falling or getting hurt; lower your center of gravity and hide near the seat.

Get out of the car after the earthquake has passed.

Outdoor earthquake avoidance

Select an open area to avoid an earthquake:

Crouch down or get down to avoid falling;

Don't run around and avoid crowded places;

Don't go back indoors.

Avoid tall buildings or structures:

Buildings, especially those with glass curtain walls;

Crossing bridges, overpasses;

High chimneys, under water towers.

Avoid dangerous, towering or hanging objects:

Transformers, utility poles, streetlights, etc.;

Billboards, cranes, etc.

Avoid other dangerous places:

Narrow streets;

Dangerous houses, dangerous walls;

Daughter walls, high facades, under canopies;

Stacks of bricks and mortar, wood and other things.

How to save yourself after a strong earthquake

1, after the earthquake, you should actively participate in the rescue work, you can lean your ear against the wall, listen to whether there are survivors sound.

2, so that the injured first exposed head, to keep breathing unimpeded, such as asphyxia, immediately for artificial respiration.

3, once buried, to try to avoid the body above the unstable collapsed object, and try to use masonry, sticks and other support debris, reinforced environment.

4, the earthquake is an instantaneous occurrence, anyone should first save themselves, and then start rescue. First save the easy, then save the hard; first save the near, then save the far.

Earthquake rumors how to screen

1, correct understanding of the actual level of current earthquake forecasting at home and abroad, mankind is currently made a larger time scale of medium- and long-term forecast has a certain degree of credibility, but the success rate of the short-term forecast is still relatively low.

2, to be clear, in our country, the authority to issue earthquake forecasts in the government, any other units or individuals are not authorized to release earthquake forecast news. To deal with earthquake rumors, we must not believe, do not spread, and report in time.

3, learning earthquake knowledge, to eliminate the fear of earthquake psychology.

4, do not believe rumors, blindly shopping.

When a big earthquake comes, family members should be how to avoid the earthquake, experts suggest mastering three principles:

Principle one: according to the local conditions, the right choice. Quake everyone in the environment, the situation is very different, the way to avoid the earthquake can not be the same, to be analyzed on a case-by-case basis. These circumstances include: whether to live in a cottage or live in the building, the earthquake occurred during the day or night, the house is not solid, there is no indoor space to avoid earthquakes, your location from the door of the room, whether the outdoor open, safe.

Principle two: act decisively, do not hesitate. Whether or not the earthquake can be successful, in the nick of time, must not look ahead, hesitation. If you live in the cottage to avoid the earthquake, more decisive action, or nearby shelter, or emergency out, do not go back and forth.

Principle three: ambush and to be determined, can not rush out. The ancients in the "Earthquake Record" has recorded: "suddenly heard the change, can not rush out, ambush and to be determined, even if there is a nest, can hope for the egg," meaning that, in the event of an earthquake, do not rush to run out of the outdoors, and should seize the time to find a suitable place to avoid the earthquake and take a crouch or sit down, waiting for the earthquake to pass, so that even if the house collapsed, the person can also be safe and sound.

Three strategies for avoiding earthquakes in high-rise buildings

Experts suggest that, in a metropolis such as Beijing, which is dominated by buildings, residents should consciously master some of the scientifically applicable earthquake avoidance strategies.

Strategy 1: Stay calm during the quake and walk outdoors afterward. This is an internationally recognized code of practice for earthquake avoidance, and many examples of earthquakes at home and abroad have shown that the probability of being smashed to death or injury is greatest in the brief moments of an earthquake when people are entering or leaving a building. Therefore, experts caution that indoor earthquake avoidance is the first choice if the conditions are good. If the building is poorly resistant to earthquakes, run out of the room as much as possible.

According to relevant national standards, residential buildings in Beijing should have the ability to withstand damage from earthquakes with an intensity of 8 degrees. Experts suggest that when an earthquake occurs, don't panic first and keep your vision open and maneuverable so that you can act on camera. Particularly bear in mind is not to stay in bed; not to run to the balcony; not to run to the hallway and other crowded places to go; not to jump; not to use the elevator, if the quake in the elevator should leave as soon as possible, if the door can not be opened to crouch down with their heads. In addition, to immediately extinguish the fire and power outages to prevent scalding electrocution and fire.

Strategy two: earthquake location is crucial. Live in the building to avoid earthquakes, according to the layout of the building and indoor conditions, the situation, looking for a safe space to hide. It is best to find a place where a triangular space can be formed. Squatting next to the heater is safer, the bearing capacity of the heater is larger, the network structure and elasticity of the metal pipeline is not easy to be torn, even in the earthquake is not easy to be thrown out of the substantial shaking; heating pipeline ventilation is good, is not easy to cause people to suffocate; the pipeline of the water can be prolonged survival period. More importantly, trapped people can be used to hit the heating pipe to the outside world to send a message, and the heating against the outside wall of the location is conducive to the fastest access to help.

Need to pay special attention to is, when hiding in the kitchen, bathroom, such a small open room, try to away from the stove, gas pipeline and easy to break dishes farther. If the kitchen and bathroom are in the nooks and crannies of the building, and the partition wall is a thin plate wall, do not choose it as the best place to avoid the earthquake. In addition, do not drill into the cabinet or box, because once a person drilled into the immediate loss of mobility, obstructed vision, limbs are bound, not only will miss the opportunity to escape but also is not conducive to being rescued; lying posture is not good, the human body's plane area increases, the probability of being hit than standing 5 times greater, and it is difficult to maneuver to change position.

Strategy three: near water not near the fire, leaning out not leaning in. This is an important principle to ensure that you get timely help from others in an urban earthquake. Do not be close to gas stoves, gas pipes and household appliances; do not choose the inner position of the building, as close as possible to the outer wall, but not to hide under the window; as close as possible to the water source, once trapped, to try to contact with the outside world, in addition to contact with a cell phone, you can knock on the pipe and the heater, you can also turn on the flashlight. (Cai Wenqing Fu Yang)

Family earthquake avoidance tips

1. Grab the emergency shelter. If you feel the shaking is very light, it means the source of the earthquake is far away, just hide under solid furniture. From the beginning of the earthquake to the end of the vibration process, the time is only ten seconds to dozens of seconds, so grasp the time to avoid the most critical, do not delay.

2. Choose the right space. Indoor safer space to avoid earthquakes are: load-bearing wall roots, corners; water pipes and heating pipes and other places. The most unfavorable places to avoid earthquakes in the house are: unsupported beds; ceiling, chandeliers; unsupported floor around; glass (including mirrors) and large windows.

3. Do a good job of self-protection. First of all, be calm, choose a good hiding place should crouch or sit down, face down, forehead pillow in the two arms; or grasp the table legs and other objects around the firm, so as not to fall or because of the body out of control shifted and injured; protection of the head and neck, head down, with the hand to protect the head or the back of the neck; protection of the eyes, lowered, closed eyes, in order to prevent injury from foreign objects; protection of the mouth, nose, when possible, available wet towels to cover the mouth and nose, in order to prevent the gray earth, poisonous gases. .

10 things to know about earthquakes

1. For your own safety and that of your family, please hide under a table or other solid furniture

The big shake lasts about a minute. The first thing you should do is to take care of yourself and your family. First, take cover under a sturdy table with a low center of gravity, and hold on to the legs of the table. If you don't have a table to hide under, protect your head with a cushion or something else.

2. Turn off the fire when there is a tremor, and put out the fire when there is a fire

When there is a big earthquake, there are cases where you cannot rely on the fire trucks to put out the fire. Therefore, this effort by each of us to turn off and put out fires is an important factor in minimizing earthquake damage.

Please make it a habit to turn off the fire even in small earthquakes.

It is very important for people in the family, not to mention neighbors, to help each other and put out fires at an early stage in order to prevent fires from becoming a major disaster. Turn off the fire!"

The moment you recognize a small tremor, immediately say to each other, "Turn off the fire!

Second chance When the big shaking stops

It is dangerous to turn off the fire when the big shaking occurs and the kettle, etc., which is placed on top of the gas stove or heater slides down.

After the big shaking stops, call out again, "Turn off the fire! Turn off the fire!" , and go turn off the fire.

Third chance After a fire

Even if a fire breaks out, it can be put out within 1-2 minutes. In order to extinguish the fire quickly, always place fire extinguishers and fire buckets close to the place where the fire is being used.

3. Don't run outdoors in panic

If you run outside in panic after an earthquake, it is dangerous for broken glass, roof tiles, billboards, etc. to fall on you. In addition, cement prefabricated walls, vending machines, etc. are also at risk of collapsing, so don't get close to these objects.

4. Open the door and secure the exit

The shaking of a reinforced concrete house can cause doors and windows to become misaligned, making it impossible to open the door, and there have been cases where people have been locked in the house. Please open the door to secure an exit.

Usually, you should think in advance how to escape in case you are closed in the house, and prepare ladders, ropes, and so on.

5. Outdoor occasions, protect your head and avoid dangerous places

When the earth shakes violently and you are unsteady on your feet, people have the mentality of holding on to and grabbing onto something. Most of the doorposts and walls around you will be the object of support. However, these seem to be quite strong and solid things, in fact, is dangerous.

The 1987 Miyagi Prefecture submarine earthquake killed and injured many people when prefabricated concrete walls and doorposts collapsed. Be sure to stay away from prefabricated concrete walls and gateposts.

The most dangerous thing to do in a busy street or building area is to be hurt by falling glass windows and billboards. Protect your head with your hands or a handbag.

Additionally, you should also be aware of vending machines tipping over and injuring people.

When you are in the building area, depending on the situation, it is safer to enter the building to take shelter.

6. Follow the instructions of the staff at department stores and theaters

The worst thing that can happen in a crowded place such as a department store or an underground street is chaos. Please follow the instructions of the store staff and security personnel.

As far as earthquakes are concerned, underground streets are said to be safer. Even in the event of a power outage, emergency lights will come on immediately, so please act calmly.

If there is a fire, it will immediately fill with smoke. Evacuate in a lowered position and never smoke.

Taking the elevator

Do not use the elevator in the event of an earthquake or fire. In the event of an earthquake while riding in an elevator, press all the buttons for each floor on the control panel, and when it stops, leave the elevator quickly and evacuate after confirming that it is safe to do so.

Elevators in high-rise buildings and recent buildings are equipped with devices to control operation. In the event of an earthquake, the elevator will automatically stop at the nearest floor.

If you are trapped in an elevator, please contact the management office through the special phone in the elevator.

7. Pull over to the side of the road and do not drive in the controlled area

When a major earthquake occurs, it is difficult to drive a car because you cannot control the steering wheel as if the tires have been deflated. It is important to be careful and avoid intersections by pulling over to the side of the road. To avoid blocking the passage of evacuees and emergency vehicles, give way to the center of the road.

Most roads in the center of the city will be closed to traffic. Pay close attention to your car radio and follow the instructions of the police if they are nearby.

If it is necessary to evacuate, keep your car windows closed and your keys in the car, leave the doors unlocked, and stay with the locals in order not to get caught in a fire.

8. Be aware of landslides, rockfalls, and tsunamis

If you are on the side of a mountain or in a steeply sloping area where there is a danger of landslides or rockfalls, you should quickly evacuate to a safe place.

At the coast, there is a danger of experiencing a tsunami. If you sense an earthquake or a tsunami warning, pay attention to your radio or TV and evacuate quickly to a safe place

9. Evacuate on foot with the minimum amount of belongings

Evacuate in case of a fire caused by an earthquake that spreads and spreads, or if there is a danger to your life or personal safety. In principle, evacuation is done on foot with a minimum amount of belongings, led by the person in charge, police, etc., in a citizen's disaster prevention organization, street, etc. You should never evacuate by car or bicycle.

For evacuation of the sick, etc., the cooperation and mutual assistance of local residents is indispensable. From now on, it is necessary for neighbors to agree in advance on how to evacuate.

10. Don't listen to rumors and don't act rashly

When a big earthquake occurs, people tend to be mentally shaken. To prevent confusion, it is extremely important for everyone to act calmly based on correct information.

Get the right information from the radio you carry. Trust the information you receive directly from the government, the police, the fire department, and other disaster prevention organizations, and do not believe irresponsible gossip or act rashly.

Preparation in general

1. Are the safety measures in your own home foolproof?

Preparation in normal times is basic to minimize victimization.

Take measures to secure closets, cupboards, refrigerators, etc., and prevent them from tipping over.

Put transparent film or tape on the glass of cabinets, windows, etc. to prevent the glass from splashing around when it breaks.

In order to prevent the doors of cabinets and closets from falling out if they are left open due to the shaking of an earthquake, install hinges on the doors of cabinets and closets to secure them.

Don't place televisions, vases, etc. in high places.

To prevent glass shards scattered on the floor from hurting people, have thicker slippers ready.

Pay attention to the placement of furniture to ensure a safe space.

Pay full attention to the management and storage of fire apparatus and dangerous goods such as kerosene heating stoves.

Reinforce the cement prefabricated panel wall so that it is strong and not easy to collapse.

2. Are emergency supplies ready?

(1) Drinking water (2) Food, baby formula (3) First-aid medicine (4) Portable radio, flashlight, dry batteries (5) Cash, valuables (6) Underwear, towels, hand towels, etc.

3. Establishing a collaborative system of mutual assistance among neighbors from the beginning of the day

In the event of a major earthquake, it can be expected that it will cause a huge disaster in the general area. In this case, fire engines and ambulances cannot be on call. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a system of mutual aid and cooperation in case of a fire or injury by communicating with local residents through organizations such as local communities from the beginning of the day.

Neighborhoods should discuss the system of mutual assistance in case of a fire.

Actively participate in citizen disaster prevention organizations.

Actively participate in disaster prevention training.

Emergency preparedness for earthquakes

At the time of a devastating earthquake forecast

At the time of a devastating earthquake forecast

At the time of a devastating earthquake forecast