1902, France and Spain concluded a secret treaty to carve up Morocco. In the same year, France and Italy signed a treaty stipulating that their plans in Morocco and Libya would not be hindered. 1904 secret deal between France and Britain: France recognizes that Egypt belongs entirely to Britain, and Britain recognizes that Morocco belongs to France. Germany opposed the deal, arguing that Morocco should not be owned by France.
1904 in may, France provided Morocco with huge loans on the condition of controlling the tariffs of important ports in Morocco, hiring French military instructors, and opening mines to build roads, which prompted it to implement the "reform plan" and caused contradictions with Germany. 1905 In March, when Kaiser Wilhelm II visited Morocco, he claimed that the Sultan of Morocco was an "independent monarch" and that foreign countries were "absolutely equal" in Morocco. The relationship between France and Germany is very tense.
1906, 1880 the meeting of participating countries of the Madrid convention was held in Silas, algie, Spain. Germany was forced to give in because Britain and Russia supported France. The meeting declared Morocco's independence, and at the same time recognized that France and Spain had police power over Morocco. Subsequently, France's influence in Morocco increased day by day, which caused strong resistance from the local people.
19 1 1 the uprising of Fez residents in Morocco. In April, France invaded Fez on the pretext of protecting overseas Chinese and quelling riots. Germany quickly responded by sending the gunboat "Leopard" to Agadir to demonstrate and prepare to seize Morocco. On the brink of war, Britain can't tolerate the German naval base near Gibraltar. 1 14 On June 65438+ 10, the two countries signed a treaty, and Germany recognized Morocco as a protectorate of France, but made compensation by acquiring a part of French Congo (covering an area of 275,000 square kilometers). Although the crisis ended, it strengthened the alliance between Britain and France, but intensified the confrontation between France and Germany. France declared Morocco its protectorate. Also known as Agadir crisis, it happened in 19 1 1, which is an international crisis. In July of that year 1, Germany sent the battleship Leopard to Agadir, Morocco, to declare Germany's interests in Morocco.
moroccan crises
The relationship between Britain and Germany has been strained for a long time by the arms race. Under the leadership of German Emperor William II, Germany began to manufacture a large number of dreadnoughts in A.D. 1890, while Britain regarded it as an attempt to challenge its maritime hegemony. When Britain found that German ships had arrived in Agadir, it was mistaken that Germany wanted to turn the port into a German military port in the Atlantic Ocean. As a result, the relationship between the two sides became more tense, while Britain tended to support France according to the Anglo-French agreement. Germany's move is actually to recover compensation from France. According to the resolution of 1906 Algeciras meeting, France has benefited a lot in Morocco. So this crisis can be regarded as another dispute caused by colonialism.
On July 9th, France and Germany started negotiations and finally reached an agreement on June 4th. 165438+. Germany recognized France's position in Morocco and ceded parts of northern Cameroon to France (now southern Chad); France allocated the south-central part of French Congo (now the northern part of the Republic of Congo) under the jurisdiction of French equatorial Africa and its adjacent areas to Germany for compensation. With the consent of Germany, France turned Morocco into her protectorate and officially turned it into a colony on March 30th, 19 12. Britain supported France in times of crisis and strengthened the close relationship between the Anglo-French agreement and the three-nation agreement. Because they were more sensitive to the expansion of Germany, the three-nation agreement gradually changed from a colonial agreement to a military alliance. Later, Britain and France reached an agreement to let the British navy defend the English Channel and France defend the Mediterranean. This incident was one of the crises before the outbreak of the First World War.