Gentiana scabra
Also known as Artemisia breviscapus, Bear Fruit, Lysimachia christinae, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Radix Gentianae and Radix Pseudostellariae.
It comes from xiaofeipeng. A plant of the genus Pseudobulbus in Compositae, used as a whole grass. Harvest in autumn, remove impurities, use less or dry in the shade.
Bitter and cold in nature.
Function: clearing away heat and diminishing inflammation, purging fire and detoxifying. Can be used for treating acute icteric hepatitis, toothache, chronic tracheitis, stomatitis, pharyngolaryngitis, tonsillitis, nephritis and malaria; Local treatment of conjunctivitis, otitis media, sores, eczema and traumatic bleeding.
Usage and dosage: 1 ~ 5 RMB; For external use, apply appropriate amount of fresh grass to the affected area, or use fresh branches and leaves to wring juice for ear and eye drops.
Excerpted from the National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine
felwort
Gentiana scabra
English name Gentiana scabra/China squid
Alias Gentiana, Sophora alopecuroides, Sophora alopecuroides, Sophora alopecuroides, Sophora alopecuroides, Sophora alopecuroides, Sang Xue grass, etc. This product belongs to Cyclobalanopsis of Labiatae. It is a perennial herb. Born in the garden ditch, in the open space beside Shanpu Road.
Source This product is the dried root and rhizome of Gentiana rigescens. Gentiana, Gentiana tricuspidata or Gentiana yunnanensis. Gentianaceae. The first three species are called "Gentiana" and the latter is called "Gentiana". Dig and wash in the spring and autumn.
Removing impurities, cleaning, fully wetting, cutting and drying.
Character; Role; letter
Gentiana: the rhizome is irregular and massive, with a length of 1 ~ 3 cm and a diameter of 0.3 ~ 1 cm; The surface is dark gray-brown or dark brown, with stem marks or residual stem bases at the upper end and many slender roots at the lower end and around. The root is cylindrical, slightly twisted, with a length of 10 ~ 20 cm and a diameter of 0.2 ~ 0.5 cm. The surface is light yellow or yellowish brown, with obvious transverse wrinkles on the upper part and thin lower part, with longitudinal wrinkles and branch marks. Brittle, easily broken, slightly flat section, yellow-white or yellow-brown skin, light wood color, punctate ring. Slight breathing and bitterness.
Gentiana scabra: No horizontal stripes on the surface, membranous skin, easy to fall off, yellow-white wood, easy to separate from the skin.
distinguish
(1) Cross section of this product: epidermal cells of Gentiana macrophylla sometimes remain, and the outer wall is thick. Cortical stenosis; The cells in the outer cortex are square, with slightly thicker walls and cork; The cells in the endodermis are elongated tangentially, and each cell is divided into several small square cells by the longitudinal wall. The phloem is wide and cracked. The cambium is not obvious. There are 3 ~ 10 groups of xylem vessels. The medulla is obvious. The parenchyma cells contain fine needle-like crystals of calcium oxalate.
Most tissues outside the endodermis of Gentiana rigescens have fallen off. The xylem vessels are well developed and evenly distributed. Unmyelinated part
The powder is yellowish brown. The surface of the outer cortex cells of Gentiana scabra is spindle-shaped, and each cell is divided into several oblate small cells by the transverse wall. The surface of cells in the endodermis looks like a rectangle, which is very large, and the plane wall looks like a slender transverse texture. Each cell is divided into several grid-like cells by a longitudinal partition wall, and most of the longitudinal partitions are thickened like beads. The parenchyma cells contain fine needle-like crystals of calcium oxalate. The diameter of reticulated and stepped conduits is about 45 μ m.
Gentiana yunnanensis has no outer cortical cells. The cells in the inner cortex are square or rectangular, and the transverse texture of the flat peripheral wall is thick and dense, some of which are as thick as 3 μ m. Each cell is divided into many grid-like cells, and the diaphragm is slightly thickened or beaded.
(2) Take 0 parts of this product powder. 5g, adding 5ml of methanol, soaking for 4-5 hours, filtering, and concentrating the filtrate to about 2ml as the test solution. In addition, gentiopicroside was used as reference substance, and methanol was added to prepare a solution containing 2mg per kloc-0/ml as reference substance solution. According to the thin-layer chromatography test (Appendix ⅵ b), 5μl of each of the above two solutions was absorbed, respectively, on the same silica gel GF254 thin-layer plate with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as adhesive, and ethyl acetate-methanol-water (20:2: 1) was used as developing agent, which was developed for the second time, taken out, dried and examined under ultraviolet lamp (254nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear in the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control sample.
Content determination
According to high performance liquid chromatography (appendix ⅵ d).
Octadecylsilane bonded silica gel is used as a filler for chromatographic conditions and system suitability test. Methanol-water (3: 7) is the mobile phase; The detection wavelength is 270 nm. The theoretical plate number should be not less than 3000 calculated by gentiopicroside peak.
Preparation of internal standard solution Accurately weigh the right amount of caffeine and add methanol to make it contain 0/ 1ml. 4mg solution, that is.
Accurately weigh a proper amount of gentiopicroside reference substance by measuring method, and add methanol to make a solution containing 1mg per 1ml. Accurately measure 5ml solution and 5ml internal standard solution, shake them evenly, inject them into 10μl liquid chromatograph, and record the chromatogram; Take about 0.5% powder of this product. 5g, accurately weigh, put in a conical flask with a stopper, accurately add 1 10ml methanol, let stand for12hr, shake from time to time, accurately measure 2ml supernatant, put it in a 10ml volumetric flask, accurately add 2ml internal standard solution, add methanol to the scale, shake well, and take/.
This product contains gentiopicroside (C 16H20O9) not less than 1. 0%。
Bitter and cold in nature. Enter the liver and gallbladder meridian.
Function: clearing heat and promoting diuresis, purging liver and gallbladder fire. Used for damp-heat jaundice, vaginal swelling and itching, leukorrhagia, strong moderate, eczema and itching, red eyes and deafness, hypochondriac pain, bitter taste and convulsion.
1, for fever and abdominal pain: 30g of gentian, salt and juice.
2. Treatment of heat dysentery: Radix Gentianae, Flos Kapok each 15g, and 30g of red pig mother dish, decocted in water.
3, treatment of eye swelling: (1) Gentiana macrophylla 15-30 grams, take juice. (2) Radix Gentianae 15-30g, Herba Polygoni Avicularis 30g, and Radix Rhododendri15g are decocted in water. (3) Radix Gentianae 15-30g, decocting in water, washing with brown sugar, mashing with residue, and leaving holes.
4, treatment of mumps: Gentiana scabra, Hedyotis diffusa, the right amount, add brown sugar to smash, paste the affected area.
5, treatment of women's breast pain: gentian, dandelion, Juncus, all right, smashed and attached to the affected area.
6, treatment of skin wound swelling and pain: take a proper amount of gentian, add tea oil, mash, and stick it on the affected area.
7, treatment of skin sores, redness and heat toxicity: take a proper amount of gentian, add brown sugar, mash, and stick it on the affected area. Or add an appropriate amount of Rhododendron leaves and Pteris vittata, mash and stick it on the affected area.
The oral dosage of this product is whole grass 15-30g and dry product 9- 15g. Appropriate amount for external use. Those who are deficient in cold and have no heat should not take it. Pregnant women should take it carefully.
Usage and dosage 3 ~ 6g.
Store in a dry place.
Remarks: (1) With Bupleurum, Gardenia and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, it can clear liver and purge fire; Akebia stem, plantain seed and Alisma orientalis can clear away damp heat; Coptidis Rhizoma, Calculus Bovis, Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis, purging fire and calming nerves; Compatible with Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, Radix Curcumae and Cortex Phellodendri, it can induce diuresis and remove jaundice.
Excerpted from the National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine