Due to the change of defecation position and habit, many enterostomy patients will be very worried about diet. In fact, as long as they pay a little attention and master the eating rules, they can enjoy food like normal people.
The diet should be light and easy to digest in the early stage of enterostomy.
In the stage of recovery and rehabilitation, we should adopt a diversified, balanced and regular diet on the basis of reasonable nutrition, without special restraint, but we should avoid overeating and eat less alcoholic drinks and cold drinks that are irritating to the intestines.
At the same time, pay attention to food hygiene and don't eat raw or undercooked food.
There is no need for extra tonic after ostomy, and attention should be paid to controlling weight to avoid the stomach thickening caused by too much tonic.
The skin around the stoma is uneven, and the stoma chassis can not be closely attached to the skin, which is prone to fecal leakage and increases the risk of skin inflammation around the stoma.
In addition, obesity is also one of the factors leading to stoma depression or parastomal hernia.
Don't eat too fast or talk when eating to reduce swallowing air.
Carbonated drinks, sweet potatoes, Chinese cabbage, onions, radishes, cheese and various bean products will increase intestinal gas production, so pay attention to reducing intake, otherwise it may cause embarrassment because the bag is inflated or emits exhaust sound in a short time.
At the same time, reduce the intake of onions, eggs, chocolate, garlic and excessive meat, because these foods are prone to odor. It is suggested to drink more skim milk or yogurt and eat vegetables with high chlorophyll content, which is helpful to control the odor of feces, and carbon-containing tablets can also be used to improve these problems.
In addition to physical discomfort, enterostomy patients with diarrhea are prone to leakage and irritating dermatitis. Therefore, we should pay special attention to the quality of food and avoid eating food that is easy to cause diarrhea.
If the symptoms of diarrhea are mild, you should eat less low-fiber and fried foods, or you can eat some soluble fiber foods, such as stewed apple sauce and oatmeal rolls, and supplement sugar and salt water appropriately. If the symptoms are serious, you need to seek medical attention in time.
Too dry stool and long-term constipation will not only cause colostomy bleeding during defecation, but also easily cause colostomy prolapse and parastomal hernia. Therefore, patients with enterostomy should drink more water, eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, such as pitaya, bananas, sweet potatoes, etc., and avoid eating drugs that are easy to cause constipation, such as guava, chocolate, overnight tea, aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate and morphine.
Proper exercise, massage around the navel clockwise by hand, promote intestinal peristalsis and help defecation. Take laxatives under the guidance of a doctor if necessary.
Proper consumption of crude fiber food can promote intestinal peristalsis, help the formation of feces and accelerate the excretion of feces.
However, for patients with anastomotic stenosis, after eating crude fiber food, it is easy to cause difficulty in discharging because of the narrow exit, and there are symptoms of anastomotic obstruction such as abdominal pain, abdominal distension and even vomiting.
Therefore, the consumption of crude fiber foods, such as leeks, celery, corn and mushrooms, is strictly restricted.
Special thanks: Joint Party Committee of Private Hospitals and Health Institutions in Guangdong Province
Author Zhen Li, head nurse of comprehensive surgery and general surgery in Southern Hospital of Southern Medical University.
Editor armand Ren Junfei edited Zhang Xiuli.
Contributed by Guangdong Nursing Association
Produced by Guangdong Health Online All Media Team