The first question is "What is the Hakka flavor". This question is abstract and difficult to answer. How can I attract hundreds of viewers, unlike other experts, to express my ideas clearly?
Fortunately, I am the fourth speaker, and I still have some time to prepare. I took out the post-it notes and drew the pyramid structure. First of all, I wrote down my thoughts: Hakka flavor is the combination of local customs and life wisdom; Then it must be concretized to have adhesion.
Taking the green stalks of taro as an example, I wrote three key points: how to cook taro stalks in Taichung Dajia, Kaohsiung Meinong and Kaohsiung Jiaxian, and their plots are the taste of taro stalks in the three places: Dajia doesn't eat taro stalks very much, because it is not easy to handle, and they all stay in the ground to rot as fertilizer; Meinong fried with white vinegar; There are three kinds of food in Jiaxian-fried pork ribs and peanut soup, and sour taro stalks with salt fermentation to match porridge. ...
I looked at the audience's expression, described the taste of taro stalks with a microphone, and heard a lot of laughter. Through the taste of a small taro stalk, I conveyed how different terroirs and environments affect the dietary taste of Hakka people.
The host noticed that I took notes with sticky notes at the scene and observed the audience's body language. "When people hear you sharing, they will bend over and listen carefully." I replied that a lively and interesting speech can attract the audience, but it should also stick to the theme and avoid losing focus.
The speech should be vivid, and the article should be more vivid, so as to arouse the interest of readers. When you speak, you can interpret the listener's expression and body language. When writing, it is difficult to judge without readers in front of you. It depends on the reader's empathy.
The plot depends on the joints to make the article run.
The course before the plot force emphasizes accuracy, accurate thinking and expression. Next, learn how to make the article lively.
Vivid is a picture with action, and words with action depend on verbs. With verbs in sentences and paragraphs, they will live immediately and be full of positive power.
In paragraph thinking, nouns and verbs are the key. Stephen King said in "Writing": "A sentence is a definite text, including nouns and verbs. A complete idea jumped from the author's head to the reader's heart. If you add any nouns and verbs, you will have a complete sentence. "
The structure of the pyramid is like the skeleton of the human body, which is a stable hardware, but it will be stiff without power. Plot force is the joint that makes the pyramid run, and software plays a key role.
Next, let's look at three different types of articles, how to use verbs to make the content vivid.
■ The first type
To talk about personal experience, observation, narration and travel notes, please refer to the first two paragraphs of the first chapter "The Dining Table Story of Fengbin People" in Time Has Changed:
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These two paragraphs are mainly connected by nouns and verbs, and there is a sense of picture after the action. The theme is to observe how Ami chef Yao Zhong picks seaweed. I wrote a big scene with waves, describing the process that Yao Zhong had to fight with the sea in order to pick seaweed.
■ The second type
Write your own life experience or outlook on life, as well as life stories. Adding verbs in moderation will make the article more confident. For reference, I described my daughter's mental journey of participating in the billiards school team in "Going My Own Way".
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Every few sentences, there will be verbs and few adjectives. These verbs strengthen the sense of picture and make readers feel immersive. Too many adjectives will reduce the sense of the picture.
■ The third type
Focusing on the theme of communication, the use of verbs can emphasize the tone and enhance the sense of the picture, which will not make the words of rational analysis too boring, but also help readers understand and deepen their impressions.
You can refer to Chapter 6 "Attack of Self-destruction" in Opportunity Effect to talk about how to create the second curve of life.
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A good plot should use more verbs than adjectives. The problem with adjectives is that they are vague, inaccurate and abstruse.
In the previous paragraph, I used two paragraphs to describe the process of chef Yao Zhong's adventure in picking seaweed, or I could just write a few words: "Ami chef Yao Zhong is brave, bravely challenging nature and trying to pick seaweed." But readers will not be moved, nor will they know to listen to the waves. After four small waves, there is another big wave. They have to squat in the sea, pick seaweed and put it in the net bag around their waist. ...
In order to use verbs well, writers have to observe and imagine more, and describe details, actions and changes in detail, just like making an action movie, which has a compact rhythm and creates their own writing characteristics.
The plot is the detail, become a text director.
The plot is not only conveyed through actions, but also needs details to create a sense of the picture. For example, when I describe Yao Zhong's actions, I add a lot of details to describe the scene besides verbs, which will make readers feel vivid and full of realism.
The details are not very good. Many people often write a lot of details, but what they write makes people feel confused. The problem is that the details are not closely related to the theme, which leads readers to wonder why they should watch these, and therefore they are out of focus.
Details need to stick to the theme to make sense. Therefore, we should carefully select from a large number of details to find out the content that best fits the theme and can make people feel the most. The secret of reasoning writing points out that the secret of making words vivid lies in details, and a convincing detail is better than a full page description.
Take the second chapter of Opportunity Effect as an example, there is a paragraph about the process of asking a toilet expert to install the toilet from the Internet because there is something wrong with my toilet. (Details are underlined)
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The first paragraph focuses on the punctuality of the maintenance expert, and carefully writes down that he has brought various tools to convey the meaning of complete preparation. The second paragraph describes that he will consult the customer first and install the toilet carefully, politely and carefully. In the third paragraph, he deliberately wrote that he wiped the floor on his knees, spoke confidently, and showed his importance to his profession. Without these small details, you won't feel the characteristics of this toilet expert.
Wonderful details will create a strong sense of the picture. There is a famous saying in English writing books that "presentation, not narration" emphasizes not always narration, but presenting the picture and letting it speak for itself. Words with a sense of picture can be broadcast live synchronously in readers' minds.
Create a three-dimensional sense with details
We often hear the staff ask the director what to shoot and what to present in this shot. It is how to present a three-dimensional picture of a plane script through a camera.
The lens angle is the reader's angle. If you want to use the sense of picture, you should practice being a text director. Words are your lens, taking readers to swim in the ocean of words. "The author is like a cinematographer, manipulating the audience's line of sight during the story. The language skills used are equivalent to different angles of the lens and rapid switching of the lens. " Steven Pinker said in Style Feeling: 2 1 Century Writing Guide.
The word director has three kinds of retractable lenses. "telephoto lens" describes the location and big scene; The "middle shot" zooms in and shows the interactive relationship between characters; Finally, the "close-up", which brings the camera closer to the protagonist, can capture facial expressions, reactions and feelings, and also capture the details of clothes or props.
Take "A Fairy's Dining Table Story" in Chapter 8 of Time Has Changed as an example;
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The first paragraph is a telephoto lens. From my point of view, I can see the sparkling forest in front, and I can also see a moving shadow.
The second paragraph is the middle shot. The camera zoomed around Lai Ge, a vegetable farmer, and saw him with headlights, a long-sleeved shirt, a cap and a laundry list.
The third paragraph is a close-up. The camera shot asparagus, like a column of soldiers standing at attention, and also photographed Lai Ge's fingers sideways, conveying his good kung fu in picking vegetables.
The three shots from far to near show the hard work and skills of vegetable farmers, and also let readers know their work more clearly.
If it is a narrative, it will be finished in only one sentence or one sentence: "I live in the home of asparagus farmer Lai Ge, and I pick vegetables with him in the morning until he gets up and works at dawn. This day has been like a day for decades. "
This is the difference between spectator narration and subjective presentation. How to make readers feel the same? Instead of telling them it's raining cats and dogs, it's better to make them feel wet by the rain.
The plot should be tangled and arouse emotional resonance.
Apart from verbs and selected details, the most exciting part of the plot is to create suspense.
Many books that teach people to tell stories will mention that the core of the story is "conflict" Conflict is the engine of the story. Without conflict, there is no story. Without conflict, the story will not move forward.
As long as it is a story, there will be conflict. Conflicts are not necessarily tense. Everyone has aspirations and goals, hoping for a pleasant journey, but the result is often not as good as expected. When the target encounters external or internal obstacles, conflicts will occur. If there is conflict, there will be inner entanglement, which will make readers have curious suspense and care about what will happen next. So the motivation of the story comes from the process of why it is entangled and how to solve it.
No matter what kind of story you tell, the best way is to create the biggest suspense in readers' minds and urge them to keep turning pages so as to know the subsequent development. The secret of reasoning writing emphasizes that the plot produces its own cousin, which is suspense. Suspense will keep you reading and wondering what will happen next.
So the story has a simple formula, goal+obstacle+entanglement, which produces curious suspense, which is also an interlocking causal chain.
Carmen Simon, a cognitive scientist, pointed out in Remember, You Can Win that, according to a popular research conducted by SlideShares website in 20 15, "accident" is the most effective variable for people to remember and trigger actions for a long time. As long as people are surprised (good or bad), they will have extra emotions and attention.
As long as it exceeds the original expectation and has an accident, it will attract the attention of readers and let them continue reading. Before the TV advertisement is broadcast, there will be events that hinder the target. What should we do about this unexpected situation? Let's sell it first, so you can't wait to know.
As long as you master the tangled elements, there will be attractive plots. In addition to writing, it can also be used in general briefing proposals. If the content is rich and the expression is clear, it may not be attractive. Because there are only goals, no obstacles, and no entanglements that people care about, the audience naturally cannot generate the attraction of continuous attention.
The second chapter of opportunity effect, "Deliberately creating chaos", mentioned how buy buy, who bought directly from farmers, gave up his great career from an advertising copywriter, devoted himself to agricultural marketing and became the CEO of establishing social enterprises. I will analyze these paragraphs as follows.
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Please pay attention to two main points. First, goals, obstacles, and entanglements are one after another, and the three elements are interlocking and do not jump. This process will have ups and downs, which will exceed readers' expectations, and readers will want to know what to do next.
Second, even if the plot is strong, it should be written in fishbone. Write a fish-head sentence first to convey the key points of goals, obstacles and entanglements, and then use a fish-head sentence to convey the plot, ending with a fish-tail sentence and connecting with the next paragraph.
Plot power is used to attract, impress and convince readers. You can't tell stories blindly, but stick to the theme, so that readers will gain something.
Take the story of "buy buy's" Jin Xinyi as an example;
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The last four paragraphs should close the story, return to the theme of bravely accepting chaos, and strengthen the meaning of the story with conclusions.
Realistic readers make us more pragmatic and make full use of plot power, so as to turn external facts into our own inner truth.