1. Tian Jing Sha · Qiu Si, is a Yuan song written by Ma Zhiyuan of the Yuan Dynasty. The full text is as follows:

Withered vines and old trees have faint crows,

The ancient road has a westerly wind and a thin horse.

The sun sets in the west,

The heartbroken people are at the end of the world.

2. Translation:

At dusk, a group of crows landed on an old tree entangled with dead vines, emitting a shrill cry.

The water flowed under the bridge, and smoke curled up from the houses beside the bridge.

A skinny horse trudged forward on the ancient road against the west wind.

The sunset gradually lost its luster and set from the west.

In the cold night, there are only lonely travelers wandering in distant places.

3. Appreciation:

Ma Zhiyuan was keen on fame when he was young, but due to the high-pressure national policy implemented by the Yuan rulers, he never succeeded. He lived a wandering life almost all his life. As a result, he became depressed and depressed throughout his life. So during the journey, I wrote the song "Tianjingsha·Autumn Thoughts".

The title of this piece is "Autumn Thoughts", and it is a sad work about autumn. It is an ancient tradition in the Chinese literary world that Qiushi is susceptible to illness. It has continued since Qu Yuan's "Li Sao" until now. "Le Ji" says: "When the human heart moves, things make it happen." It means that external objects make people's inner feelings move. So what is it that can make external objects move? "Poetry" says: "Qi is an animal, and things are touching, so it shakes the temperament and forms various dances and chants." He believes that this kind of thing that can make things move and move your heart is 'qi'. So what is anger? The ancients believed that there are two qi, Yin and Yang, in the universe, and it is their movement that creates everything in the world and the four seasons of dawn and dusk. For example: Yang Qi is strongest in summer, so the vegetation is lush. But when it reaches its peak, it begins to decline, and the Yin Qi gradually grows, slowly arriving in autumn and winter. In autumn and winter, the Yin Qi is the strongest, so the vegetation declines. When the yin reaches its extreme, it turns into yang. When yang is born, all things grow, so a hundred flowers bloom in spring. Because the four seasons are warm and cold, the natural scenery is also different, and people's hearts are moved by these changes. The sprouting of vegetation in spring reminds people of beauty, so it arouses a liking for it. The dying of vegetation in autumn is reminiscent of aging and the end of life. Therefore it makes people feel sad and sad. In "Li Sao", Qu Yuan sighed: "The sun and the moon are suddenly not flooded, and spring and autumn are the order of the times. But the scattered vegetation is afraid of the beauty's twilight." Song Yu said in "Nine Bian": "It's sad, the autumn Because of anger! The grass and trees are swaying and decaying..." Lu Ji's "Wen Fu" says: "Sadness comes from falling leaves in autumn, and joy from spring." Although they are in different times, their lives are different. The thoughts and feelings are the same.

Looking at his scenery again: "It's dusk again, and the day is coming to an end. The setting sun hangs on the top of the mountain as if it's about to set, and I reluctantly complete the day's mission. The scenery in front of me is really desolate, The vine is a withered vine, no longer alive. The tree is a thousand-year-old tree, and the rustling west wind is blowing it towards the old road. The horse is a weak and thin horse, facing the people at the end of the world. How can such a bleak scenery make me sad? You see, the bridge, the flowing water, and the people are so peaceful and cozy, but my hometown and relatives are still so far away from me. Okay? The weather is getting colder. Have they bought a quilt? If all this is so worrying, why don't I go back earlier? Is the so-called fame close to me? How long is the road to the capital? I am so confused in such a twilight, and in such a bleak season. Should I continue to pursue fame? Or should I serve my elderly parents? I can only wander on the long ancient road with sadness... "Such a desolate scenery makes people look sad. In addition, the tranquility and warmth of the small bridge, flowing water, and people's homes serve as contrasts, making the melancholy more profound and the sadness even more poignant. This is the beauty of describing scenery!

Look at his word choice again: "Withered, old, faint, ancient, thin. The next word makes me feel very sad, and I can no longer write it into a sentence. As for the finished article, it can make people burst into tears. The most amazing thing. The clever thing about the word "thin" placed before the horse is that it describes the thinness of the person but not the person. The thinness of the horse brings out the thinness of the person and the hardship of the person's journey in pursuit of fame. Poverty makes people feel the pain even more when they read it, and those who don’t cry when reading this song don’t understand its meaning.

Ma Zhiyuan (1250-1321), courtesy name Qianli, nicknamed Dongli (one says the courtesy name is Zhiyuan, later nicknamed "Dongli"), Han nationality, from Dadu (now Beijing), another says (Ma Zhiyuan was born in Dongguang, Hebei Province) A native of Macitang Village in the county, he was named Dongli to emulate Tao Yuanming's ambition). He was later than Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu and others. His birth year should be before Zhiyuan (started in 1264), and his death year should be after Zhizhi changed Yuan Dynasty. By the first year of Taiding (1321-1324), he was known as the "Four Masters of Yuan Opera" together with Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu and Bai Pu. He was a famous dramatist and sanquist in my country's Yuan Dynasty.