Examination paper of academic examination for junior high school graduates in Zhejiang Province in 2006
science
Instructions for candidates:
1. The full score of the whole paper is 200 points, and the examination time is 120 minutes. The test paper is ***8 pages, with 4 big questions and 39 small questions.
2. The answers in this volume must be in the corresponding positions on the answer sheet 1 and 2, and it is invalid to do it on the test paper. Answer sheet I * * * 1 page, answer sheet II * * * 3 pages.
Please use a pen or ballpoint pen to fill in your name and admission ticket number in the corresponding positions on the answer sheet 1 and 2.
4. Relative atomic mass that may be used in this volume: H-1c-12O-16cl-35.5ca-40.
Tips: Please examine the questions carefully and answer them carefully. I believe you will do well!
Test paper 1
Please use a pencil to black out the brackets or boxes corresponding to the admission ticket number and subject name on answer sheet 1, and then begin to answer the questions.
A, multiple-choice questions (this question has 20 small questions, each with 4 points and ***80 points. Please choose a correct option that matches the meaning of each question, and they will not be deducted.
1. Today is June of Gregorian calendar 12, and May of lunar calendar 17. You can see the moon phase last night in the following picture.
2. The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games advocated "Green Olympics". The meaning of "green" includes "green city, green life, green consumption and harmonious development between man and nature". "Green Olympics" needs to start with me and the little things around us. The following practices that do not conform to the concept of "green" are
A. Discard waste batteries at will
B. Don't forget to turn off the light when you walk, and don't forget to turn off the tap when you wash by hand.
C try to reduce the use of disposable wooden chopsticks, napkins, plastic bags and other items.
D. send e-cards to classmates, not paper cards.
3. If hydrogen atom is represented by "●" and oxygen atom is represented by "○", the model of water molecule can be expressed as
A.○ C. D。
4. The following organisms can carry out photosynthesis.
A. paramecium B. panda C. peach tree D. grass carp
5. The following electrical appliances that do not work by electromagnetic waves are
A. rice cooker B. microwave oven C. radio D. mobile phone
6.UDMH is a common fuel in rocket propulsion, and its chemical formula is C2H8N2, which belongs to
A. compound b metal element c oxide d nonmetal element
7. In order to protect the ecological environment of the Antarctic, scientists visiting the Antarctic should not only take non-degradable garbage such as plastics away from the Antarctic, but also take domestic garbage such as feces away from the Antarctic. This is because of the South Pole.
A. Lack of producers B. No consumers C. Few decomposers D. Lack of necessary living facilities
8. In order to make the same apple tree bear different varieties of apples, the following breeding methods can be adopted.
A. layering B. cutting C. grafting D. seed propagation
9. The following phenomena can explain the crustal changes.
A. Four seasons change B. Water flows downwards C. Earthquake D. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
10. The following phenomena can explain that the pressure of gas is related to the flow rate.
1 1. The following events exposed by the media involved chemical changes.
A. Waxing fruits with industrial paraffin wax "beauty" B. Fumigating auricularia auricula with gas generated by sulfur combustion.
C, mixing starch into milk powder to make inferior milk powder D, and mixing fake wine with industrial alcohol and water.
12. In the process of acquiring knowledge by watching TV, reading books and reading newspapers, etc. We need to deal with a lot of information. The main part of processing this information is
A. spinal cord B. cerebellum C. brain stem D. brain
13. Chew the rice carefully for a while, and we will feel sweet. this is because
A.rice is sweet. B. Some starch in rice is decomposed into maltose.
C. Part of protein in rice is decomposed into amino acids D. Part of fat in rice is decomposed into glycerol and fatty acids.
14. "A thousand hammers cut out a deep mountain, and if the fire burns idle; I am not afraid of broken bones, but I want to remain innocent in the world. " Yu Qian's poem Ode to a Lime contains certain scientific knowledge. The poem "Burning Too Idle with Fire" vividly describes the chemical reaction: CaCO3 Cao+CO2 ↑, and the type of this reaction is
A. Combination reaction B. Displacement reaction C. Decomposition reaction D. Double decomposition reaction
15. Taikunshan Tunnel, the second longest tunnel of Yong-Tai-Wen Railway under construction, has a total length of about 7 kilometers. After completion, if the train passes through this tunnel at a speed of 2 10 km per hour, it will take about
A.2 seconds B.2 minutes C.0.5 hours D.2 hours
16. In order to protect consumers' rights and interests, a technical quality supervision department conducted spot checks on wire products in the market, and found that the diameter of copper core in a brand wire was obviously smaller than that marked in the wire specification, resulting in excessive resistance. From the analysis of the factors affecting the conductor resistance, the main reason affecting the conductor resistance is that it does not conform to the specifications.
A. length of wire B. cross-sectional area of wire C. material D. temperature of wire
17. A classmate learned from the data that some purple leaf or petal extracts have properties similar to litmus test solution. If he wants to know whether purple morning glory has this property, which of the following substances should be dropped into the petal extract for observation?
A. vinegar and alkaline soapy water B. vinegar and yogurt C. sugar water and yogurt D. vinegar and salt water
18. In the following usage of rope or steel wire, it is to reduce the stress area and increase the pressure.
A. Cut plasticine with thin thread when making contour lines. B. Weave Chinese knots with red thread.
C. Tie the shoelaces to prevent the shoes from coming loose. D. the rope is wound around the pile to help tie the boat.
19. In June this year, the United States will build an observation deck in the Colorado Grand Canyon. It is built on the western wall of the Grand Canyon, and is U-shaped, with a height of1200m from the bottom of the valley. It is named "footbridge", as shown in the figure. If a stone with a mass of 0. 1 kg falls from the observation deck to the bottom during construction, the work done by gravity of the stone is (g is 10 N/kg).
A. 12 coke B. 1200 coke C. 1.2× 105 coke D. 1.2× 106 coke.
20. In the experiment of measuring the electric power of small light bulbs, the circuit connected by four students in a class is as shown in the figure, in which the correct connection is
Test paper 2
Please write the answers to this volume in the corresponding position on the answer sheet 2 with a pen or ballpoint pen.
Second, short answer questions (this question 10 small question, 20 spaces, 3 points for each space, * * * 60 points).
2 1. Adolescence is an important period of physical and mental development in one's life. As shown in the figure, it shows the curve of height growth rate of men and women in a certain place. Please answer the following questions:
(1) A Variation curve of representative height growth rate (choose "male" or "female").
(2) The difference in appearance between adolescence A and B is called primary sexual characteristics.
(3) Experts advise teenagers to eat more foods rich in "protein", "sugar" or "fat" because it is the main raw material for human cells to grow and repair tissues.
22. As shown in the figure, in the experiment of studying the imaging characteristics of flat mirror, in order to determine the imaging position of plasticine in A, A (filled with "flat mirror" or "thin glass plate") in the figure should be selected, and the image formed by plasticine through A is (filled with "real" or "imaginary").
23. Exploring the universe is the eternal theme of mankind. The table below shows the atmospheric characteristics of three planets discovered by scientists. Please answer the following questions:
(1) Venus has a strong greenhouse effect because of its dense atmosphere and high gas content.
Atmospheric characteristics of planets
Uranus is mainly hydrogen and methane.
Venus has a dense atmosphere with carbon dioxide accounting for 97%.
The atmosphere of Mars is very thin, with carbon dioxide accounting for 96%.
(2) More than 2/3 of human body mass is one of the purposes of Opportunity on Mars to find out whether this substance exists.
(3) With the intensification of the energy crisis, scientists have turned their attention to the universe in the process of developing new energy. Uranus is rich in hydrogen and methane, which makes it possible to become a "space gas station". Please write the chemical equation of hydrogen burning in oxygen.
Hangzhou, Ningbo and Wenzhou are three important cities in our province. According to the map, we can judge that the latitude and longitude of Hangzhou is roughly; The following table is the temperature and air quality forecast for a certain day in Hangzhou-Ningbo. As can be seen from the table, the city with the worst air quality in the three places on that day is.
City name, pollution index of major pollutants, and air quality grade
Inhalable particulate matter in Hangzhou101~121Ⅲ1(slightly polluted)
Inhalable particulate matter 78 ~ 98 Ⅱ in Ningbo (good)
Inhalable particulate matter 66 ~ 86 Ⅱ in Wenzhou (good)
25. There is a large amount of geothermal energy in the earth, which continuously heats groundwater and increases the energy of water. When it gushes out of the ground, it forms a surface hot spring. After the water is heated to boiling, continue heating, and the water temperature (select "continuously increase" or "keep unchanged").
26. As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the recording head on the tape recorder. When recording, the sound is first converted into currents with different intensities. When the current passes through the coil on the recording head, the coil is sexual, resulting in the magnetic core gap A.
27. The picture shows organisms classified according to similarities and differences. For example, the similarity of class A creatures is that they breathe with their lungs all their lives; The similarities of Class B creatures are as follows: (choose "viviparous" or "oviparous").
28. When studying the germination of pea seeds, put pea seeds on cotton in a Petri dish, set up the following four groups of experiments, and record the germination after a few days:
After cotton germinated for a few days at the national temperature (℃) in the experimental site.
Dark stem 23 does not germinate.
The dark and wet 23 have sprouted.
Acrylic acid dry 23 does not germinate.
Ding Guangwu wet 23 all germinated.
(1) Choose two groups to do a comparative experiment, which can study whether pea seeds need water for germination.
(2) From these four groups of experimental phenomena, it can be concluded that pea seeds are definitely not needed when they germinate.
.
29. In the experiment of observing human oral epithelial cells with a microscope, two students, A and B, made temporary films and observed them under a low-power microscope. The observed object is shown in the figure.
The observation effect of classmates is better; Another student left something in the temporary film, and the observation effect was not good.
30. The human body is a conductor. The following table shows the current values passing through the human body and the corresponding human body reactions:
Current (mA) 10 30 100
Human body reaction
The feeling of electric shock,
People can break free and feel severe pain,
Nerve numbness makes it in a short time.
People's hearts stop beating.
The resistance between hands of people with dry skin is about1×105 Ω. When the skin is wet, the resistance may drop to1.5×103 Ω. When the skin is wet, people may feel an electric shock as long as a voltage is applied between their hands.
Third, the experimental inquiry questions (5 small questions in this question 15 spaces, 2 points for each space, ***30 points)
3 1. A classmate made an experimental device as shown in the figure with a suitable polished rod and an empty cup of the same size, and adjusted the device by sticking plasticine at the bottom of the cup to keep the polished rod in a horizontal position. When he slowly pours carbon dioxide gas with density greater than air into the empty cup on the right, one side of the rod will descend.
32. Human sweat is salty. A classmate guessed that sweat might contain sodium chloride and was going to do an exploratory experiment. She thought of two ways to extract sweat. Method 1: directly absorb sweat with a rubber-tipped dropper and transfer it to a beaker, and then add a proper amount of distilled water to dilute it; Method 2: Wash with sweaty hands in a container filled with tap water, and then transfer the cleaned tap water to a beaker. The method is correct.
Under the guidance of the teacher, she used the correct method to extract sweat and conducted the following experiments:
(1) Take an appropriate amount of extract from the test tube and drop it into the barium nitrate solution. There is no white precipitate, indicating that there are sulfuric acid and sulfate in sweat.
(2) Take a proper amount of extract from the test tube and drop it into silver nitrate solution, and it is found that white precipitate appears, but the precipitate does not dissolve after adding dilute nitric acid. It can be inferred that the chemical formula of white precipitate is.
(3) Pour an appropriate amount of extractive solution into an evaporating dish, and heat it to evaporate, so that small particles similar to salt appear.
Do you think she can draw the conclusion that "these small particles are sodium chloride" according to the above three-step experiment?
33. A scientific experimental group obtained the experimental data shown in table 1 during the mixing experiment of alcohol and water. After calculation and processing, the data in table 2 were obtained.
Table 1 Table 2
Experimental serial number: volume of water (ml) volume of alcohol (ml) total volume before mixing (ml) total volume after mixing (ml)
1 87.8 12.2 100 98.8
2 66.2 33.8 100 97.7
3 44.4 55.6 100 96.4
4 16.7 83.3 100 97.6
5 8.2 9 1.8 100 98.5
Not in the experiment. Volume reduction after mixing (ml) Mass fraction of ethanol in mixed solution (%)
1 1.2 10
2 2.3 20
3 3.6 50
4 2.4 80
5 1.5 90
(1) According to the data in Table 2, use the "mass fraction of alcohol" in the mixed solution to draw the curve of "volume reduction" after mixing alcohol and water.
(2) According to the data provided in Table 2, it can be concluded that when the mass fraction of alcohol in the mixed solution is%, the volume reduction after mixing is the most obvious.
(3) From Table 2 or the figure, it can be concluded that under the premise that the total volume of alcohol and water is unchanged before mixing, when the "mass fraction of alcohol" in the mixed solution increases, the change law of "reduced volume" after mixing alcohol and water is as follows.
34. "Some infectious diseases can be spread by shaking hands, and frequent hand washing can reduce the number of pathogens transmitted by hand." In order to verify this conclusion, two students, A and B, conducted an experiment as shown in the figure. Before the experiment, the sterilized yeast culture medium was put into a Petri dish; Both parties should wash their hands and disinfect. Before shaking hands every time, Party B dipped sterile cotton gauze into the culture solution containing yeast and wiped his hands all over.
Step 1: Party A shakes hands with Party B, and trains with thumb 1 after washing hands.
Press the base three times and cover it immediately.
Step 2: After shaking hands with Party B again, Party A directly uses his thumb without washing his hands.
Press the No.2 medium three times and cover it immediately.
Step 3: put two Petri dishes into the incubator at the same time, and put them into the incubator.
Cultured at 28℃ for 24 hours and observed.
According to the above experiment, answer the following questions:
After (1) culture for 24 hours, if there are more yeast colonies on the culture medium in 1, the conclusion can be verified.
(2) In this experiment, yeast was used instead of pathogenic microorganisms to verify this conclusion.
(3) In the experiment, the yeast on the fingernails was not observed immediately, but was cultured in the culture medium for a period of time before observation.
The advantage of this method is that.
35. When playing badminton, students find that broken feathers will affect the flying distance, speed and stability of badminton. After discussion, they decided to start with the simple way of badminton free fall and explore the influence of broken feathers on the falling speed of badminton.
badminton
Pinpai Swallow Swallow Swallow Jiang Jiang.
The number of broken feathers is 0.28048.
(1) They collected six badminton balls from the stadium, as shown in the following table:
In your opinion, you should choose three numbered badminton.
(2) After students A and B correctly selected three shuttlecocks, they respectively designed the following schemes:
Classmate A: Let three badminton players be released from the third floor at the same time. Compare the landing order and repeat it three times.
Student B: Let three shuttlecocks come out from the third floor and measure the landing speed.
Please comment on the design scheme of students A and B: the simple and feasible operation is the classmate's scheme. In order to make the experimental conclusion more reliable, please give some suggestions on their experimental process.
(3) Playing badminton with the same strength and in the same way, different brands of new badminton fly differently. You think the possible reason for this phenomenon is the difference between different brands of badminton.
Four, analysis and calculation (there are four small questions in this question, 6 points in the 36th question, 8 points in the 37th question, 6 points in the 38th question, 39th question 10, ***30 points).
36. In recent years, highly pathogenic avian influenza has appeared in some areas of China. In order to prevent the epidemic from spreading, sick birds in epidemic areas must be culled, and poultry houses must be buried and disinfected. Avian influenza virus has poor viability in high temperature, alkaline environment or potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite and other solutions. Please answer:
(1) Among the following measures, poultry house disinfection is ineffective.
A. spray clean water B. spray lime water C. spray sodium hypochlorite solution
(2) Killing and burying sick birds in epidemic areas is a measure to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
A. Control the source of infection B. Cut off the route of transmission C. Protect the susceptible population
(3) KMnO4 solution can be used for disinfection, and the valence state of manganese in KMnO4 is valence.
37. The picture shows two sets of gas extraction devices commonly used in the laboratory. Please answer:
(1) When preparing carbon dioxide with dilute hydrochloric acid and limestone in the laboratory, the device should be adopted; This device should be used if a solid mixture of anhydrous sodium acetate and alkali lime is heated in the laboratory to produce methane.
(2) If 73g of dilute hydrochloric acid with solute mass fraction of 10% reacts with enough limestone to generate carbon dioxide, the chemical equation is:
CaCO3+2 HCl = CaCl 2+H2O+CO2↓ Question:
① The mass of hydrogen chloride in dilute hydrochloric acid before the reaction is grams.
(2) The mass of carbon dioxide produced after the reaction (formula calculation is required).
38. Even if the battery is not used after charging, the stored energy will be gradually lost, but its voltage change is very small and can be considered constant. As shown in the figure, the voltage is12v and the capacity is 15A. H-chart of battery remaining capacity of a certain brand changing with time. At present, this battery is fully charged for 6 months at a time, and is used to supply power to lamps with rated voltage 12 volts and rated power of 36 watts. Q:
(1) The battery capacity is "15A? H ",that is, the battery supplies power to the electrical appliance, the current is 1 A, and it can work for 15 hours; Then, when the current supplied by the battery to the electric appliance is 2 A, it can work for several hours.
(2) How many amperes is the current of this lamp when it emits light normally?
(3) How many joules can a battery stored for six months provide for this lamp at most?
39. In May 2006, David, a magician who received long-term professional training? Brian lived in the aquarium for 177 hours. Brian's glass jar is spherical and has a volume of about 7.5 m 3. It is full of water. His body is submerged in water and connected with the outside world through two pipes, one of which is a catheter and the other is used for breathing.
(1) During this period, the energy needed to maintain Brian's life activities was directly provided by his own actions.
(2) If Brian exhausts all the exhaled CO2 gas into the water in the glass jar, the pH value of the water will decrease, mainly because (expressed by chemical equation).
(3) Brian feels almost unaffected by gravity in the water. At present, China also uses similar methods to train astronauts to adapt to life in space. The reason why I feel almost unaffected by gravity in water is that.
A. the supporting force of the container is balanced with gravity. B. Gravity and buoyancy are almost balanced. C. buoyancy is much greater than gravity.
(4) Brian's body volume is about 70 decimeters 3. How many cows does he bear when he is completely submerged in water? (The density of water in the glass tank is still 1.0× 103kg/m3, and g is 10N/kg).
Examination paper of academic examination for junior high school graduates in Zhejiang Province in 2006
Scientific standard answer
First, multiple-choice questions:
1-5 DADCA 6- 10 ACCCA 1 1- 15 BDBCB 16-20 BAABB
Second, short answer questions:
2 1.( 1) Male (2) Female (3) protein
22. The thin glass plate is empty.
23.( 1) carbon dioxide (2) water (3) 2h2+O2 = = 2h2o
24. Hangzhou is located at east longitude 1200 and north latitude 300.
25. The interior (heat) remains the same.
26. Magnetic field
27. viviparous
28. Sunshine of Party A and Party B (or Party B)
29. foam
30. 15V
Third, the experimental inquiry questions:
3 1. Right?
32. One (1) without (2)AgCl (3) without.
33.( 1)
(2)50%
(3) increase first and then decrease
34.( 1) B (2) Prevent pathogenic microorganisms from invading the human body and causing diseases (all reasonable answers are given)
(3) The number and individuals of yeasts are increased, which is convenient for experimental observation and makes the experiment more accurate. (All reasonable answers are given points)
35.( 1) ABC (or DEF)(2) A carries out the experiment without wind (all reasonable answers are given points) (3) Gravity (all reasonable answers are given points).
Fourth, the calculation questions:
36.( 1)A (2)A (3)+7
37.( 1) 1 (2)7.3 (3)4.4 grams
38. (1) 7.5 (2) 3a (3) 518400 joules
39.( 1) Breathing (2) Reducing H2O+CO2=H2CO3 (3)B (4)700 cows.