(1) appetizing soup. Poria cocos 15g, Chinese yam 12g, cereal malt 30g each, and fresh and dried duck gizzards 1 each, boiled and taken. Treat children's indigestion and don't think about diet.
(2) Poria cocos glutinous rice porridge. Poria cocos, coix seed each 25 grams, dried tangerine peel 5 grams, appropriate amount of japonica rice, porridge. Treat diarrhea due to spleen deficiency in children and dysuria.
(3) Poria cocos coix seed cake. Poria cocos, coix seed and white flour, each 30g, are added with appropriate amount of white sugar, ground into fine powder, evenly pressed into cakes and steamed. It is suitable for children and has the effect of regulating the spleen and stomach.
(4) Poria cocos, tangerine peel and ginger juice tea. 25g of Poria cocos and 5g of dried tangerine peel are decocted in water, and ginger juice 10 drop is added when drinking. Has effects in invigorating spleen and regulating stomach, and can be used for treating vomiting during pregnancy.
The role of poria cocos:
1. Diuretic effect: 1. 1. Poria cocos was cold soaked with 70% alcohol. When in use, the alcohol in the soaking solution is evaporated, diluted with distilled water to a certain concentration, and then healthy rabbits are selected for injection according to their body weight. The results of chronic experiments show that the urine volume increases obviously after taking the medicine.
1.2. After intravenous injection of Fuling decoction (0.048g/kg) into dogs, the urine output did not increase, which was ineffective or weak for rats. Taking urine volume and chlorine excretion as observation indexes, rats were given Fuling decoction (fasting 12 hours). Results Under the experimental conditions, Poria cocos could not show its diuretic and chlorine excretion effects.
1.3. Poria cocos has no anti-deoxycorticosterone effect. 2. Antibacterial effect: Poria cocos 100% decoction has inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Proteus. Poria cocos has no bacteriostatic effect on test tube method. The ethanol extract of Poria cocos can kill leptospira in vitro, but the decoction is ineffective.
3. Effect on digestive system: Poria cocos has a direct relaxing effect on isolated rabbit intestine, a preventive effect on ulcer caused by pyloric ligation in rats, and can reduce gastric acid. In addition, it has obvious protective effect on liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats, significantly reducing the activity of alanine aminotransferase and preventing hepatocyte necrosis.
4. Anti-tumor effect: 4. 1 pachyman is the main component of Poria cocos, with high content. Porphyrin itself has no antitumor activity. If the β-( 1→6) glucopyranose contained in it is cut off, it will become pure β-( 1.
4.2 Different routes of administration: Different routes of administration adopted by pachyman system have different anti-tumor effects. The anti-tumor test of carboxymethyl pachyman on sarcoma 180 showed that the anti-tumor rate of intraperitoneal injection to Swiss mice was 99. 1%. The tumor inhibition rate of intramuscular injection was 96.5%. The tumor inhibition rate of intravenous injection was 99.6%; The tumor inhibition rate of subcutaneous injection was 86.3%; The oral tumor inhibition rate was 8.8%.
4.3 Different strains of mice: Fungal polysaccharides were tested with different strains of mice or hybrid mice, and their anti-tumor effects were very different. For example, lentinan has a strong anti-tumor effect when tested in mice with ICR/TCL, ddys, SWM/MS and C57BL/6 strains, and its anti-tumor rate is 85-99%. The tumor inhibition rate of HeHe mice was 37-48%, and that of HeDBA/2 mice was 37-48%. The method was carried out according to 1978 in vivo screening rules (draft). Results The tumor inhibition rate of 180 was more than 30%, which was also 29. The inhibitory effect on mouse tumor U- 14 was not obvious. However, the same new carboxymethyl pachyman injection was tested at 500mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 25mg/kg. The results showed that the tumor U- 14 of ICR/JCL mice had anti-tumor effect, and its tumor inhibition rate was 75.5-92.7%.
5. Effect of pachyman on immune function: 5. 1 can enhance the cytotoxicity of macrophages: pachyman, hydroxyethyl pachyman -3, hydroxyethyl pachyman -4 and intraperitoneal injection can obviously enhance the cytotoxicity of mouse peritoneal exudate cells (PEC); Pachyman, hydroxyethyl pachyman-1 and hydroxyethyl pachyman -2 also have certain effects. A new carboxymethyl pachyman was used in the experiment, and the results showed that it could enhance the cytotoxicity of PEC and improve the phagocytosis rate and phagocytosis index of phagocytes. After 5 days of continuous subcutaneous injection, the phagocytic rate and phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophages increased by 35.5% and 58.0% respectively at the dose of 50mg/kg. Continuous subcutaneous injection of 50m g/kg 10 days increased the phagocytosis rate by 66. 1% and the phagocytosis index by 12 1%. The new methyl pachyman can also antagonize the inhibitory effect of immunosuppressant cortisone acetate on macrophage function. Mice were injected with neocarboxymethyl pachyman subcutaneously for 65,438 00 days (50mg/kg. God). From the 8th day, cortisone acetate (65,438+000 mg/kg/day) was injected subcutaneously for 3 days in the cortisone control group and the carboxymethyl pachyman plus cortisone experimental group. The phagocytic rate and phagocytic index of cortisone control group were 65,438 08.86 3.40%. The phagocytosis rate and index of the experimental group were 34.8 1. 1.75% and 0.86 0.07, respectively. The new hydroxymethyl pachyman can restore the phagocytic function of macrophages in Lewis C57 lung cancer mice and Swiss sarcoma 180 tumor-bearing mice to normal. After subcutaneous inoculation of Lewis lung cancer cells for 24 minutes, C57 pure mice were continuously injected with neocarboxymethyl pachyman (50mg/kg/ day) 10 day. The results showed that the phagocytosis rate and phagocytosis index were (1) in normal mice group: 39.60 4.86% and 0.99 0.20, respectively. (2) Lewis lung cancer group: 24.44 3.38% and 0.55 0.10; Lung cancer and Lewis and neocarboxymethyl pachyman groups: 59.26 6.50% and1.30 0.21. Swiss mice were subcutaneously inoculated with sarcoma 180 cells for 24 hours, and then continuously injected with neocarboxymethyl pachyman (50m g/kg/ day) 10 day. The results showed that the phagocytic rate and phagocytic index of tumor-bearing group were (1): 26.88 4.57% and 0.74 0.65438+,respectively. (2) Neocarboxymethyl pachyman was added to the tumor-bearing group: 45.92 4.13% and1.57 0.12. In addition, pharmacological experiments show that the new carboxymethyl pachyman can obviously improve the phagocytosis rate and phagocytosis index of peritoneal macrophages in mice. After intraperitoneal injection of carboxymethyl pachyman (300mg/kg/ day) for 7 days, the phagocytosis rate of peritoneal macrophages was 38 2.46% and the phagocytosis index was 0.67 0.04. In the control group, the phagocytosis rate was 19.4 1.27%, and the phagocytosis index was 0.32 0.02.
5.2 Hydroxymethyl pachyman can obviously increase the number of antibody secreting cells (PFC) and specific antigen binding cells (SRFC) in the spleen of mice. The enhancement effect of hydroxymethyl pachyman on PFC and SPFC increased with the increase of dose. It can obviously enhance the delayed hypersensitivity induced by BSA in mice. After intraperitoneal injection of hydroxymethyl pachyman 100mg/kg/ day for 4 days, the DTH response of mice was significantly enhanced (P
5.3 Increase the number of acid nonspecific esterase (ANAE) positive lymphocytes. Pachyman was mixed by tube feeding at three concentrations of 250 mg/kg/day, 500 mg/kg/day and 65,438+0,000 mg/kg/day. After continuous administration for 7 days, the number of acid nonspecific esterase (ANAD) positive lymphocytes, hemolytic plaque (PFC) and phagocytosis of macrophages were detected on the 8th day. At the same time, the thymus and spleen were detected. 0.0 1), increasing the number of ANAE positive lymphocytes (P
5.4 Enhance the cytotoxicity of T lymphocytes: Pachyman can enhance the cytotoxicity of T lymphocytes, that is, enhance the cellular immune response, thus activating the body's immune monitoring system for tumors, which is closely related to its anti-tumor activity.
5.4. 1. In-vitro test: the target cells were labeled with 5 1Cr, and lymphocytes cultured for 5 days were mixed with the labeled target cells at the ratio of 1: 1, and the release number of 5 1Cr was used as the index of target cell damage.
According to this, the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes was observed. Different doses of polysaccharide were added in the experiment to observe the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes. The results showed that pachyman and hydroxyethyl pachyman could enhance the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes by 20-28 times, and pachyman and carboxymethyl pachyman could enhance it by 4-7 times.
5.4.2. In vivo test: CBA mice were sensitized with P8 15 tumor cells as lymphocyte activator, and various pachymarans were injected intraperitoneally for different days. Mice were killed on day 10, and spleen cells and mesenteric lymphocytes (MLNC) were taken out. P8 15 tumor cells labeled with 5 1Cr were used as cytotoxic target cells of T lymphocytes, mixed with prepared spleen cells and MLNC in a certain ratio (L: 100), cultured for 3 hours, and the release rate of 5 1Cr was observed. The results showed that all kinds of pachyman could enhance the cytotoxicity of T lymphocytes in vivo. In addition, 100μg/ml hydroxymethyl pachyman can promote NK cell activity.
6. Effect on blood system: 6. 1. It can accelerate the recovery of leukopenia caused by cyclophosphamide in rats.
6.2. The aqueous extract of Poria cocos containing water-soluble small molecular polysaccharide can increase the level of 2,3-DPG in isolated healthy human erythrocytes by about 25%, and can effectively delay the depletion of 2,3-DPG during incubation; The level of 2,3-DPG in mice increased significantly after intravenous administration.
6.3. Both subcutaneous injection and intragastric administration of Fuling decoction can significantly increase plasma corticosterone in mice.
7. Effect on central nervous system: Fuling decoction is injected intraperitoneally at the rate of 5- 10g/kg, which has sedative effect on mice with or without caffeine in advance. Synergistic effect of poria cocos and pentobarbital sodium. Fuling decoction (10g/kg) failed to significantly prolong the anesthesia time of pentobarbital sodium. When the dose was 40g/kg, the anesthesia time was significantly longer than that of the control group, and the sedation index increased with the increase of dose. This synergistic effect may be caused by their central inhibition, and may also hinder the decomposition and excretion of pentobarbital, leading to prolonged anesthesia time.