Second, dietary nutrition: during diarrhea, we should pay attention to supplementing nutrition and appropriately reduce the cellulose components in the diet, such as leeks, celery and garlic moss. And use a diet with less residue to reduce the mechanical damage that high cellulose content may bring to colon mucosa. Regarding the problem of drinking milk for patients with colitis, it depends on whether diarrhea is aggravated after drinking milk, because patients with ulcerative colitis may be allergic to milk protein. On the other hand, some patients may have diarrhea due to the lack of lactase in the intestine. In China, there are more people suffering from lactase deficiency than in the west. Therefore, patients with inflammatory bowel disease during diarrhea should carefully ask whether they have a history of allergic reaction to milk, and limiting the intake of dairy products sometimes plays a role in stopping diarrhea.
Due to diarrhea and bloody stool, long-term eating too little and absorptive malnutrition, patients may have iron deficiency, folic acid deficiency or anemia, and should be supplemented appropriately. Generally, it can be supplemented by oral administration or injection. The use of traditional Chinese medicines that tonify qi and spleen, nourish blood and tonify kidney can also achieve the purpose of strengthening physique and supplementing nutrition, but it is necessary to use drugs dialectically and not to supplement them excessively. Patients with chronic diarrhea should be supplemented with calcium, magnesium, zinc and other trace elements.
Third, correct the imbalance of water and electrolyte: severe patients are prone to dehydration, water and salt metabolism disorder and hypokalemia due to a large number of diarrhea and fever, especially when a large number of hormones are treated, which is more likely to lead to hypokalemia and can induce toxic intestinal dilatation. Therefore, patients should take drugs under the guidance of doctors and pay more attention to the reaction after taking drugs. Outpatients with water-electrolyte imbalance due to the aggravation of illness should be hospitalized in time, so as to replenish water, sodium chloride and potassium salt intravenously in time and correct the imbalance between water and acid-base.
Please refer to the following points!
1. Foods with little fiber and low fat can promote intestinal peristalsis and stimulate the intestinal wall, but they are not easy to digest and are unfavorable to the intestine, so they should be restricted. Oily and fatty foods, in addition to being difficult to digest, will also aggravate diarrhea due to its intestinal sliding effect, so it is necessary to control the dosage of frying, boiling, frying, fat and cooking oil.
2. Pay attention to supplement protein and vitamins. In daily diet, we should choose some digestible high-quality protein foods, such as fish, eggs, bean products and fresh leafy vegetables rich in vitamins. It is best to eat vegetable juice to reduce fiber intake, because patients with chronic enteritis have poor digestion and absorption function, and should adopt an digestible semi-liquid diet with less residue, a small amount of meals, increase nutrition and improve symptoms. During the acute attack of chronic colitis, we should eat porridge, refined rice flour, fish and shrimp, eggs, bean products and digestible food to rest the intestines.
3. If there is dehydration and low sodium in chronic enteritis, you should supplement light salt water in time, eat vegetable leaf soup, and supplement the loss of water, salt and vitamins.
4. When the exhaust and diarrhea are too strong, reduce sugar and easily fermented foods, such as potatoes, beans and milk.
5. Persimmon, pomegranate and apple all contain tannic acid and pectin, which have astringent and antidiarrheal effects. Chronic colitis can be eaten in moderation.
6. Patients with chronic enteritis are weak and have poor resistance, especially the gastrointestinal tract is easy to be complicated with infection. It is necessary to pay more attention to food hygiene, not to eat cold, hard and spoiled food, and to ban alcohol and spicy condiments.
7. Patients with chronic colitis should also closely observe their adaptability to various foods and pay attention to individual differences. Some food, such as eggs, milk, etc. It should have no effect on the intestine. After eating it, the diarrhea is aggravated and the allergen is unclear for a while. So if you find a problem, you must find out the reason, explore the law, and try not to eat.
Besides actively treating acute and chronic recurrent diarrhea, diet conditioning is also very important. Dietary conditioning can reduce the burden on the stomach and promote the repair of intestinal mucosa. In the process of medication, through diet conditioning, we can provide sufficient nutrition to the intestine, improve the nutritional status, avoid irritation, make the intestine get proper rest, which is conducive to early recovery and shorten the course of medication.
Therefore, the dietary principles of patients with acute and chronic colitis are
1, the food should be easy to digest, soft and less residue, and non-irritating. Eating less residual food can reduce intestinal peristalsis and relieve diarrhea. You can eat eggs, dried noodles and rotten rice porridge. Try to eat less foods, fruits and vegetables that contain a lot of crude fiber.
2. Chronic colitis has a long course and often recurs. In order to improve the nutritional status and intestinal environment, a high-protein and high-calorie diet should be given. Foods rich in vitamins, inorganic salts and trace elements, especially foods rich in vitamin C and vitamin B, should also supplement physical strength and nourish the body.
3, eat more food with antidiarrheal effect to relieve diarrhea, and then adjust through comprehensive treatment is conducive to early recovery. Such as: purslane, coix seed, lentil, yam, hawthorn, dark plum, apple, litchi, lotus seed, glutinous rice, japonica rice, glutinous rice, lotus root, ham, black-bone chicken, pepper and so on.
4. properly control fat. Don't use greasy food and fried food in your diet. Cooking should use less oil and adopt steaming, boiling, stewing, stewing and other methods. Avoid greasy food, such as lard, sheep oil, cream, butter, walnuts, etc. , so as not to aggravate diarrhea.
5, avoid eating gas-producing food. Due to repeated attacks, ulcers and scar fibers are alternately produced in the colon mucosa, so the elasticity of the inner wall of the colon is reduced. If you eat more flatulence foods such as soybeans, bean products, fried broad beans and sweet potatoes, it may lead to intestinal gas filling and complications such as acute intestinal dilatation or ulcer perforation.
6, avoid cold fruit. Most patients with this disease are spleen and stomach weakness and kidney yang weakness. If you eat more cold food and cold fruits, such as all kinds of cold drinks, iced foods, pears, watermelons, oranges, oranges, bananas, tomatoes, mussels, sea cucumbers, lily soup and so on. , will further damage the spleen and kidney-yang, so that the spleen and stomach can not exercise, cold and dampness will stop. At the same time, these foods themselves are slippery, which will aggravate diarrhea and abdominal pain.
7. Avoid milk and seafood. Diarrhea patients are prone to colon allergy after eating milk, condensed milk, shrimp and marine fish. , causing diarrhea to worsen. If you have diarrhea for a long time, you can take "Yongcang Hu Ling Zhixie Capsule" according to the course of treatment. In addition, honey and its products have the function of relaxing bowels and cannot be eaten.