Maxim Gorky (1868- 1936) is a proletarian writer in the former Soviet Union, the "greatest representative of proletarian art" (in Leninist), the founder of socialist realistic literature and the mentor of proletarian revolutionary literature. He was born in Nizhny Novgorod (now Gorky), and his father was a joiner, who died young. Gorky was brought up by his grandmother. My grandmother's family is poor, and Gorky, who is 1 1, has to go out to make a living. He used to be an apprentice in a shoe store and an icon workshop, helped cook on a boat, and worked as a porter, sawworker, gardener and baker to make a living. When he was a teenager, he joined a secret group of college students who tended to be populist. All these are Gorky's "universities". After the age of 20, Gorky began to wander around Russia with the purpose of "understanding Russia" and "seeing how people live". During his long wandering, he organized secret groups and carried out revolutionary propaganda while working.

Gorky published his first novel "magal Cudla" on September 1892. Since then, a dazzling star has risen in the Russian literary world.

Gorky wrote many short stories in 1990s, most of which were set in the "bottom" society (such as Malva, Konarov, Chercastle). In Gorky's early works, romantic folklore and fables occupy an important position, such as the story of Ezekiel's mother-in-law, the song of eagle and the song of Haiyan (190 1). Among them, The Song of Haiyan is an inspiring revolutionary horn.

At the end of 1990s, Gorky's creative thoughts became mature. During this period, Gorky published his first famous novel Fermat Goyle Deyev (1899), and then three people came out (1900). In addition, Gorky also wrote many plays of great social significance, such as Little Citizen (190 1), The Bottom (1902), Children of the Sun (1905) and Barbarian (.

Gorky's most famous novel Mother was published in 1906.

Gorky mercilessly attacked the civic consciousness as one of the supporting forces of the old system in many works, such as the novella The Town of Ogurov (1909) and The Life of Matvei Crimean King (191kloc-0/). Gorky's important works published on the eve of World War I include The Story of Italy and The Roaming of a Russian.

In the years of preparing for the October Revolution, Gorky completed the first two autobiographical trilogies-Childhood (19 14) and On Earth (19 16), and my university was the third one, at/kloc-0.

After the "October Revolution", Gorky completed the novel Life of the Aldamonov Family (1925), and at the same time created several plays, among which Egor Blichev and others (1932) were famous. Gorky's last novel, The Life of Kerim Samgin, is an epic masterpiece.

Gorky is not only a language artist, but also a critic, political commentator and scholar. Gorky's literary thesis is a great contribution to Marxist aesthetics. In addition, Gorky also engaged in a large number of social activities. He was the editor-in-chief of Our Lady of Red, organized the World Literature Publishing House, and led the work of the first Soviet writers' congress in 1934. At the same time, he is also an advocate and organizer of writing civil war history and factory history. Under his care, he trained a whole generation of Soviet writers.

Gorky's contribution to Youth is mainly to criticize the dark society with anthropomorphic methods.