Ming Xuanzong

Zhu Zhanji

Tsinghua

bright

Zheng He's seven voyages to the West brought back the main raw materials for making blue and white porcelain from the Mediterranean region. Due to the support and enlightenment of the emperor, blue and white porcelain developed rapidly to its peak in the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty.

Wang Wan

Daming Xuande Year System

Blue and white heavy equipment

At the recently concluded Sotheby's 20 17 spring auction in Hong Kong, a ten-edged fish with algae pattern in Ming Xuande lived up to expectations and found a new owner at a sky-high price of HK$ 202 million. In this auction, * * * has more than 3,500 lots, which belong to modern and contemporary art, China painting and calligraphy, porcelain, jewelry, clocks and watches, famous wines and other fields. , appeared in this spring shoot. In the end, the overall turnover rate reached 87%, and the total turnover was HK$ 36,543.8+0.7 billion, which was more than 30% higher than the earlier estimate.

The most popular auction this season is the algae-striped ten-rib fish of Ming Xuande, which Sotheby's experts call "Xuande Bowl King". Fish algae pattern is one of the common decorative patterns in China porcelain. The fish algae pattern of Xuanyao blue and white fish photographed this time is one of the top Xuande bowls available in the market, with positive shape, natural painting and bright hair color.

At the special auction held on April 5th, the starting price of Mingxuande blue-and-white fish with algae pattern was HK$ 65 million. After several rounds of fierce competition, it was finally sold for HK$ 229 million. According to relevant sources, the successful buyer of this "famous bowl" is Qiu, vice chairman of Sotheby's Asia region and international director of China Porcelain and Craft Department. His grandfather is Qiu, and he is known as the "first generation collector of Nangang".

As we all know, Xuande is the golden age of blue-and-white porcelain, which is not only beautifully shaped, but also has many varieties. It was produced by the former dynasty and burned when the former dynasty was away. Its variety and color glaze are unprecedented and unprecedented. It is influential in history, and is known as "an unprecedented spectacle of the first generation", which has always been respected by future generations.

Why did a small Xuande bowl shoot 220 million?

First of all, it is an orphan with an orderly inheritance. This artifact is an orphan of orderly inheritance, which is extremely rare. Moreover, it is huge (more than the collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei) and its appearance is all over the United States. Even the collections of the world's major museums are hard to compare with. At the same time, it was publicly exhibited at the Tokyo National Museum as early as 1963. So in any case, it can be called "King Xuande"! Qiu once said: "When I first saw this series, my heart almost stopped beating with excitement."

Second, the type is positive and the color is unique. This kind of blue-and-white fish in Xuanyao has a large algae pattern and rare patterns. Fish and lotus leaves, set each other off and become interesting, adding a vivid picture of fish and sincerely practicing god. Omitting the deep wall of the device, the painting is extremely pleasing to the eye, soft and warm, debilitating and makes people fall in love. Therefore, no matter the pattern, painter, shape and size, it is unparalleled.

The third is the general trend. Xuande blue-and-white porcelain has always been the darling of the collection world, and the ceramic world is known as "blue-and-white porcelain is expensive to publicize virtue, and colored porcelain is expensive to turn decay into magic". Xuande blue and white glaze layer has many bubbles and brown eyes; The fetal quality is thicker than Yongle, and the artifacts have marks of division, which can be felt by hand; Most of the blue and white wares in Xuande official kiln are regular script, and there is a horizontal line in the middle of the word "DE" in Xuande. In addition, the lines and strokes of decorative patterns are naturally muddy, much like the faint taste formed by Chinese paintings on rice paper, and the artistic effect is beautiful.

Shen Enwen, director of Sotheby's China and Southeast Asia and a senior expert of China Porcelain Craft Department, had previously introduced Ming Xuande's algae-patterned ten-ribbed rhomboid fish at the preview site. The introduction of this lot is quite poetic: "The kiln is the top of cultivation, and the wonderful ten-petal fancy is like a half-opened lotus leaf, held in the palm of your hand, soft in the middle, caressing and stroking like fat." The outer wall is undulating, and the gods draw four fish tails, walking in opposite directions, swimming between algae and lotus, sending the virtue of innocence and integrity. White porcelain is made of paper and green ink, with clear and smooth lines, lifelike, suitable density and shade. Xuande is a heavy weapon, handed down from generation to generation, unique and rare. "

It has been handed down from generation to generation, painted with the same fish and algae patterns, and the bowl is still intact. The similar fish-algae bowl was only collected in the National Palace Museum in Taipei during the reign of Xuande in Ming Dynasty, but its size was smaller than the ten-rib Lingkou bowl with algae pattern of blue and white fish in Xuande in this auction, which shows the uniqueness and preciousness of this bowl. This Xuan kiln bowl was publicly exhibited in Tokyo National Museum as early as 1963, which is well documented. I haven't seen it in the market for about 50 years.

Xuan kiln blue and white fish algae pattern bowl, leaving deep walls outside, painting extremely pleasing to the eye, soft and moist, people can not help but fall in love. Regardless of the pattern, painter, shape and size, chinese odyssey. Xuande has only two boxes, handed down from ancient times, painted with the same fish and algae patterns, for comparison, but the sizes are very small. Although fish algae pattern is a common decorative pattern in porcelain, it is so beautiful when it is made into a bowl with a flower mouth. Between the ups and downs, they reflect each other, as if the water is shining, adding a vivid picture of the swimming fish sincerely practicing God.

At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Liu Cai, a court painter, was good at painting fish, which led to the trend of painting fish and algae in the Song Dynasty. Since then, ink paintings on fish have been known, even though they may not be everywhere. Among them, it was written by Liu Cai, and the most famous is Liuhua and Fish collected by St. Louis Art Museum. Fish live in water, which is not convenient for microscope observation, so it is more difficult to draw fish from life than other birds. Imagination out of thin air can grasp the essence of spirit, and drawing a fish is complacent and commendable.

Craftsmen are skilled and make good use of five-color cobalt blue tones, with rich and diverse levels. Indigo painted bone, light blue painted color, all write fish research posture. As for the lotus leaf, use a needle to remove cobalt blue, revealing white veins, and the curved edges of the big leaves are covered with moss spots. Skillful craftsmen may deliberately increase the black defects in their kilns, creating a trend of dry peaks and dry summers.

In the long history of China, from Qin Shihuang to Xuan Tong's abdication in the Qing Dynasty, there were 137 real emperors, wise SHEN WOO, incompetent, mediocre and talented, especially in the Ming Dynasty, which was really the characteristics of an emperor. Among them, the most artistic talent is the undisputed Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji, known as Xuanzong in history. Zhu Zhanji Shang Ya Han Mo. Especially good at painting landscapes, figures, animals, flowers and birds, grass insects and so on. Emperor Xuande also spared no effort to support the progress and development of blue and white porcelain. When Zheng He went to the West for seven times, he brought back the main raw materials for making blue and white porcelain from the Mediterranean region. Due to the support and enlightenment of the emperor, blue and white porcelain developed rapidly to its peak in the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty.

The blue-and-white porcelain of Jingdezhen official kiln played an important role in the development history of China ceramics during Xuande period of Ming Dynasty. It is famous for its simple and elegant shape, glittering and translucent glaze color and colorful decorative patterns. Compared with other blue-and-white porcelain wares in Ming Dynasty, its firing technology reached its peak, and it became one of the famous porcelain products in China, and its achievements were praised as "the first generation without precedent". Xuande porcelain evaluation: the materials are good, and blue and white are the most expensive.

As the heyday and golden age of blue-and-white porcelain, Xuande Blue-and-White reached its peak in artistic achievement and has been deeply loved by people since Ming and Qing Dynasties. It reflects the society, economy, culture, art and even ideas at that time from one side. As palace porcelain and exquisite works of art, it has unique artistic charm, which has a lot to do with the perfection of the system and the maturity of technology at that time. His works have always been respected by later generations and are a model of blue and white craftsmanship.

More than 50% of the existing 750 Xuande blue-and-white wares in the Palace Museum have only two. The Forbidden City enjoys a high reputation all over the world. Only two of the 750 blue-and-white xuande devices are rich, so you can imagine how precious Xuanqing is. This kind of blue and white can make people's facial expressions suddenly excited, because it has surpassed the visual experience of ordinary people. The colors are rich, bright, elegant and beautiful, with a quiet and delicate charm, plus flashing spots, colorful and beautiful, which is really a miracle on earth.

Xuande blue and white porcelain is deeply loved by collectors because of its unique style, and the price increase is in full swing, which is almost difficult to evaluate. In recent years, Xuande blue and white porcelain has dominated the collection field, and the price has been popular all the way.

Hong Kong Sotheby's 20 17: 229 million algae-patterned mackerel in Ming Xuande;

Hong Kong in 2006: 7.26 million square candlesticks with blue and white broken branches and broken patterns in Ming Xuande;

In 2009, Hong Kong: 6.35 million Ming Xuande Qing Hualien pattern plum bottles;

Shanghai in 2009: Ming Xuande Blue and White Yunlong Flower Market was 8.9 million;

20 13 Hong Kong: 5.82 million plates of Qinglianhua in Ming Xuande;

New york, 20 13: 6.65 million pieces of sunflower petals with broken branches and flowers in Ming Xuande;

20 13 Beijing: mingxuande blue and white dragon and phoenix pattern wash 67 10000.

Looking at the beautiful transaction records of blue-and-white porcelain in Xuande in recent years, these top products handed down during Xuande period all appeared in front of people in a high-profile manner, stealing the limelight in the special exhibition of ancient porcelain, and frequent high-priced transactions occurred. It can be seen that the collection value of Xuande blue and white porcelain has been sought after by buyers, and the market is always enduring.

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