There are many kinds of teahouses in Beijing. There are two storytelling meetings every day, called "Book Teahouse". "Open your books and don't sell green tea" is the slogan of the book teahouse. The "tea bar" sells both tea and wine, as well as peanuts and kidney beans. It is called "Qing Teahouse" for businessmen from all walks of life to gather. It is called "Wild Teahouse" in the deserted countryside. Let's talk about "big teahouse" first, and then talk about four kinds of teahouses: book, wine, green and wild. The teahouse once walked through the Red and Purple Universiade in Beijing in the Qing Dynasty. Eight banners and twenty-four solitary hills, three flags in the interior office, three mountains and two fires, two sides of the warehouse, all money and grain are collected on a monthly basis, and the whole car is distributed quarterly. There is surplus food at home, but people have no food. Besides playing with insects, fish, dogs, horses, eagles and storks, where else can I go for recreation without going to the teahouse? So the big teahouse developed. Third brother tall, third brother short, third brother neither tall nor short. Meng, cheat, Zhao Jiuge, "Everyone is a brother, everyone is not a brother", and everyone is a frequent visitor. In Beijing, the teahouse was the earliest, and the Tianhuixuan outside the door was the largest, and it was later destroyed by fire. Today, it is a big yard, and once opened a market, as we all know. Huifengxuan outside Dong 'anmen is the second largest.

Teahouse is the first cabinet, in charge of take-out and table accounts. There are two cabinets opposite the table, which are responsible for the accounts of waist bolts. Finally, the back cabinet, the management of the back hall and the private room accounts have their own boundaries. The patio is connected with the waist bolt, such as four days in the east and six days in Li Xuan; There are hospitals in the middle, such as Xitianbaoxuan and Rudong Sipailou. Those who have a backyard and only do summer business and private room business, such as Rong Shengxuan outside Chaoyangmen, have their own tricks.

Teahouses used to build bowls. The reasons are as follows: first, tea drinkers focus on light all day and don't need to drink more water. Second, people who drink tea in winter need warm air to raise oil gourd, cricket, smack, slug and even butterflies and mantis. Butterflies, in particular, can't take off without a bowl cover, so the bowl cover can prevail for a while. Drinking tea in a big teahouse is cheap and convenient. If you need to go home for breakfast, or have something to go out, you can buckle the tea bowl on the table and tell the waiter to come back and continue to use it. Because the bowl has a cover, a bag of tea can be used twice, and the tea money is only paid once a day, and it is extremely cheap.

There are three kinds of big teahouses, namely, shared kitchen hall, Wo Wo hall and moving pot hall, plus two kinds of meat shops, there are four kinds.

First, the red furnace pavilion. The red stove in the big teahouse, like the red stove in the cake shop, specializes in making Manchu cakes, but it is slightly smaller and cheaper than the cake shop. There can also be big and small, and there are big and medium. The strangest thing is the "thick stick cake", which is made of hard noodles and grows into a circle. There are two kinds of quality: sweet and salty. Put the stone on the hot pot, stir-fry and bake. At that time, the most famous one was made by Gao Mingyuan. There are only four places in the Red Furnace, one of which is very famous and far away. It's in Dongbao Lane outside Qianmen, facing the city and the river. It is the place where the Six Departments of the Qing Dynasty said that they sent errands and hid traitors and took bribes. Now there are no six, and Gaomingyuan has been changed into the East Station parking lot. Second, Tianhuixuan, the back door, is the place where the officers of the prefect government hold meetings. 3. Huifengxuan in Dong 'anmen, also known as "Mingyuan" (three places away from Haifengxuan in Xuanwu Gate and the above-mentioned Gaomingyuan). During the Lantern Festival in Qing Dynasty, lights were hung in the two corridors of this museum, and most of the ladies came here by car to see the lights. The fourth is Guanghexuan in Andingmen, commonly known as the West Courtyard, which closed down ten years later.

Wo Wo Pavilion. Specializing in snacks, named after Jiangmi Aiwowo, there are fried forks, sugar ears, honey twist, wasp cakes, pot cakes and trumpet cakes. As for the oven biscuits, they are shared by all kinds of big teahouses, and the outside world is far behind.

Third, move the pot house. Between the Red Furnace and Wowoting, there are two or three kinds of baked sesame cakes and fried forks, or steamed buns are used instead.

Ding he er rou pu It is different from restaurants, restaurants, "big goods rooms" and noodle shops. This is a shop that sells both green tea, wine and rice. Therefore, it is called Erhun Store, not because it sells pork and mutton, nor beef and mutton, but because the raw material prepared in the store is a meat, and the diners bring it to the stove to cook, which is called "fried vegetables" and it is also a meat. Now the only two meat shops have been changed into restaurants, and the two meat shops have become a meat shop, and they don't cook. Erhunpu has a unique food in Beijing called "carrion noodles". Shaped like noodles, marinade is lighter than sliced meat, and other ingredients are not complete, but it has a special flavor. Besides the second butcher shop, the most famous shop in the former Qing Dynasty should be the first one to promote "Bacon Xu" outside Chaoyangmen. At the peak of grain transportation, a pig is sold every day, which is praised by the grain gang and can spread far and wide in the south of the Yangtze River. There is also Longhaixuan at the western end of West Chang 'an Avenue, which is also two meat shops. When there was a controversy about education in Beijing, the Beijing School (Principal's Association) gathered here, so some people did not call it the "Longhai School".

Before Gengzi, there were many big teahouses in Beijing. In addition, there is Yongshun Pavilion outside Chongwenmen, which monopolizes the tax clearance of Chongwenmen and the merchants in the flower market, and is known as "Tian Quan Yushun is famous for its height". Tianshouxuan, Beixinqiao, specializes in customers with yellow flags in Sangushan, Manchu, Mongolian and Han. Dengshikou Xuan specializes in the customers of Jiugushan inlaid with blue, white and white. Tianluxuan, Fuchengmen Street, specializes in customers of right-wing flags. A porch outside the west entrance of Huguo Temple can attract some diners, because the wine in Liu Quan is good. Tianshou, Guang Tai and Guanghe, because they can directly drive their cars in, most people with high status and car classes like to drink and play chess under the canopy, so they are particularly prosperous for a while. The book Teahouse is mainly about telling stories. Storytelling is divided into "daytime" and "bright night". Books are opened from 3 pm to 6 pm during the day. Books are opened at 7 or 8 in the evening, distributed at 1 1 or 12 in the evening, and there is even a short game before the book is opened during the day. In the afternoon 1 until 3 o'clock, it is called "speaking early". All the famous storytellers take turns to say that the daytime lights are late, and beginners or unknown characters are willing to say early. However, the ordinary book teahouse does not make an appointment for the morning meeting. Storytellers take two months as a cycle. Replace when it expires. Anyone who is allowed to perform in this teahouse in these two months every year is called "dead turn" In the case of leap month, ask another person to describe January, which is called "single month". There are three months from top to bottom, and there are three months from one month to another. As for from two to four months, it is rare. It depends on the appeal of storytelling and whether there are good people in the library. In a word, it is not on the right track.

Before the book is opened, the teahouse can sell green tea, which is also a kind of "saving" and "opening" for businessmen from all walks of life. After the book is opened, green tea will not be sold. The cost of listening to books in a library is called "book payment". The official book is only said six times, and then continued four times, which can last seven or eight times. On average, each book costs a small copper coin.

Beijing is the birthplace of storytelling, and most of the famous storytellers are trained in Beijing, but the old listeners in Beijing also have special experience and are particularly accurate in their ears. The artist became famous as soon as he was evaluated by his regular readers. Storytellers in Beijing are afraid of Donghuamen and Di 'anmen, because both Dongyuexuan outside Donghuamen and Tonghexuan outside the back door are very experienced, and even if they are wrong, they will be criticized, so that they cannot develop. In fact, only the layout and decoration of Dongyue Xuan and Tonghe Xuan can make the Beijing Library complete. In addition, it should be regarded as Fuhaixuan of Tianqiao, because Tianqiao is a game place with no frequent visitors, and anyone who tells stories can earn money from Fuhaixuan.

The storytelling in the teahouse mainly includes these categories:

In a robe, there are books such as The Bulletin of the Nations, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Western Han Dynasty, Eastern Han Dynasty, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Zhong Jing and Ming Yinglie. All fall into this category. Every soldier comes out with a face and a fighting frame, which are all the same. For example, people with dark faces will be covered in black, and there will be books such as "black oil armor, soapy satin robes, sitting in a dark horse and holding a spear in their hands".

Xiao Ba Shu is the so-called case-solving book, also called chivalrous book, such as the Eight Righteousnesses of the Great Song Dynasty, Elvis Presley, the picture of good and evil, Yongqing Shengping, Sanxiajian, Gong Peng 'an, Shi Gong 'an, Foolish Gong 'an, etc., which describes chivalrous deeds, guards protect the hospital, and mountains are king. Sometimes strange cases are inserted to solve the case in disguise, which greatly pleases people and increases the wisdom of the audience. For example, Fennie Yuen said that the "Zhao Biqiao's Reunion", "Four Major Murders" and "Zhang Jiazhai and Cuiping Mountain" in the stone case were all very ingenious. Sometimes when books are exhausted, it is bound to be interspersed with the loss of antiques by the state, the loss of seals by big officials, the loss of officials, and the resurgence of spring clouds. The book is well organized, and Elvis Presley is the best. Unfortunately, it is better to say that the case-solving book in the Qing Dynasty was blazing. There is also The Picture of Righteousness and Evil, which is well organized and well interspersed, but there is no printed copy. Guang's specialty died last year, and now only Akuoqun can continue his master career. The map of good and evil is about to be lost, and many plots are stolen from case-solving books. If someone can write a novel, it will be popular.

Case-solving books pay attention to variations, such as Ma Chenglong's Shandong accent, Xu Liang's Shanxi accent, and Zhang Yu's and Xia Tianxiong's southern accents. But only these three accents can be changed, and other accents are not allowed to be changed. It's better to say that case-solving books, books with their own characteristics can learn different tones. It's interesting to talk about Zhao Bi, Du, Zhao Yuanba and Yan. The rules of storytelling are: first, it is not allowed to criticize the literal meaning in batches (except Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio); Secondly, you are not allowed to learn what is scolded in the book; There are two people in the book who can only be distinguished by tone when they speak, and "someone said" is not allowed. Therefore, anyone who is good at telling stories knows that he is a learner as soon as he opens his mouth. The dead storyteller Shuang Houping, his disciples Yang Yunqing and Fennie Yuen can best describe the characters in the book. Even books with robes and mandarin jackets, including Yue Fei, Yue Yun and Niu Hao, should be clearly distinguished. There are also folk songs between Paoze and Gong 'an, such as Water Margin. There are also wars in the array, business cases, bachelors and local tyrants, and children's affairs. This is a difficult book to tell.

On that day, Shuang Houping was talking about Water Margin, but Lu and jy had completely different personalities. Ruan Xiaoer, Ruan Xiaowu and Ruan are three pairs of similar but actually different faces, which make people hear clearly. Especially good at picking curtains and tailors, Song Wu killed his wife, a song "Very Light" can speak for five days, and no one in the audience is willing to pass books. Yang Yunqing is the only person who can succeed Shuang Houping. It is said that there are two books in Yun, one is Biography of the Duke of Ji and the other is Water Margin. Anyone who listens to Yang Yunqing is not tired of listening to it several times, because the burden he shakes is always changing, and there is no dead burden. In the past, Pan Hotan won the most praise from bookstores and enjoyed a world-famous reputation. In the past, Shi Gong An and Yu Gong An, written by Qun Fuqing, were the best, and they were known as "living yellow tyrants". If anyone wants to enjoy listening to books, it is best to listen to the group Fuqing, especially the latter set of Shi Gong An and the former set of Yu Gong An, which often annoy the audience and enjoy a 40-year reputation. There are many apprentices of Qun Fuqing, all of whom are "Rong", and only one Zhang Rongjiu can get the marrow. There is also an indirect apprentice, Ting, who can pass on his Yu Gong 'an. Hai Wenquan is one of the better case-solving books. Middle-aged favored, can speak "Biography of Ji Gong" and "Yongqing Shengping". At the end of each round, special performances such as "visiting the West Temple", "breaking the national costume" and "changing careers" will be performed, which is much better than the current cross talk. There are several kinds: Journey to the West by Inner Dantu, List of Gods of Outer Dantu, and Biography of Jigong. It is said that The Journey to the West is a Taoist storyteller, which has only been written for several decades and has been circulated for four generations: "Forever, Existence, Taoism and Righteousness". Playing fishing drums and selling agarwood bergamot cakes when telling books. I heard Li Youyuan and his apprentice Kui Daoshun, as well as Xing Yiru and Shi Yijiang, disciples of Kui Daoshun, talk about The Journey to the West. When I got to Quedaoshun, I got rid of the fishing drum. In the "Yi" generation, even the agarwood bergamot cake can't be made. Li Youyuan is famous as a "living monkey", and Kui Daoshun is famous as a "living eight quit". When I was a child, I was fascinated by westward journey for many days. Because when talking about The Journey to the West, it is necessary to imitate the five senses and limbs of Monkey Sun and Bajie, and children are prone to problems after listening, so parents generally forbid their children to go to the library to listen to The Journey to the West. The Journey to the West has been lost in the storytelling world, and it can no longer be said that there is only one Li Jun who didn't go to sea in "Quiet and Beautiful Xuan" (a proud disciple of Kui Daoshun, who once saved Wei Xiao's life and passed on The Journey to the West, now works in a primary school in Dongcheng and refuses to publish it).

The list of deities is more popular than The Journey to the West, and Shuang Houping can speak this book, which is also the last book that Shuang Houping spoke before his life. Shuang Houping's words are very funny, and the immortals in the list of gods are nicknamed by other names. For example, if the ear of a fairy with long ears is pulled down, Maitreya becomes a Buddha, so Maitreya is called "big stator" because the middle and lower classes of banners say that everyone adds children to their surnames. Some people think Gemini is too abrupt to get sick, which is too superstitious. Few people say "now", and Li is not bad.

Biography of Jigong is also the best in Shuanghouping, and there will be a lot to say in the future, from the birth of Jigong to the capture of Han Temple. Yang Yunqing was the only one who died the second time. Yun Qing said that the biography of Jigong has its own advantages and disadvantages. First, it can take care of Jigong's arhat status and will not be called a demon. Second, the added materials are all local scenery, especially "official case handling" and "cricket fighting". This is because Yang Yunqing used to be an official, and it makes sense to do an autopsy, just like seeing it. Failure is: too detailed, too slow. Moreover, he is too concerned about helping others, so he always fails to use words well when showing his dharma body, which makes him more reserved. After Yang Yunqing's death, Liu said that Biography of Jigong was the best. His strength is that he can satisfy the desire of the bookstore, give people more books to listen to, and add strength to render the power to help the public. His weakness is that he takes a long leave of absence and lacks details.

Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio has produced many talents since the imperial clan of Dejun was founded as a storytelling in the late Qing Dynasty, but it is hard to say. Too literary or too vulgar is not good, and the interpretation of allusions should be seamless and consistent with the original facts.

In recent years, there have been several dead Dong Yunpo who said serial stories, and he is very popular because of his elegant humor. I listened to it for four months in a row, and I remember it deeply. Now the best one belongs to Chen Shihe. Chen Shihe can describe Liaozhai as a secular thing, but it is vulgar and harmless. His strength is that he can press buttons, but other people who say serial stories can't. And Cao Zhuoru, already disabled. Although he is not as good as Dong and Chen, he is not bad. In recent years, people's lives have been difficult, and it is not easy to barely listen to books. Therefore, the only way to pull out bookshelves is to give more books, such as the Sui and Tang Dynasties, which is very common, but in two months, it can be said that from the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Five Dynasties, the number of books is more than five or six times that of others. Therefore, it won the reputation of "eight sets of products" and its business developed greatly.

The book teahouse has hired a storyteller for a year. For example, it was booked years ago, and a banquet was prepared to entertain this gentleman. Call "please support" once a year, even if you die. Some people don't want money, which is called "not buying books". Storytellers pay 37% of their daily income, 30% to the library and 70% to the storyteller. If there is any change, I won't pay it back to Mr. .. Mr. Storyteller met an old acquaintance, and besides the book money, the money he gave also belongs to Mr. Storyteller. For example, when Yang Yunqing tells stories, Cao Junboying always gives an extra dollar each time. At the end of the first day of each round, all the money in the book belongs to the storyteller. On the last day of each round, all the old bookshelves who often listen to books, in addition to the book money, will also give "farewell money", no matter how much, to contact feelings. Before the Qing Dynasty, the forbidden parks in Beijing were closed. Of course, the Forbidden City, ancestral hall, social altar and Sanhai can't be opened, and even the temporary market in Shichahai was opened in five years of the Republic of China. There are no entertainment places in the city except Taoranting and Yaotai. At that time, everyone was having fun, so we had to go far away from the city. In summer, there are incense parties and octagonal drums at the second gate, and the "big flower barrier" and "Wanghailou" are very prosperous. From January to May, Chaoyangmen, Dongbianmen and Erzha come and go, and cruise ships come and go. Reed willows on both sides of the river and the bow singing "Lotus Falls" are not only lively, but also cool and refreshing. There are also four jade teahouses in Shazikou outside Yongdingmen, which are also famous teahouses in the suburbs of Beijing. There is a racetrack, which is very lively in spring and autumn every year. There are octagonal drums and tunes in summer, and nobles, princes and actresses all go there for recreation. Then there is the "Hongqiao Teahouse" in the northeast of Dongzhimenwai Waterworks, which has a large scale and flourished for more than 300 years from the Ming Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty. Before the end of the Qing Dynasty, "Zhao Zhuji" once sang lotus flowers here, but now there is no tile. Although the above-mentioned Erzha, Sikuaiyu and Hongqiao are located in the suburbs, they can't be called wild teahouses, because these three teahouses are all for entertainment, just like the water chestnut pit outside Chaoyangmen in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, which are all places for singing operas. The game teahouse is mainly quiet and elegant, with low earthen houses, ceilings supported by reed foil, morning glory on vine barriers, clay tables and stools, teapots with sandbags, tea bowls made of yellow sand and purple-black bitter tea. I have talked with the old man in the countryside for many years. In a word, Sang Ma, the white clouds in the sky are seen by the eyes, and the drums and songs of frogs are heard by the ears. As far as I can remember, there are these places in the wild tea houses in the suburbs.

Maidian Teahouse is located in Maidian East Kiln outside Chaoyangmen, surrounded by reeds, which is very quiet. Similar to the "Yaoxiguan Teahouse" in Beiyao. Fishermen can go to the teahouse to cook as soon as they catch fish. In case of a sudden storm, they can take shelter from the rain, so they can still live alone. Fish and insects are also produced in the puddles near the wheat shop, especially pale insects, so fish farmers go here to catch fish and insects every year. The fish handle style in the imperial palace in the previous dynasty also used wheat shop as a gathering place for fish and insects. From February to September, the wild teahouse in Maidian is really on its way. As the sun sets, the old man with a fishing rod on his shoulder walks between buildings, which is quite a picture of the person in the picture.

Liu Pu Kangye Teahouse is located in the northwest of Andingmen, surrounded by vegetable gardens, yellow Hua Hudie, new green beds, and old nursery oranges accompanied by yangko, which reminds people of dust. Liu Pu Kang is named after its heatable adobe sleeping platform. People who come here to drink tea mainly aim at playing leaf cards, such as "playing ten iron rings", "rewarding" and "playing shuttle iron rings", as well as "playing the top cow" and "playing Tianjiu". They always give priority to recreation and don't care about winning or losing, so there are no names such as Paijiu, Kaibao and Shatan. Every time the sun sets, the winner pays for the wine and drinks, conspires to get drunk, and then runs to the gate in the moonlight, which is also interesting.

Lvliuxuan Wild Teahouse is located on the east bank of Andingmen, Hebei Province. The teahouse is in an earthen cave, surrounded by willows. The owner opened a pool to draw water, which is full of lotus flowers, which is very poetic. In summer, there are board games and riddles, and a few bows carved in the north for the incense party to row over can attract many teahouses.

The vineyard is located between Chaoyang in the east, the river in the west, the lotus pond in the water chestnut pit in the south, hundreds of grapes in the north, towering old trees and short hedges. It is second to none in wild teahouses. There are mystery clubs, chess clubs, poetry clubs and cocktail parties in summer, which is like a cloud.

"Shanglong" and "Xialong" have no foreign wells in Beijing, and sweet water is rare. The big sweet well in the city earns fifty taels of silver ingots every day by selling water. The "north city water", which is called "south city tea north city water" by Beijingers, refers to "Shanglong" and "Xialong". "Ascending the Dragon and Descending the Dragon" is half a mile northwest of Andingmen, "Ascending the Dragon" is in the north and "Descending the Dragon" is in the south, only a hundred steps apart. In the heyday of the Qing Dynasty, there was an ancient temple in Xinglong Temple in the north of Shanglong, with high terrain and water in the north, with a total area of 10 mu. Monks in the temple set up a tea room with a wing and opened windows on the back wall. They can overlook the western and northern mountains, and swallows can skim the water for miles. It is also interesting to make a pot of tea before the rain for those who appreciate the dragon water. There is a 300-year-old "Uncle Wang" in the temple. When the flowers bloom, the incense cages are full of courtyards, which can attract some literati. Now the "Xia Long" well has collapsed and been filled, and Xinglong Temple is in ruins. Due to the operation of Mr. San Mao, the owner of the well, only Shanglong has been preserved to this day. An ancient hollow willow tree leans against the well. There is a shed in the east of the well, a grape in the south and a reed pond in the southwest. The host sells tea and wine, and also makes some village dishes and steamed bread for sale. Business is good. A large earthen house was built on a two-foot slope. Drinking in front of the window in winter, the sound of goods selling New Year pictures came from the distant village, as if it were thirty years ago.

Sanchakou Wild Teahouse is located in the northwest outside Deshengmen, near Zhong Temple. The teahouse is east-west, facing Deshengmen Avenue, with trees behind it and three short rooms. Business is quite prosperous. Of course, there are also many idle people in the city who come here to drink wild tea, but mainly because the agent of Deshengmen Fruit Company met the fruit camel of West Road here.

Baishiqiao Wild Teahouse is located in Manju Jidong outside Xizhimen. In the Qing Dynasty, Baishiqiao was used as a resting place for soldiers returning from the fire attack of three mountains and a gathering place, so Baishiqiao Wild Teahouse still exists today. Between the high beam bridge and the white stone bridge, the water depth is fishbone, the willow branches brush the water, and the flower shadows sway. There are many people having fun, drinking by boat, floating in the middle stream, or fishing at the bow, and the Baishiqiao Wild Teahouse will be more lively.

Lvchawu

Teahouses in the Qing Dynasty mainly sold tea, but also provided "saving children" and "cutting" services for craftsmen from all walks of life. Anyone looking for a craftsman will go to the teahouse where he has stood for a long time. Craftsmen have no work to do, and they may find a job by sitting in our teahouse and making a pot of tea. There are also teahouses in the Qing dynasty for ordinary people to "shake the meeting", "catch the meeting" and "write the meeting", as well as fan clubs and chess clubs. For example, Cui, the national player of Weiqi, once worked in Shichahai Teahouse, and Najian Pavilion, the national player of chess, once worked in Si Er You Xuan, all of which were teahouse affairs in Qing Dynasty.

Tea wineshop

Teahouses sell wine on a small scale, not only inferior to big jars, but also inferior to small wineries. Although the tea pub sells wine, it does not prepare food and drinks, but only sells sheep's head meat, donkey meat, beef sauce, sheep's tendon and so on in front of the door. Anyone who drinks in a tea bar is for the purpose of chatting, and wine is secondary.