Definition of scientific and technical terms of marine animals Chinese name: marine animals English name: marine fauna; Definition of marine animals 1: fauna distributed in the ocean. Applied discipline: geography (first-class discipline); Biogeography (two disciplines) definition 2: Heterotrophic marine organisms that cannot carry out photosynthesis and can only feed on plants, microorganisms, other animals or organic debris. According to life style, it can be divided into marine zooplankton, marine benthos, marine swimming animals and marine parasitic animals; According to the existence of invertebrates, they can be divided into marine invertebrates and marine vertebrates. Applied discipline: resource science and technology (first-class discipline); The above contents of Marine Resources Science (two disciplines) are examined and published by the National Committee for the Examination and Approval of Scientific and Technical Terminology. Help edit business cards Encyclopedia of marine vertebrates Marine animals are the general name of heterotrophs in the ocean. There are many categories, and the morphological structure and physiological characteristics of each category can be very different. Tiny single-celled protozoa, which can be more than 30 meters long and weigh more than 190 tons. From the sea to the seabed, from the shore or intertidal zone to the deepest trench bottom, there are marine animals. Introduction to Marine Animal Catalogue Distribution of Marine Animals Classification of Marine Animals Classification of Marine Animals Classification of Marine Animals Classification of Marine Invertebrates Classification of Marine Protozoa Marine Vertebrates Top Ten Most Dangerous Animals Book Information Content Introduction of Marine Animals Distribution of Marine Animals Classification of Marine Animals Classification of Marine Animals Classification of Marine Animals Classification of Marine Invertebrates Marine Protozoa Marine Vertebrates Top Ten Most Dangerous Animals Introduction of Books and Information Catalogue began to be edited. The ocean is an important support system for marine animals, which are an important part of the biological world. There are many categories, and the morphological structure and physiological characteristics of each category can be very different. Tiny single-celled protozoa, which can be more than 30 meters long and weigh more than 190 tons. From the sea to the seabed, from the shore or intertidal zone to the deepest trench bottom, there are marine animals. Heterotrophs, whose morphological structure and physiological characteristics are quite different in the ocean. They don't carry out photosynthesis, can't synthesize inorganic substances into organic substances, and can only feed on animals such as plants and microorganisms and their organic debris. There are 1.6 ~ 0.2 million species of marine animals, with various forms, including microscopic unicellular protozoa and higher mammals-blue whales. They are widely distributed, from the equator to the polar waters, from the sea surface to the depths of the seabed, and from the coast to the bottom of the trench in the ultra-abyss. Marine animals can be divided into marine invertebrates, marine protozoa and marine vertebrates. Edit the marine fauna of this section: the living conditions of the ocean are relatively consistent and the area is vast. Besides fish and cetaceans, there are zooplankton and swimming animals, such as cephalopods and jellyfish. In the deep sea, only animals that do not depend on plankton are found. In many marine areas, ocean currents bring nutrient-rich deep seawater to the shallow layer, increasing the fish production in the shallow layer of the ocean. Benthic animals living on the seabed include fixed animals, such as sponges, coelenterates and nereis, and mobile animals, such as crustaceans, mussels, annelids and echinoderms. Coral animals are most developed in tropical oceans. Coral reefs are deposited by a large number of chalky skeletal materials of reef-building animals and plants (especially corals and bryozoa). The coral reef environment has the densest animals and the most species. Edit the classification of marine animals in this paragraph. According to lifestyle, marine animals mainly include marine zooplankton, marine swimming animals and marine benthos. According to the classification system, there are dozens of marine animals, which can be divided into two categories: marine invertebrates and marine vertebrates, or into three categories: marine invertebrates, marine protozoa and marine vertebrates. The marine animals in this section are characterized by strong dependence on the environment, large numbers and strong compression resistance of deep-sea animals. Edit the classification of marine animals in this paragraph. Marine invertebrates have the most kinds and phyla, accounting for the vast majority of marine animals. The main categories are: protozoa (protozoa), sponges (porous animals), coelenterates, flatworms, nematodes, linear animals (nematodes), annelids, mollusks, arthropods, brachiopods, chaetognathus, echinoderms, hemiechinoderms and so on. Among them, brachiopods, hairy jaws, brachiopods, echinoderms and semi-echinoderms are unique to the ocean. Evolutionary history The ocean is the oldest habitat, and life originated from the ocean. As early as CAMBRIAN, many representative species of higher taxonomic units such as phylum and class appeared at the same time, but later many species became extinct, leaving only fossils or a few living fossil species, such as nautilus, horseshoe crab and sea bean sprouts. Some of them continue to their descendants, and many differentiate into many varieties. As far as the phylum of existing animals is concerned, it can be roughly divided into more than 30 phylum (taxonomists still make new discoveries, revise and synthesize this highest taxonomic unit from time to time), among which there are as many as 8 phylum living freely in the ocean, and 14 phylum is only distributed in the ocean; There are 14 phylum in fresh water, but all animals without complete phylum are only produced in fresh water; There are only 10 species on land, and one of them is only produced on land, so the ocean is the mother of life. In addition, among marine invertebrates, there are many phyla with few species and specific types, which are the result of evolutionary natural selection. These species are diverse in structure and function, and can be found from simple to complex, such as sponges without mouths and anus in the digestive tract, coelenterates and flat animals with mouths and anus, and button animals with mouths and anus. Marine invertebrates have different supporting structures from land animals because of the high buoyancy of seawater. Some are limited by adsorption and surface tension, forming small organisms; Some are full of mesothelium, such as floating large jellyfish (jellyfish skin is the product of such creatures); Some sponges with six times magnification have sand as high as one meter; Some exoskeletons with chitin can support large individuals such as shrimp and crab; Or mainly calcium carbonate, to create a beautiful but huge shell, such as shellfish and snails. There are many endoskeletons surrounded by cells, such as calcium carbonate of sea urchin and calcium phosphate of sea bean sprouts (human skeleton is mainly calcium phosphate). These diverse support systems not only increase the size of individuals, but also allow muscles to attach and move around, so animals can live in various types. Such diverse creatures are good materials for studying and comparing various disciplines. Humans divide metazoa into chordates, echinoderms, caudates (sea squirts), cephalochordates (amphioxus) and protozoa (annelids, software, arthropods) according to the simplicity and complexity of these phylum structures, the mode of egg cell cutting during embryonic development, whether the blastopore develops into individual mouths (protozoa) or other mouths (metazoa) and the way of body control formation. Marine protozoa Protozoa is an animal between marine invertebrates and marine vertebrates. Protozoa are all marine products, including caudate animals, such as sea squirts; Cephalopods, such as branchiopods. Hemicatechuic acid, which used to belong to protocatechuic acid, is now advocated by most scholars to be put into invertebrates. Marine vertebrates include marine fish, reptiles, birds and mammals. Among them, marine fish include amphipoda, cartilaginous fish and bony fish. Marine reptiles include Dermedusae, such as Dermedusa; Marine animals of the family Chelonidae, such as Chelonidae and Chelonidae; Hydra, such as Hydra bluefin and Hydra bluefin. There are not many kinds of marine birds, accounting for only 0.02% of the world's bird species. Albatross, mandarin fish, petrel, boobies, warship birds and auks are all well-known typical marine birds. There are about 20 species of marine birds distributed in China, some of which are resident birds and most of them are migratory birds. Common marine birds in China are: white-billed auks and single-billed auks of passeriformes, and red-footed bonito of passeriformes. Orders Jin Siyan and Jin Siyan, etc. Marine mammals include Syngnathus, Pinpoda and Manatee. The smallest marine crab in this section: the bean crab living in Sagami Bay, Japan, is 3.8-4.2 mm long and only as big as a grain of rice. The heaviest sea crab: produced in bass strait, weighing 14kg. The largest lobster: 1934 was caught by the deep-sea trawler "Hesper". From the tail end to the tong tip1.2m, the weight exceeds19kg. This big lobster is on display at the Boston Science Museum. The smallest lobster: it is the horn lobster in South Africa, with a total length of only about 10 cm. The longest jellyfish: 1965 was washed to the beach in Massachusetts by the sea. Its umbrella is 2.3 meters in diameter and its antenna is 36.58 meters. If the tentacles are flattened, they are 74 meters long. The largest snail: the sea rabbit snail found on the coast of California, USA, with an average weight of 3.2-3.6 kg and the heaviest weight of 6.8 kg. The largest snail: the shell is generally more than 20 cm high, and the maximum can reach 40 cm. The most precious seashells: Shellfish experts believe that the white-toothed agate shells living overseas in the Philippines are rare and precious, and three have been found so far. 1975 10, which was captured in macri Island overseas 1 1 and sold to the Japanese for $7,000. Animals that hold their breath for the longest time in water: Among the marine animals that breathe with their lungs, turtles hold their breath for the longest time underwater. It needs a breath and can stay downstream for days and nights. Editing the list of the top ten most dangerous animals and the top ten most dangerous marine animals in this paragraph is somewhat subjective, but it has relevant research basis. These studies are aimed at finding the most terrible marine animals. They are all terrible attacks, which can bring great harm and even death to mankind. Usually this kind of injury and death can be avoided. Among the marine animals on the list, the main "killing" places of two animals are fish tanks and restaurants at home, not their home ocean. Therefore, we can take measures to avoid such tragedies. 1. Box jellyfish Among the top ten most dangerous marine animals, box jellyfish won the most dangerous title for its unique lethality. There are many kinds of box jellyfish living in the ocean. Although there is no official record, there is a lot of anecdotal evidence that dozens of people or even more than 100 people are killed by box jellyfish every year. 2. Tiger Shark But the most terrible shark is not a great white shark, but a tiger shark. In fact, more people die from tiger sharks. Apart from poisonous snakes, there are few animals that can make people naturally afraid, and sharks are one of them. Tiger sharks can be found in many tropical and temperate waters, especially around the islands in the central Pacific Ocean. Records show that great white sharks attack people more times each year than tiger sharks, but the number of accidents that cause death is not as good as tiger sharks. 3. There are two main reasons why stone fish rank among the top three: First, they are the most poisonous fish in the world; The other is that they are masters of camouflage in the animal kingdom, and they can "lurk" quietly at the bottom of the sea like stones, waiting for their prey to take the initiative to come to the door. Although the stone fish will not take the initiative to attack, no one dares to risk close contact with it. The spines on the back of the stone fish can resist attacks by sharks or other carnivores. The released venom will cause temporary paralysis, and if it is not treated, it will die. There is an animal in puffer fish, which can kill people even if it is made into delicious food and put on the table. It's puffer fish The puffer fish, also called "puffer fish", carries more toxins than cyanide. Specially trained Japanese chefs will make the safe parts into delicious food, but the tragedy of diners dying of poisoning often happens. 5. Sea Snakes Humans have a natural fear of snakes, and it is this fear that makes sea snakes succeed in the list. Although it also releases terrible venom like its counterparts on land, the sea snake's lifestyle is more like a "marine hermit", so it is not very dangerous. When it comes to toxicity, people often compare sea snakes with cobras. The venom they release can paralyze their prey in just a few seconds and eventually lead to death. Fortunately, they rarely attack humans, preferring to kill eels, shellfish and shrimps. 6. Giant salamander, also known as "lion fish", is a very popular pet in domestic fish tanks. This fish looks docile, but the fan-shaped thorns are also surprisingly toxic. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States said that although it will not cause fatal harm to human beings, being stabbed by thorns can also cause headaches, vomiting and difficulty breathing. It is by no means a nuisance. 7. Crocodiles Salt water crocodiles have always been called "one of the fiercest carnivores in the wild animal kingdom". They can be more than 20 feet (about 6 meters) in length and weigh 3000 pounds (about 1 360 kilograms). Animals including monkeys, kangaroos, buffaloes and even sharks have become their targets. 8. Stingray Stingray is commonly known as "Stingray". From this name alone, it is not difficult to guess that they are a very dangerous animal. In 2006, crocodile hunter steve irwin died after being stabbed in the heart by a stingray. Owen's misfortune undoubtedly enhanced the reputation of stingrays, a close relative of sharks, as "dangerous animals". 9. Sea Lions Sea lions are among the top ten most dangerous marine animals because they are very territorial and will never show mercy to intruders. Sea lions are considered to be intelligent and trainable animals. They are big stars in zoos, but they are also famous for their biting behavior in the animal kingdom. 10. Sea eel Sea eel has a snake-shaped body, a prominent nose and mouth, and a wide jaw. They are members of the fish family and can be as long as 8 feet (about 2.43 meters). Looking at this primitive animal, we naturally think of death. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States, moray eels have strong jaws and sharp teeth, and the serrated wounds bitten by teeth are easily infected by bacteria in their mouths. Edit the title of this paragraph of book information: Marine Animals Author: (America) Perry, (America) Hall, (America) Hobson, Rongxin Culture Compilation Press: Future Press: 2010-5-1ISBN: 9787541739705 folio: I'm Warren? Wilmot. As a marine biologist, I came to the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, where I made a six-week field trip for the Winchester Marine Museum. This is a trip that I will never forget. I feel very lucky to observe these magical (and deadly) creatures living in their natural habitats! Rare animals such as sharks, octopus and crocodiles are all over this water area, which has brought me unforgettable adventures. In order to bring these wild animals I saw half a world away to the aquarium visitors, I made observation notes, and I also made three-dimensional models of eight fascinating animals I saw. In this book, you can assemble these models and imagine you, me and my investigation team swimming in the deep blue sea of the Great Barrier Reef in Australia! Ok, choose me as the best. I'll send you the PPT of Wonderful Ocean just finished in 30 minutes. Are you there? I'll send you the website.