Founded on 20 1 1, Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd., as a well-deserved "boss" of local power battery enterprises, has developed as fast as the speed of light in recent years. 20 17 Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. began to surpass BYD, which is equally divided in the domestic market, and the gap widened.
According to the statistics of China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance (hereinafter referred to as "Battery Alliance"), the installed capacity in Contemporary Amp Technology Co., Ltd. reached 2.29Gwh from June to June this year, accounting for more than 48% of the domestic market, far behind BYD, which accounts for 14.05438+0%, and LG Chem, which accounts for 9.53%.
The rise of contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. These years are also a year of great changes in the domestic and even global power battery pattern.
Looking around the world, power battery companies in China, Japan and South Korea now occupy nearly 90% of the market share. By observing the data of the power battery industry released by China Automobile Association and Battery Alliance in the first half of the year, we can find that the domestic power battery market is no longer a monopoly stage for local power battery enterprises, but a "three-legged" power battery enterprise among China, Japan and South Korea? Rivers and lakes compete for the market.
Power battery enterprises "three pillars" appeared
Returning to 20 19 is a crucial year for the change of domestic power battery pattern.
In this year, due to the decline of subsidies and the decline of the automobile market, Waterma and Guoneng batteries, which were at the forefront of power battery enterprises, fell one after another, and a large number of battery enterprises that lacked R&D capabilities and blindly expanded either suffered huge losses or went bankrupt.
According to the statistics of China Automobile Association, about 200 power battery enterprises entered the list of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in 20 16, and this number dropped to more than 90 in 20 17. Industry insiders predict that by 2020, there will only be more than 20 power battery enterprises, and more than 90% of power battery enterprises will be eliminated.
The large-scale reshuffle has brought great challenges to the domestic battery production belt, and the output of the "surviving" battery enterprises can not fully meet the market demand. An insider of a car company told this reporter, "It is no exaggeration to say that the batteries bought by our car companies in Contemporary Amp Technology Co., Ltd. in the past two years must be' ranked' because there is no subsidy for buying foreign batteries, and there are too few domestic enterprises to choose such core components as power batteries."
In this case, the competent authorities canceled the "white list" for protecting local power battery enterprises in advance, and announced in June 20 19 that all new energy vehicles equipped with foreign batteries, including Tesla, Mercedes-Benz and Toyota, would receive subsidies in China. This means that local power battery companies have lost the "umbrella" of policies, and Japanese and Korean power battery companies are gearing up to "kill back" the world's largest new energy vehicle market.
The localization of Tesla provides an important opportunity for Japanese and Korean power battery enterprises. In the first half of this year, the domestic sales of domestic Tesla model3 exceeded 45,000 units, accounting for 23% of the market share of new energy vehicles. Tesla, whose sales volume is gratifying, is accompanied by the bullish increase in the domestic market share of power battery suppliers LG Chem and Panasonic.
In 20 19, the top three installed power batteries in China were Contemporary Amp Technology Co., Ltd., BYD and Guo Xuan Hi-Tech respectively, but no foreign battery brands entered the "top three". In the first half of this year, South Korea's LG Chem and Japan's Panasonic ranked among the "top four" power batteries, second only to Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. and BYD.
According to the statistics of battery alliance, in the first half of the year, five foreign-funded power batteries, including LG Chem, Panasonic and Sanyo, loaded 57,000 vehicles, which was nearly 25 times higher than 20 19, accounting for 16.5% of the total power battery vehicles, and all the products were ternary batteries.
Ternary and lithium ferrous phosphate are still the mainstream technical routes.
According to the classification of cathode materials, power batteries include ternary lithium batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries, lithium manganate batteries and lithium titanate batteries.
Because lithium iron phosphate and ternary battery have their own advantages in safety and energy density, in recent years, it has reached a consensus in the industry to develop lithium iron phosphate batteries in passenger cars and special vehicles and ternary batteries in passenger cars.
According to the forecast of the Research Department of China Power Battery Application Branch, faced with the declining subsidies, domestic car companies began to pursue higher cruising range to meet the market demand, and ternary lithium batteries will be highly sought after in the field of passenger cars.
According to the statistics of battery alliance, the installed capacity of pure electric passenger cars in the first half of this year was 1 17 19Mwh, accounting for nearly 70% of the installed capacity of all models. Among them, mainstream pure electric passenger cars are equipped with ternary batteries. In the first half of the year, the installed capacity of ternary batteries decreased by over 37% year-on-year.
At the same time, ternary batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries account for more than 95% of the total installed capacity. Among them, the sales volume of ternary batteries was 126 19Mwh, down 47.2% year-on-year; Lithium ferrous phosphate sales 8526.4? Mwh decreased by 25.6% year-on-year. Although the new energy market is depressed in the first half of the year, ternary batteries still occupy nearly 60% of the market share, and the remaining market share is mainly lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Ternary battery, as one of the mainstream technical routes at present, has become an anxiety point of "Three Kingdoms Kill". According to industry sources, although local battery companies such as Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. have an advantage in power battery capacity. Japanese and Korean companies have world-leading advantages in the field of battery basic research and development. Japanese and Korean companies have realized automation in the production and manufacturing of power batteries and have strong competitiveness in battery consistency.
The head effect is obvious? Cost pressure is huge?
Industry insiders predict that Japanese and Korean battery companies will return to the China market and seize the market share of local power battery companies.
Among the top 10 power battery companies in the first half of the year, except Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. and AVIC Lithium Battery, BYD, Guo Xuan, Li Shen and other companies all experienced different degrees of market share decline, and the competition became increasingly fierce.
According to the statistics of China Automobile Association, there were only 59 power battery enterprises in China from June to June in 65438, 5 fewer than the same period last year. The top five battery companies account for more than 80% of the market share, and the top ten companies account for 93% of the domestic market. With the "spoiler" of Japanese and Korean battery companies, the head effect has become more and more obvious, and this power battery elimination tournament may continue. "Survival" has become the primary problem faced by local power battery enterprises. ?
Liu Jincheng, the chairman of Yiwei Lithium Energy, once said that if local battery companies can't catch up with Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. in technology and cost, they may soon be abandoned by the market. With the decline of subsidies, it will be urgent for power battery enterprises to "reduce costs and increase efficiency".
According to the financial data released by battery companies, the gross profit margin of local battery companies, including Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. and Guo Xuan Hi-Tech, has been declining in recent years. In order to compete for the market, the cost reduction of power battery enterprises is accompanied by the "sacrifice" of profits.
In recent years, the market share of contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. has been expanding, and its revenue has been increasing. At the same time, its gross profit margin has dropped from 43% in 20 16 to 28% in 20 19. The gross profit margin of Guo Xuan Hi-Tech dropped from 47.68% in 20 16 to 29.55438+0% in 20 19. Although local battery companies such as Contemporary Amp Technology Co., Ltd. and Guo Xuan Hi-Tech have claimed that they have achieved cost reduction through technical means, battery prices have fallen faster than cost reduction, and many battery companies are facing the situation of "increasing revenue without increasing profits".
Industry experts pointed out that the change of power battery from "profiteering" to "meager profit" is an important symbol of industry maturity. However, with the price of power batteries falling year by year, battery companies that cannot achieve cost advantages through large-scale production will fall first.
Since the introduction of 20 13 new energy subsidy policy, 150 power battery enterprises have "disappeared" from the market one after another. There is a unique "Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd." in the world, and there are also Japanese and Korean giants who are "chasing each other" outside. Nowadays, the river and lake situation of power batteries is complicated, and the "Matthew effect" appears faster than everyone expected.
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.