How do beginners learn to draw lines? How do beginners learn to draw lines?
Lines are the main means to shape objects in hand-drawn training. For beginners, it is extremely important to master the straightness of lines. So how do beginners learn to draw lines by hand? Let's have a look!
First, draw the peripheral lines with lines.
Let's deal with these problems one by one. If you just draw an object with lines without any internal details, you will find that the lines represent the separation from the background, and the object starts from here. If you draw a profile portrait in front of the wall, lines can distinguish the head from the wall. With a little careful drawing, it is easy to draw the portrait in front of the wall, although your paper is absolutely flat. I think everyone knows this. So, now let's discuss the complicated and subtle problem: using lines to express the connection between blocks.
Second, lines are used to represent the boundaries between faces.
When drawing a cube, a line will be automatically drawn at the center of the intersection of cube faces, which indicates the interval between faces. You will also understand why artists use lines to represent the boundary between one wall and another when painting buildings; He will also draw a line in the center of the desktop to meet the edge of the table. Therefore, he used lines to express the cohesion of external blocks.
Now, imagine yourself in a cube, and you can understand why the painter draws a line at the intersection of the wall and the roof, at the intersection of the wall and the air, or at the center of the intersection of the wall and the wall. This is the connection relationship of internal blocks. If you draw a flat-topped cylinder, you will find that the line you draw represents the intersection of the surface and the war surface. Maybe at some point, you will realize that when you draw the intersection of two curved surfaces, it is only the intersection of chest and chest, or the dividing line between hip and thigh. You have drawn a line at the center of the intersection of surfaces.
Third, use lines to represent the boundaries between colors.
When one color meets another strictly, a line can be used to indicate the difference. If you draw a flag with lines, you should draw lines on the side of the blue square and in each red and white area. When drawing eyes again, draw a circular line on the colored iris, separate it from the white of the eye, and add a small circle in the center where the dark pupil intersects with the iris.
Fourth, lines represent the boundaries between tones.
You should know that artists regard dark parts and projections as colors, so when dark parts suddenly meet bright parts, they often use a line to represent this boundary. If you put a white object (or cube) next to the window, you can see that every surface of this object has different degrees of depth change-color change. When drawing these objects, lines should be used to indicate the difference between light and shade between these blocks.
Fifth, shape with lines.
The further application of lines requires us to draw more abundant shapes in the movement of lines. For example, when drawing striped curtains, we should carefully draw the shape of stripes and fully explain the shape of curtains. Teachers often ask students to put a piece of cloth on the chair and then ask them to draw it. This exercise is very good. The more stripes on the fabric, the better, preferably Scottish plaid.
Besides, it's good to practice drawing ice cubes. Try to draw ice cubes with lines. Because it is transparent, draw a line on the opposite side. Draw a transparent cylinder and draw some spirals around it. Draw a transparent globe and show the longitude and latitude lines around it. In this process, it is not only necessary to explain the shape of objective objects as completely as possible, but also these exercises can strengthen your ability to feel the body. Even in the end, you can imagine the appearance of your paper is transparent. It seems that all the lines you draw are drawn from your hands.
Sixth, outline the outline with lines.
In hand-drawing of human body, in order to make the figure clear, artists are always looking for how to brush according to the change of skin. If the human body can be striped like a zebra, it will be easier to explain the shape of the human body. Because the human body has no such convenience, artists constantly seek and even create similar lines to shape the body in their exploration. They virtually create all kinds of basically invisible lines on the human body. I want to assure you that this is an effective way to get all the knowledge about the principle of hand drawing. For example, an experienced painter often imagines the ribbon around a person's neck, the wrinkles on his forehead, how to connect his faces and how to express them with lines. If he is drawing light and shade with lines, he should focus on how to express the shape and direction of his body with the direction of these lines. It is very helpful to discuss artistic anatomy in terms of which lines on the human body are emphasized in analysis and which lines are secondary or even should be discarded. For example, muscle combinations are mainly related to their different functions, and lines are used to distinguish these combinations, not to distinguish each muscle.
According to my suggestion, drawing lines around simple geometric figures will be of great help to you. It is not easy to draw the whole human body with lines, but it is very beneficial for you to understand the appearance of the human body. This line is called contour line. One way to imagine the contour line is to imagine the trace left by a small insect with ink on its foot when crawling on the human body. In other words, once you can successfully draw the outline of any part of the human body and any turning direction, you will really learn to draw by hand. After fully mastering the contour method, many troublesome problems in hand-drawing can be solved. For example, you know that the eyes do cut at three quarters of the head, so you can accurately draw the complete outline and three quarters of the front outline.
Seven, lines show the change of tone.
Lines are more used to express the changeable light and shade tones of objects under illumination. A line with different intensity changes can represent the whole object in this way: usually, a darker line represents the shady part of the object, and a brighter line represents the shadow of the light-receiving part. If the line is drawn so lightly that it disappears, it means it is a highlight.
Eight. Multiple functions of lines
We will further discuss lines, especially the relationship between lines and block surfaces, lines and light and shade, and lines and directions. But we have talked a lot about the multiple functions of lines you want to know. Sometimes, a simple line can't clarify anything, and there are many conditions, which I just mentioned.
When drawing an avatar, you should think about the change of the top edge line of the upper lip It not only shows the change of block surface when lips meet people, but also shows the difference between red lips and skin color. The change of shape determines the movement of lines. When the upper and lower lips meet, there will be obvious light and shade changes. Finally, I want to say that the light and shade changes of the head should be considered as a whole.
How to cultivate children's practical character, how to cultivate children's practical character
How to cultivate children's down-to-earth character? Children have no patience, won't wait, can't tolerate anything they say, and there is no room for negotiation. These are all manifestations of children's unstable personality. Let's share how to cultivate children's down-to-earth personality.
How to cultivate children's practical personality 1
One: To create a good family atmosphere for children, so that children's personality becomes stable and calm. First of all, parents should try their best to set a good example for their children. A good atmosphere is conducive to the development of children's peaceful personality.
Two: when the child's requirements are not met, explain the situation to the child until the child can understand. Let children learn to wait, and let them understand that one can't meet any requirements at any time. Many things need time to wait and endure.
Three: Parents should keep a calm attitude when children are irritable and willful. In most cases, when children are upset, it will also cause parents' irritability. Parents can naturally suppress their children, but over time, the child's personality will unconsciously deviate from calm and changeable.
Four: Don't scare children when they make mistakes. Adults don't know what to do when they are criticized, timid and threatened, let alone their children. After several times, the child will feel frustrated again and again, and will not settle down to do anything, so he is always absent-minded, half-hearted and all hands.
Five: Let children do what they should do independently, including let children play independently, get along with friends, cultivate a calm and stable psychology in play, and don't exercise such independence. When children are older, they will become indecisive, weak in willpower, unstable in mood, and start to lose their temper when things happen.
Six: Parents should have full trust in their children. The trusted children have a good personality and are prone to trust rather than doubt the society. The trusted child is steady, steady and generous without affectation.
Seven: Develop a regular life. If life is regular, the child's mood will naturally be stable. Therefore, parents should always let their children do what they should do according to the law and treat them with the same attitude at all times, so that children will feel the good character of regularity, stability and composure invisibly.
Children live in an impetuous era. They are often in a state of extreme excitement and seldom think calmly. The more so, the more children should become practical and steady, and learn to look at problems rationally. Don't be too ostentatious, let children learn to be reserved. Only when they are calm and steady enough can they be indifferent to the world.
Children live in an impetuous era. They are often in a state of extreme excitement and seldom think calmly. The more so, the more children should become practical and steady, and learn to look at problems rationally. Don't be too ostentatious, let children learn to be reserved. Only when they are calm and steady enough can they be indifferent to the world.
How to cultivate children's practical character II
How can I make an impetuous child calm down?
On the way to raising a baby, it's not just eighty-one difficulties. It's really not easy to educate a good child. In the process of children's growth, parents have made a lot of efforts.
If you protect your child too well, it will make him feel that the journey is too smooth and smooth. Once a person faces alone, he loses the courage to challenge and overcome difficulties.
Therefore, when educating children, we should know how to relax, be a good guide for children and guide them to make continuous progress.
In this impetuous society, not to mention children, even many adults have the problem of impetuous mind; If you are not calm, impatient and rash, you will end up doing nothing well.
Dabao Congcong is now in the fourth grade. Although he is smart and sensible, he is too impetuous and often gives up halfway, which also makes my father and I worry too much. My husband and I stipulate that children can relax and watch TV for half an hour after finishing their homework.
However, I didn't expect this to aggravate the situation that children can't settle down. Children just want to do their homework quickly, and then they can watch TV. It takes them half an hour to do their homework, while others do it quickly and well. He just wants to muddle through.
When I checked, I found that his homework was always full of mistakes, and his handwriting was crooked and not serious at all. He did it so fast just to watch TV and cope with things.
It is difficult for children to settle down to study, so my husband and I thought about canceling this rule. I didn't expect children to be more passive, lazy in homework and weak in learning enthusiasm.
Later, I once reviewed my own educational methods and talked a lot with my children. I found that he was very interested in studying Sudoku, so I made an agreement with him that as long as children did their homework carefully and their grades improved, they could buy their favorite Sudoku toys. But remember, you must finish what you started. Since we bought Sudoku toys, we can't give up halfway, and the children agreed.
Since then, Dabao's learning attitude has changed from normal to normal, and he has also focused a lot on his homework, and his performance is a leap, so I am relieved.
Children in modern society are impetuous, which may be partly caused by innate character, but most of them are influenced by acquired environment and human factors.
The pace of study is tense and stressful.
Whether in primary school, junior high school or senior high school, many modern students will have psychological agitation in the early stage of the exam, mainly due to tight learning rhythm and great mental pressure.
Children are eager to see the results, thinking that they have worked hard for so long and must get a good ranking; Every day, under such pressure, many students will become restless, afraid of failing the exam, and their psychological pressure is getting bigger and bigger.
If you had faced it with a calm mind, you might have lived up to expectations and achieved good results; However, because of my impatience, I either forgot to add punctuation marks or forget to write decimal points during the examination, which led to some minor problems that should not be deducted, and the results were not satisfactory.
Children lack concentration and patience.
Some children usually do things recklessly and lavishly, so they can't stick to what they have decided and have no concentration and perseverance. Therefore, this three-minute fever mentality is difficult to do well.
The influence of family education
Parents are children's first teachers, and the influence of family environment on them is naturally subtle and far-reaching; Some parents can't do it themselves. In order to change some current living conditions, they often want to get quick success and instant benefit, and want to achieve their goals through shortcuts. Finally, they are getting smarter and smarter.
Children are born with strong imitation ability. Under the influence of parents and such an environment, it is particularly easy to follow suit. In fact, everything is orderly, so we should be down-to-earth and steady.
Then, how should we guide and educate such impetuous children?
Parents should not always instill the importance of results in their children.
Sometimes, children lack concentration, mainly because they are eager to achieve success and see their own achievements; When educating their children, parents should tell them to pay attention to the process and teach them to be patient, persistent and work hard. Don't always instill the importance of results in children, which will not only bring mental stress to children, but also distract them.
Sometimes the process of exercise is actually more important than the result.
Sometimes the pace of solving problems and doing things slows down, and the mind is more meticulous, so that the problems that should not be done wrong or the small details that are easy to ignore will not be ignored, and the mentality will become quiet and peaceful, and often things will have better results.
Guide children to do emotional management.
When the child is slightly unhappy, it will lead to irritability, anxiety and boredom; Especially when children are impetuous, they will feel unhappy in all aspects, easily lose their temper and be easily distracted when doing things.
At this time, what parents should do is not to add fuel to the fire, but to patiently guide their children to calm down; Try to distract children's attention, such as playing games, going for a walk and seeing nature. To stabilize children's inner emotions and reasonably vent their dissatisfaction, parents should talk to their children in a peaceful tone and communicate their inner thoughts.
Hone the child's mind.
Nowadays, teenagers are impetuous, after all, they are young and frivolous, and always show men's masculinity. Parents should not be too extreme in education.
On the one hand, the child's impetuousness is also his own reason. He doesn't pay much attention to one thing, so he is not very focused, careless and has no perseverance and patience. Once this matter is too complicated, it will aggravate the child's inner boredom, impatience and impulsiveness.
When we educate our children at ordinary times, we should tell them to be strict with themselves, guard against arrogance and rashness, cultivate their temper psychology and take it one step at a time; Modern children have some problems more or less, and it is too ambitious to get rid of them in a short time.
The so-called "haste makes waste" is not unreasonable. The development of personality needs a gradual process, and it can never be achieved overnight. We should not be too impatient when we ask our children. We need to give them some space and a buffer period to improve slowly. At the same time, we should encourage them. If we see some good changes in their children, we can also implement some rewards.
Let children set goals and seek truth from facts.
Excellent children have their own specific goals in doing things, and then it is most important to develop towards this goal, work hard and be down to earth. However, some children did not use the "shortcut" reasonably, so they went astray.
Classmate A did his homework well every time, but he copied it from his deskmate. He made progress in the exam, but he secretly hid the cheat sheet himself. Although the final result looks ideal, it is really not desirable to do so. You may fool the teacher once or twice, but one day you will find something that you won't really learn yourself.
We should educate our children to have a good learning attitude, to be realistic in doing things, and not to neglect the efforts of the process for seemingly good results; At the same time, parents should not overemphasize their grades and make their children feel too stressed.
Before the age of six is an important period for the formation of children's temperament, so it is necessary to cultivate children's positive, sunny and confident temperament. Children should also be taught how to treat other people's unreasonable demands, distinguish between right and wrong, and fight for their rights and interests reasonably under unfair treatment. Only by not instilling wrong ideas in children can children grow up better.
A person's temperament and habits will affect his life. For the future development of children, it is necessary for parents to pay attention to the cultivation of children's temperament and habits.
In fact, there are many picture books on temperament cultivation on the market. This set of picture books on children's emotional management and temperament cultivation is very suitable for children aged 3-6. Now it has been screened and compared for our whole network to avoid unnecessary detours by friends.
For children whose temperament has begun to be stereotyped, the cultivation of temperament can no longer be handled simply by preaching because of the growth of children's age. Therefore, it is necessary to change the child's temperament by listening to prevent arousing the child's rebellious psychology.
This set of picture books has 18 volumes, with obvious themes and strong pertinence. It covers all kinds of temperament problems that children may encounter in the process of growing up, including tantrums, rudeness, timidity, conceit, no opinion, avoiding problems, fear of failure and so on.
Each story has a different animal protagonist. The beloved animal image can attract children's reading hobbies, conform to children's cognitive characteristics, and cultivate children's outstanding temperament.
For example, Be Brave is especially suitable for parents and children to read together before going to bed. It can not only help children develop a gentle temperament, but also subtly enhance the love between parents and children and help children improve their self-reliance and adaptability.
The full set of picture books takes into account the characteristics of children's growth and development, and each theme story is based on children's visual creation, with exquisite hand-painted illustrations, which fully attracts children's attention and stimulates their reading hobbies.
Parents expect their children to become excellent, cultivate excellent temperament and improve their emotional management ability, and this set of books has done it perfectly, which has great help and influence on their lives.
How to cultivate children's practical character 3
How to train children to be down-to-earth
Training suggestion 1: Don't let children rush for success.
We should not only pay attention to speed, but more importantly, pay attention to results. Just like a race, the first person to reach the finish line is definitely not only as fast as flying, but also has excellent physical coordination. A wise man once said, "slow down and we will be faster." Yes, some people do everything in a hurry to show efficiency, and the result is not worth the loss, so that something that should be done at once has to be repeated many times. So, don't rush it.
Tian Tian is a girl who has just entered junior high school. At home, her parents love Tian Tian like babies. Therefore, many times, Tiantian is always unruly and willful. Once, in the school labor class, students were asked to plant a flower by themselves. After returning home, Tian Tian asked her mother to buy some flower seeds for her, so Tian Tian excitedly planted them in flowerpots.
Every day after school, Tian Tian goes to water the flower seeds. However, it took half a month for the flower seed to grow a small bud. Looking at the "disappointing" flower seed, Tian Tian was very angry. She thought she would get a beautiful flower by working so hard, but now she has only got a small bud.
Mom didn't say anything when she saw the sweet reaction. While eating, I cooked a lot of sweet things. Tian Tian looked at the delicious food and had a good time. But the next day, mom didn't prepare breakfast for sweets. Sweet asked her mother angrily why she didn't make breakfast. Mother said seriously, "you ate too much yesterday and didn't grow up." I don't think you need to eat this meal today! " "Sweetness listened to her mother, angry and anxious.
At this time, my mother came to the flowers she planted with candy and said earnestly, "Son, the way you grow flowers is the same as the way your mother raised you." If I feed you today and you don't make progress today, can I give you up? This is obviously wrong. We should not rush for success in doing things, let alone just look at the present, but should take a long-term view.
. Then, down-to-earth to achieve our goal. "Listen to the mother, sweet finally understand the truth that can't rush to do things. Later, under the sweet care, her flowers finally bloomed beautifully.
In fact, rushing for success is likely to backfire in the end. Therefore, parents should educate their children not to rush. Parents train their children to do things in a hurry, and they must start from the little things in life. Because the way children do things is gradually developed in daily life. Therefore, children should be made to realize step by step that "Rome was not built in a day".
Training suggestion 2: let children learn to concentrate.
As parents, we must fully realize that the habit of concentration is very helpful to cultivate children's down-to-earth attitude. Children can become practical only with their heart. If a child is always half-hearted, it is difficult to cultivate his down-to-earth attitude.
When parents are cultivating their children to concentrate and be practical. You can tell him more reading stories, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. Conditional parents can also take their children to the reading room of the library to read books, so that children can feel the environment and atmosphere where everyone is absorbed in reading, or they can put their children in a noisy environment to exercise their ability to do things seriously anytime and anywhere.
Tong Tong just entered junior high school. After entering middle school, he didn't adapt to many places. Slowly, this discomfort will make Tong Tong unable to concentrate on the class. As a result, Tong Tong's grades are getting worse and worse. Later, the teacher found Tong Tong's father and told him about Tong Tong's inattention in class. Dad didn't criticize Tong Tong after knowing Tong Tong's problem, but took Tong Tong to a noisy fast food restaurant and read with her in a noisy environment.
At first, it was difficult for Tong Tong to settle down and read carefully in a noisy fast food restaurant. However, after a morning's exercise, Tong Tong can finally ignore the surrounding environment and read the contents of the book carefully. After several such exercises, Tong Tong can finally concentrate on his studies in class.
Parents should cultivate their children to concentrate on their work, observe their activities and games in life, educate their children in time, and let them gradually develop a down-to-earth style. For example, when children don't pay attention to painting, the painted figures or animals lose their arms or legs. Parents can gently remind their children: "You must pay attention to painting and not think about anything else!" Only in this way can you draw well. "
Training suggestion 3: don't let your child's goal be too high.
Children's world needs imagination. Only by letting the child plug in the wings of imagination can he fly higher and see farther. There is nothing wrong with this statement. Not only children, but each of us should have dreams. But those dreams that are unrealistic and difficult to realize have no meaning to our life. Therefore, parents must not let their children aim too high and dream unrealistic dreams.
Legend has it that there is a kind of fish in an estuary. It wants to go upstream and see the end of the river. So, the fish set off, and along the way, the fish with excellent swimming skills crossed the rapids for a while and the dangerous beaches for a while. Fish passed through layers of fishing nets in the lake waves, and were chased by waterfowl again and again, and finally came to the source of the river-the plateau. However, before the fish could celebrate, it was frozen into ice.
Many years later, a group of climbers found the fish in the ice on the plateau. By carefully studying the shape of this fish, people found that it is a fish from the estuary. Then, one sighed, "What a brave fish this is! It must have gone through a lot of hardships to get here! " "Then another man looked at the fish and said with emotion," This fish is really brave, but its bravery is used in unrealistic things. "Therefore, it is doomed to fail."
The idiom "get what you want" seems to be very suitable for children nowadays. They can get what they want without much effort. Children can easily become unrealistic and ambitious. Parents must let their children know themselves and their surroundings clearly and keep them away from lofty mentality.
Wang Qiang is a newly graduated college student. After ending his ivory tower life, he confidently embarked on the road of finding a job. However, Wang Qiang's resumes to major companies are like a stone, and there is no news. Wang Qiang was surprised at the result. He didn't expect that he was an "all-round" figure in the university, but he was not appreciated by any big company.
Finally, Wang Qiang decided that he had to find a big company with a high salary, but a small company wouldn't go. In this way, Wang Qiang looked for a job for nearly half a year, but never found a position in a big company.
By chance, Wang Qiang met his classmate Zhang Lei. In a chat with Zhang Lei, Wang Qiang learned that Zhang Lei joined a small company after graduation. In this small company, Zhang Lei works hard every day, which makes the boss very satisfied. Finally, Zhang Lei worked for less than half a year, and the boss promoted him to deputy manager of the department.
After listening to Zhang Lei's experience, Wang Qiang began to feel that he only wanted to enter a big company, and the idea of getting a high salary was very problematic. Finally, Wang Qiang decided that he should keep his feet on the ground, not aim too high. Soon, Wang Qiang found a job in a small company and began to keep his feet on the ground.
Now, more and more college students, Rainbow, are too ambitious to find a job. I'm sure parents don't want their children to make the same mistakes as Wang Qiang in the future. Therefore, parents should tell their children to be down-to-earth when they are young, and don't aim too high, which is very helpful for their later life.