1, Sima Guang and Guang Shan

Sima Guang, whose real name is military adviser, was born on October 18th in the third year of Tianxi (10 19). His ancestral home was Guangshan (now Guangshan County, Henan Province), where his father worked. Sima Guang's father's name is Sima Chi. Zhenzong was a scholar in the second year of Jingdezhen (1005), and in the third year of Tianxi (10 19), he was transferred to Zhengzhou as a defense judge. At this time, the magistrate of Guangshan was absent, and he was appointed as the magistrate of Guangshan. In October of that year, he gave birth to his third son. Because my son was born in Guangshan, he was named Sima Guang.

Sima Guang spent his childhood in Guangshan County. At the age of six, he began to read and write. At the age of seven, he was as smart as an adult. He especially likes to listen to the teacher's "Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals" and tell it to his family when he gets home. Inspired by his interest in learning, Sima Guang couldn't put it down any longer and began to study hard day and night.

Seven-year-old Guangsheng is as imposing as an adult. As soon as he heard about Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals, he couldn't put it down. He retired for his family and lost his big finger. Naturally, I can't put down books, and I don't know hunger (Song History).

2. Sima Guang smashed the cylinder

Sima guang is not only eager to learn, but also not the kind of person who reads dead books and applies what he has learned. Just when Sima Guang was seven years old, he did a great event that spread through the ages, smashing cans to save people. At that time, a group of children were playing in the courtyard of the county government. A naughty child climbed into the vat and fell into it and was flooded.

All the other children were scared away because of this unexpected event. Only Sima Guang is very calm. He picked up a stone and smashed a big hole in the jar. The water in the jar came out, and the child who slipped and fell into the jar was saved. This is the famous Sima Guang who smashed the jar.

A group of children were playing in court, one climbed the urn and his foot fell into the water, which made everyone dislike it. Just lift the stone to break the urn, the water bursts, and the child lives (Song History).

The story of Sima Guang smashing jars soon spread to Kaifeng, Luoyang and other places in Beijing. Some people also create cartoons based on Sima Guang's deeds. Since then, Sima Guang's reputation has spread all over the world.

3. Who did Sima Guang save?

In the narrative of History of Song Dynasty, only Sima Guang smashed a jar to save people, and no one was saved. If you really want to guess, that child should be their companion who often plays together, and it should be a child in the county compound.

But in recent years, the image of this rescued child has been fixed by some historical writers, and it is a person named Shangguan Guang. Shangguan Guang, a native of Guangshan, was also Sima Guang's childhood playmate. The day after Sima Guang was rescued, Shangguan's family made a special trip to thank him with gifts.

Shangguan moved to the south slope of Dilong, west of Guangshan City, and built a pavilion called Thanksgiving Pavilion to repay Sima Guang for saving his life. In order to commemorate this move, later generations renamed this slope Shangguan Gang.